Thaum nyob hauv ob chav tsev tsis xis nyob, cov tswv xav hloov lawv lub tsev mus rau qhov dav dua. Tab sis yuav ua li cas yog vim li cas qhov kev txav mus tsis tau? Hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo li no, koj tuaj yeem xav txog kev kho dua tshiab ntawm chav tsev, piv txwv li, sim ua "peb-ruble daim ntawv" tawm ntawm "kopeck piece". Yuav ua li cas faib qhov chaw dawb thiab tau txais chav ntxiv, peb tau hais hauv peb tsab xov xwm.
Kev txiav txim siab lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tsim kho dua tshiab
Ua ntej pib ua haujlwm, teeb tsa koj tus kheej lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb: txiav txim siab thaj tsam koj ploj hauv chav tsev. Koj kuj yuav tsum xaiv qhov chaw uas koj txaus siab txi kom ua tiav koj lub hom phiaj.
Txoj kev yooj yim tshaj plaws los ua "peb-ruble daim ntawv" tawm ntawm "kopeck piece" yog siv lub sam thiaj, chav hnav khaub ncaws thiab ib feem ntawm txoj hauv kev. Yog tias qhov kev xaiv no tsis raug txiav txim siab, koj yuav tsum kos tus ciam teb ntawm ob qhov chaw hauv tib chav. Feem ntau rau qhov nolub hom phiaj xaiv chav dav tshaj plaws.
Cia peb saib cov txheej txheem kho tsev pheej yig.
Kev hloov pauv thoob ntiaj teb hauv chav tsev npaj
Nrog sijhawm txaus thiab nyiaj txiag, kev txhim kho loj tuaj yeem pib. Piv txwv li, tsim ib phab ntsa cib tshiab nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm ib chav ntev los yog txav qhov kev faib nruab nrab ntawm chav nyob thiab txoj hauv kev. Cov haujlwm no yuav xav tau kev koom tes ntawm ntau tus kws tshaj lij thiab cov nqi sijhawm tseem ceeb.
Ua tib zoo saib xyuas qhov tseeb tias yog tias koj xav ua "daim ntawv peb-ruble" tawm ntawm "kopeck daim" los ntawm kev rhuav tshem cov phab ntsa, qhov project ntawm chav tsev yuav tsum tau rov ua dua. Cov ntaub ntawv tshiab yuav tsum qhia qhov chaw ntawm cov phiaj xwm phab ntsa, qhov (sockets, switches) thiab teeb pom kev zoo.
Qhov nyuaj ntawm kev hloov kho thoob ntiaj teb nyob hauv ntau lub ntsiab lus ntxiv:
- Ua ntej pib ua haujlwm, koj yuav tsum tau ntiav ib tus kws tshaj lij uas yuav kos cov phiaj xwm tshiab.
- Nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv tiav, koj yuav tsum hu rau BTI thiab tau txais kev tso cai ua haujlwm. Yog tias koj npaj yuav tawm tsam cov kabmob uas muaj kabmob, nws yuav nyuaj dua kom tau txais cov lus teb zoo.
- Tom qab ua tiav cov haujlwm kho, cov haujlwm tawm mus rau thaj chaw nyob, uas kho cov haujlwm ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab ntsuas seb cov khoom thauj khoom ntawm lub tsev puas puas.
Tau kawg, koj tuaj yeem tsis lees paub qhov kev tsim kho tshiab, tab sis yav tom ntej nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem muag lossis muab lwm cov ntaub ntawv raug cai rau chav tsev no. Koj yuav tsum nco ntsoovntawm kev nplua uas hem cov tswv tsev rau kev txhim kho tsis raug cai. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov zoo dua los muab cov ntaub ntawv raws sijhawm.
Visual delineation of space
Yog tias kev kho thoob ntiaj teb tsis suav nrog koj cov phiaj xwm, siv lwm txoj hauv kev, yuav ua li cas ua "peb-ruble daim ntawv" tawm ntawm "kopeck piece": siv cov tswv yim ntawm kev pom kev txiav txim siab ntawm thaj tsam ntawm chav.
Nyob rau hauv txoj haujlwm no, koj tuaj yeem siv:
- txhua yam tshuaj ntsuam;
- xov thiab ntaub pua chaw;
- rooj tog zaum;
- dhau ntawm racks thiab niches;
- sib txawv xim tsim ntawm thaj chaw;
- kev sib txawv nrog cov teeb pom kev zoo.
Tam sim ntawd nco ntsoov tias txoj kev pom kev sib txawv tsuas yog siv tau rau hauv chav dav xwb, txij li qhov tseeb ntawm chav tsev tseem zoo ib yam, tab sis twb tau muab faib ua 2 thaj chaw.
Cov kev daws teeb meem no feem ntau yog siv los faib chav nyob loj rau hauv chaw ua haujlwm thiab thaj chaw txais qhua thiab so nrog tag nrho tsev neeg. Yog tias koj muaj chav pw dav, siv lub qhov rooj zawv zawg, cov ntxaij vab tshaus thiab lwm yam sab hauv, koj tuaj yeem ua chav rau menyuam yaus, chav hnav khaub ncaws lossis txawm tias chav nyob.
