Kev cog qoob loo ntawm cov nceb hauv tsev yog ua raws li txheej txheem tsim. Hauv qhov no, koj yuav tsis tas siv nyiaj los yuav cov nceb, thiab ntxiv rau, nws yuav tsis ntshai noj lawv, vim tias koj yeej yuav tsis raug tshuaj lom los ntawm lawv.
Ua ntej pib ua txheej txheem, pib, nws raug nquahu kom kawm cov cuab yeej ntawm cov nceb nceb hauv tsev. Hauv tsab xov xwm no peb yuav kawm kom ntxaws.
Ua ntej, koj yuav tsum npaj ob chav. Hauv ib qho, oyster nceb yuav loj hlob hauv tsev, qhov thib ob yog npaj rau lub sijhawm incubation. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv tib chav rau qhov no. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, koj yuav tsum nruj me ntsis raws li ib tug tej theem ntawm microclimate thiab tswj cov degree ntawm huab cua humidity.
Yuav ua li cas los ua ke
- Nutrient nruab nrab. Npaj txhij, ntim rau muag.
- Mushroom noob - mycelium. Tseem ceebtshawb xyuas hnub tas sij hawm.
- Fan. Tsim nyog tsev neeg.
- Antiseptic. Rubbing cawv los yog tshuaj chlorinated.
- hnab looj tes tiv thaiv, daim npog ntsej muag, riam taw, hnab yas muaj zog.
Tau kawg, koj yuav tsum muaj kev mob siab rau (tus txheej txheem yog ntev heev) thiab lub siab xav sim tus kheej tau oyster nceb.
cov qauv tseem ceeb rau kev tso kawm
Rau cov nceb nceb hauv tsev, yuav tsum faib chav cais. Tsis tas yuav faib ib chav hauv tsev. Cellar, hauv qab daus, shed yuav haum txig. Rau theem incubation, lub microclimate yuav tsum tau khaws cia ntawm li 26 degrees Celsius, lub degree ntawm cov av noo yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj 70%.
Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau ua kom huv. Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob ntxuav txhua yam nyob ib puag ncig nrog tshuaj dawb, koj tuaj yeem siv lub foob pob hluav taws xob los yog tsuas yog npog txhua qhov chaw ntsug nrog tshuaj ntxuav tes nrog kev sib ntxiv ntawm tooj liab sulfate. Hauv qhov no, pwm txawv teb chaws yuav tsis tsim.
Qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thaum loj hlob oyster nceb hauv tsev yog tias txhua lub qhov cua yuav tsum raug kaw nrog lub network nrog cov hlwb me. Txwv tsis pub, cov yoov tuaj yeem nkag mus rau qhov tsis hnov tsw ntawm mycelium thiab rhuav tshem cov nceb cog.
Rau lub sijhawm germination thiab khaws cov nceb, cov dej noo nyob rau hauv cov huab cua sab hauv yog tsim nyog nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam ntawm 80-95%, qhov kub tsis tshaj 18 degrees Celsius.
Qhov tseem ceeb! Hauv qab daus lossis cellar - qhov chaw tsim nyog tshaj plaws. Cov chav no tas lince av noo, thiab sov microclimate tuaj yeem tsim siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob hauv tsev.
npaj substrate
Raws li cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev loj hlob oyster nceb hauv tsev los ntawm khawb, koj yuav tsum xaiv cov substrate uas muaj cellulose. Nws yog nws leej twg tsim ib qho nruab nrab nutrient rau mycelium. Kev paub txog nceb cog siv sawdust, me me twigs los yog shavings. Cov neeg pib tuaj yeem sim cov substrate, muaj xws li:
- ntawm barley straw;
- husks ntawm sunflower noob;
- pob kws tua, nplooj;
- nplej straw;
- pob kws.
Ua ntej, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo txheeb xyuas cov khoom siv raw uas tsim. Lub substrate yuav tsum huv si thiab qhuav. Kev tsim cov pwm lossis cov ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab qhia tias cov khoom siv raw tsis haum rau kev nthuav tawm ntawm cov kab mob.
Tom qab xaiv lub substrate, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog rau boil cov khoom raw. Qhov no yuav ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv nws tus kheej los ntawm cov kab mob phem, kab larvae, thiab tib lub sij hawm saturate nws nrog noo noo. Ua li no, cov khoom siv raw yog muab tso rau hauv lub lauj kaub hlau, dej huv yog nchuav. Tom qab ntawd coj mus rau ib lub boil thiab ua noj rau li 40 feeb. Ces cia nws txias li peb teev.
Tom qab ntawd, cov dej ntau dhau yog nchuav tawm, cov khoom siv raw yog muab tso rau hauv qab xovxwm lossis dai rau hauv ib lub hnab ntaub.
Thaum sib tov txias mus rau qhov kub ntawm 24-26 ° C, nws tsim nyog pib cog.
