Cov khoom siv hlau maj mam ua xeb dhau sijhawm. Cov qauv raug rhuav tshem, xyaum ua hmoov av. Yuav kom tsis txhob muaj qhov tshwm sim tu siab, koj yuav tsum paub tias cov hlau corrosion yog dab tsi thiab yuav tiv thaiv nws li cas. Cov hlau raug kev puas tsuaj vim yog kev cuam tshuam ntawm ib puag ncig sab nraud ntawm nws, uas tuaj yeem yog electrochemical lossis tshuaj lom neeg. Tshuaj corrosion tshwm nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig uas tsis muaj peev xwm ua hluav taws xob tam sim no (petroleum products, gases, alcohols). Tag nrho cov hlau yog raug rau nws. Electrochemical corrosion tshwm sim vim qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab electrolytic ntawm cov hlau vim muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm ib puag ncig. Hauv particular, kev lag luam thiab cov ntsev hauv tsev siv rau hauv txoj kev hauv lub caij ntuj no thiab cov dej ntws tsis zoo muaj qhov cuam tshuam. Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev thiab txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv corrosion.
Qhov nrov tshaj plaws thiab nthuav dav yog siv cov xim pleev xim. Lawv yog cov hlau thiab inorganic non-metallic. Txheej raws li hluavtaws polymers muab ntau dua efficiency. Inorganic non-metallic txheej yog ntau haiv neeg. Cov no suav nrog cov xim (roj, alkyd thiab enamels), thiab cov kua roj vanish (tar, hluavtaws, bituminous). Thaum ua ntawv thov, xws li kev tiv thaiv corrosion tsim ib zaj duab xis nyias uas tiv thaiv cov hlau los ntawm ya raws thiab ib puag ncig cuam tshuam. Varnishes thiab xim yog yooj yim heev rau thov, pheej yig. Thaum pib ntawm kev ua haujlwm, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua raws li kev siv tshuab ntawm lawv daim ntawv thov. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los npog cov hlau nto nrog lawv hauv ob peb txheej txhawm rau txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov qauv zoo dua los ntawm huab cua.
Hlau txheej-inhibitors yog ob hom. Thawj suav nrog kev tiv thaiv txheej nrog cadmium, zinc, thiab txhuas. Rau qhov thib ob - corrosion-resistant coatings nrog tooj liab, nyiaj, txhuas, npib tsib xee thiab chromium.
Nyob ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv corrosion, nws yog hu ua cathodic lossis anodic. Muaj cov xim hlau inhibitor txheej uas muaj electronegative ntau dua thiab cov coatings uas muaj electropositive ntau dua. Anode coatings belongs rau thawj hom, cathodic - mus rau lub thib ob. Aluminium thiab zinc yog siv los ua anode coatings, npib tsib xee, tooj liab, thiab tin yog siv los ua cathodic txheej.
Txoj kev sib txawv ntawm kev tiv thaiv cov hlau los ntawm kev xeb kuj tseem muaj ntau txoj hauv kev rau kev siv cov txheej txheem. Piv txwv li, siv cov tshuaj inhibitors, siv cov tshuaj siv los ua cov txheej txheem hlau nrog lwm cov hlau: aluminium, zinc.
Yog tias cov qauv hlau twb tau corroded, ces cov khoom ntxiv rau hauv daim ntawv ntawmpassivators thiab inhibitors. Pab txhawb rau inhibition ntawm corrosion txheej txheem nyob rau hauv alkaline thiab nruab nrab ib puag ncig xws li muaj zog oxidizing neeg ua hauj lwm raws li ntsev ntawm alkaline ntiaj teb thiab alkali hlau. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev txhim kho hauv cov pob zeb ua kom muaj zog, calcium nitrite-nitrate yog siv.
Thaum nws tsim nyog los tiv thaiv corrosion los ntawm ib puag ncig sab nraud thiab nag lossis daus, siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis haum, uas yog cov khoom adsorb ntawm cov hlau saum npoo ntawm huab cua los yog condense rau nws, tsim ib txheej nyias.