Kev tsim kho tshiab: siv lub sam thiaj
Yog tias koj lub tsev tau nruab nrog lub sam thiaj, siv qhov chaw no rau koj kom zoo dua. Hais txog lub xub ntiag ntawm lub loggia hauv chav tsev koj raug nug los ntawm ib tus neeg tsim qauv uas koj hu rau cov lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas ua "peb-ruble daim ntawv" tawm ntawm "kopeck daim". Cov duab, tej yaam num ntawm kev hloov zoo sib xws hauvchav tsev qhia tau tias muaj peev xwm siv tau ntxiv square meters.
Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem txav chav ua noj mus rau lub sam thiaj, thiab siv qhov chaw seem ua chav nyob. Yav dhau los, qhov chaw no yuav tsum tau insulated, tab sis thaum kawg koj yuav tau txais chav uas koj nco heev.
Ntxiv rau, cov chav hauv qab no tuaj yeem npaj rau ntawm lub sam thiaj lossis loggia:
- canteen;
- boudoir;
- lub caij ntuj no tsev cog khoom;
- chaw so nrog ib khob kas fes;
- office;
- miniature gym.
Yog tias koj pib txhim kho thoob ntiaj teb, chav ua noj tsuas tuaj yeem txav me ntsis mus rau thaj chaw loggia, thiab qhov chaw dawb tuaj yeem siv rau hauv chav nyob sib ze los ntawm kev txav phab ntsa sib cais.
Siv txoj kev no, thov nco ntsoov tias lub koom haum vaj tse yuav tsis pom zoo hloov chav ua noj rau hauv chav ua noj. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias, raws li cov cai hauv tsev, nws tsis raug tso cai los tsim ib lub tsev nyob hauv cov chaw ntub dej. Yog tias, ntawm txoj kev npaj tshiab ntawm chav tsev, qhov chaw no raug xaiv los ua chav hnav khaub ncaws lossis chav ua noj, ces qhov project yuav pom zoo nrog ntau dua qhov yuav tshwm sim.
Hloov hauv tsev thiab chav dej
Cov chaw tsim tshwj xeeb yuav muab ntau txoj hauv kev rau koj los ua daim ntawv peb-ruble tawm ntawm "kopeck daim". Cov duab ntawm kev ua tiav yav dhau los qhia txog qhov ua tau ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm chav dej thiab hauv tsev.
Piv txwv li, yog tias koj muaj txoj hauv kevqhov loj me, txo nws mus rau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus. Txuas dawb square meters rau chav nyob ib sab. Qhov chaw nce nyob rau hauv txoj kev no tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob qhov chaw nyob puv npo.
Cov tswv ntawm 2-chav tsev uas xav tsis thoob yuav ua li cas ua "peb-ruble daim ntawv" tawm ntawm "kopeck piece" lub tsho yuav tau siv chav dej hauv kev tsim kho tshiab. Cov duab ntawm cov tsev zoo sib xws qhia qhov nyuaj ntawm kev tsim kho dua tshiab, vim tias cov chav nyob sib txawv thiab tsis tuaj yeem ua ke.
Hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo li no, koj tuaj yeem siv cov squares ntxiv los ntawm chav dej, uas feem ntau nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov tsev nyob. Yog tias chav dej me me lawm, nws tuaj yeem nthuav dav los ntawm kev txo txoj hauv kev.
Siv chaw cia
Cov neeg nyob hauv tsev ntawm cov khoom qub tuaj yeem siv lwm txoj hauv kev, yuav ua li cas ua "peb-ruble daim ntawv" tawm ntawm "kopeck piece-Khrushchev". Txij li cov chav tsev no feem ntau muaj 1-2 chav cia, lawv cov tswv muaj lwm txoj hauv kev los ua kom thaj chaw siv tau.
Hauv cov tsev tsim hauv 40s, cov chav zoo li no tau nyob rau hauv cov chav nyob, uas tso cai rau koj kom nthuav dav chav tsev yam tsis muaj kev rhuav tshem cov phab ntsa loj. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog siv niches ze ntawm chav ua noj thiab hauv tsev kom nce cov chav tshwj xeeb no, thiab cov square metres ntxiv tuaj yeem txuas mus rau qhov chaw tsim nyog.
Yog koj xav tsis txog tias koj lub neej tsis muaj pantry, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob tshem nws tag. Tsuas yogtxav lub niche rau khaws cov khoom hauv tsev mus rau lwm lub ces kaum, thiab nthuav dav chav nyob ze siv qhov chaw dawb.
Ua ob los ntawm ib chav
Cov kev xaiv kho dua tshiab saum toj no yog tsim nyog rau cov tswv ntawm cov chav tsev me me. Yog tias koj lub tsev muaj tsawg kawg yog ib chav dav dav, siv txoj kev nrov tshaj plaws kom tau txais chav ntxiv - faib.
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, nws yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab qhov chaw rau chav tshiab thiab tiv thaiv nws nrog phab ntsa los ntawm chav tsev loj. Txoj kev no tuaj yeem ua ke nrog kev nthuav dav vim loggia. Koj tuaj yeem ua ntej rhuav tshem lub sam thiaj thaiv, thaiv qhov chaw thiab pib tsim phab ntsa sib cais. Txoj kev no thawj chav yuav tsis txo qis heev, tab sis nws yuav muab rau koj ntxiv qhov chaw nyob.
Yuav ua li cas thaum rhuav tshem ntawm phab ntsa ua tsis tau?
Yog tias, vim yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm koj chav tsev, nws tsis tuaj yeem rhuav tshem cov phab ntsa uas xav tau, npaj qhov qhib loj hauv nws qhov chaw. Cov txheej txheem zoo sib xws yog siv los ntawm cov neeg tsim qauv thaum tsim nyog los ua daim ntawv peb-ruble tawm ntawm ib qho loj "kopeck piece". Nws zoo li cas?
Piv txwv li, koj xav tau chav noj mov, tab sis rau qhov no koj yuav tsum txuas chav ua noj rau chav. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, nruab kab los yog nruab ib lub koov los yog portal nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub bearing phab ntsa.
Cais qhov seem seem ntawm chav tsev ntawm chav ua noj nrog lub teeb faib. Yog li koj tau txais qhov xav tau chav noj mov nrog delimitation ntawm thaj chaw ua noj thiab noj. Cov chav sib cais los ntawm phab ntsa tshiab yuav raug txo me ntsis, tab sis yuav siv txuas ntxiv rau nws lub hom phiaj.
Yuav ua li cas koj yuav tsum xav txog thaum pib kho dua tshiab ntawm chav tsev: cov tswv yim tsim qauv
Xav seb yuav ua li cas thiaj ua tau "kopeck daim" rau hauv "peb daim", ua tib zoo saib qee cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov kawg tshwm sim.
Cov no suav nrog:
- qhov chaw qhib qhov rais;
- load-bearing muaj peev xwm ntawm cov partitions tshiab.
Yog tias koj npaj yuav tau txais chav thib peb los ntawm kev faib qhov chaw loj, xav txog qhov chaw qhib qhov rais. Yog tias tsuas muaj ib qho xwb, ces chav thib ob yuav xav tau qhov chaw teeb pom kev ntxiv uas yuav tsum ua haujlwm txawm tias thaum nruab hnub.
Koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo xaiv cov khoom siv rau kev tsim cov piers. Qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws, pheej yig tshaj plaws thiab kev xaiv ua haujlwm yooj yim tshaj plaws yog cov phab ntsa ua los ntawm cov hlau profiles thiab cov phab ntsa ntub dej. Txawm li cas los xij, cov qauv zoo li no tuaj yeem siv tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas tsis xav tau lub nra loj ntawm phab ntsa.
Yog tias koj npaj yuav nruab cov rooj tog zaum thiab cov khoom siv, siv cov khoom siv hauv tsev ntau dua:
- brick;
- silicate blocks;
- hypos blocks;
- ua npuas ncauj gas pob zeb.
Qhov kev xaiv kawg yog qhov nrov tshaj plaws, vim nws lub teeb hauv qhov hnyav, muaj zog txaus thiab ua haujlwm yooj yim nrog.
Kev xaiv rau kev pom kev sib cais ntawm thaj chaw
Yog tias kev kho thoob ntiaj teb tsis suav nrog koj cov phiaj xwm, siv txoj hauv kevpom kev faib qhov chaw. Nws tso cai rau koj los ua "kopeck piece" los ntawm "kopeck piece" hauv lub tsev tshiab niaj hnub nrog chav loj.
Qhov kev txwv ntawm thaj chaw yog ua nyob rau hauv chav dav dav tshaj plaws. Yog tias koj xav tau chav puv puv nrog lub qhov rooj xauv, siv cov zawv zawg tshwj xeeb. Kev txhim kho zoo li no tsis tas yuav muaj kev tso cai los ntawm cov tub ceev xwm muaj peev xwm thiab ua tiav sai heev.
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas koj tsuas yog xav faib thaj chaw noj mov lossis ua haujlwm, koj tuaj yeem ntxiv cov rooj tog rau sab hauv uas yuav faib qhov chaw. Tsis tas li ntawd, folding niches, curtains ntawm txhua yam thiab arched opens ua los ntawm lub teeb yuag yog feem ntau siv rau lub hom phiaj no.
Zoo kawg
Cov tsev neeg Lavxias feem ntau ntsib teeb meem tsis muaj chav ntxiv. Vim li no, cov tswv ntawm lub tsev no yuav tsum tau ntse thiab nrhiav txoj hauv kev tawm ntawm qhov xwm txheej no.
Ib tug neeg faib ib chav rau ob peb chav me, thiab ib tug neeg, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, xav paub yuav ua li cas ua ib daim kopeck tawm ntawm daim ntawv peb-ruble. Lub chav ua noj lom zem me me lossis ib qho chaw me me hauv qhov loj yog muaj los ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv ntau lub tsev. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, muaj kev xaiv yuav ua li cas kom koj lub tsev xis nyob.