Qhov tseem ceeb! Txhawm rau kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua, nyob rau hnub ua ntej cog, lawv ntxiv rau cov khoom siv rawib qho me me ntawm cov poov xab tshiab. Kwv yees li 50g rau 15kg tag nrho qhov hnyav.
cog khoom
Loj hlob oyster nceb hauv tsev rau cov neeg pib tshiab yog kev lag luam txaus nyiam thiab nthuav. Ua ntej koj yuav tsum yuav "cov noob" - mycelium. Niaj hnub no, nws yooj yim dua los yuav lawv - muaj ntau lub khw hauv online nrog xa mus rau txhua lub nroog. Tab sis kuj muaj cov tuam txhab hauv zos. Rau beginners nyob rau hauv loj hlob nceb uas ntshai tsis ua hauj lwm, nws yog txaus mus yuav 1 kg ntawm mycelium. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, nws tuaj yeem tau txais kwv yees li 3 lossis 4 kg ntawm nceb. Npaj cov khoom nyoos ua ntej. Mycelium tuaj yeem khaws cia hauv chav txias txog li 2 lub hlis; nws yog txwv tsis pub khaws cia hauv lub tub yees. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis txhob cia mycelium nkag mus rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, yog li nws yog qhov zoo dua los qhib lub pob nrog cov hnab looj tes tiv thaiv.
Thaum yuav, koj yuav tsum tau coj los ntawm kev teem caij no:
- Kev tshuaj xyuas cov khoom muag.
- Nws tsim nyog yuav cov khoom cog cog los ntawm tus neeg muag khoom tshiab.
- Kawm tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev xaiv ntau yam, mycelium germination lub sij hawm, pwm kuj.
- Kos hnub tas sij hawm.
- Tom qab xa khoom, kuaj qhov ntsuas kub ntawm mycelium - nws yuav tsum yog kwv yees li +20 degrees Celsius.
- Yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cov xim dub lossis ntsuab ntawm mycelium. Cov noob yuav tsum yog lub teeb txiv kab ntxwv nrog cov xim daj.
Qhov tseem ceeb! Yog tias cov khoom cog tau yuav ntev ua ntej disembarkation, ces nws tuaj yeem khaws cia rau hauvtub yees rau 9 hnub. Qhov ntsuas kub tau nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm 3-5 degrees.
Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ua ntej nce nkoj
Cov substrate tau npaj, cov noob tau muas thiab tau so rau ib hnub ntawm chav tsev kub.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thaum loj hlob oyster nceb hauv tsev yog huab cua yuav tsum tsis txhob tshuab los ntawm qhov chaw hauv chav. Mushroom spores yuav luag hnyav thiab yuav tawg sai sai.
Cov cuab yeej siv tsuas yog tsis muaj menyuam. Disinfect ib rab riam, hnab nruj, tes, piv txwv li, nrog kev daws ntawm xab npum ntxhua khaub ncaws, lossis kho nrog tshuaj tua kab mob. Nws raug nquahu kom tiv thaiv koj txhais tes nrog hnab looj tes. Nco ntsoov siv cov ntaub qhwv ntsej muag. Txwv tsis pub, cov spores yuav nqus mus rau hauv lub ntsws, uas yuav ua rau muaj kev fab tshuaj.
Cia peb xav txog kev loj hlob oyster nceb mycelium tom tsev.
Luag
- Mycelium yog crushed yam tsis tau qhib lub pob.
- Cov khoom nyoos yog nchuav rau hauv lub hnab yas.
- Lub cev nqaij daim tawv yog pw rau saum txheej nyias.
- Rov ua txheej txheej rau saum lub hnab.
- pob kaw nruj nreem.
Yuav kom cov nceb loj hlob zuj zus, koj yuav tsum tso cov mycelium kom ze rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub hnab dua li nruab nrab.
Ib txoj hauv kev yooj yim rau cog oyster nceb hauv tsev tau tso cai. Cov khoom siv raw yog nchuav rau hauv lub hnab npaj ua ntej, qhov me me yog tsim rau hauv lawv nrog rab riam. Mycelium muab tso rau hauv lawv, ces cov qhov no raug kaw.
Qhov tseem ceeb! Tsis tas yuav siv lub hnab loj. Mushrooms tseem yuav germinate tsuas yog sab nraum. Feem ntauib qho ntim tau yuav tsum tuav kwv yees li 5-8 kg ntawm npaj txhij.
Germination theem
Tom qab npaj lub hnab, ib puag ncig uas tsaus, sov thiab kub siab yog qhov tseem ceeb rau lawv. Nyob rau hauv chav tsev rau incubation, huab cua kub yuav tsum yog 18-20 ° C. Thaum kub kub, lub substrate yuav overheat, lub cev vegetative yuav tuag. Nws yog txwv tsis pub ua kom cua nkag mus rau hauv chav tsev, cov pa roj carbon dioxide emitted tsuas yog tsim nyog rau germination ntawm oyster nceb. Koj tuaj yeem siv lub kiv cua kom txias lub hnab yam tsis tsim cov ntawv sau.
Ib hnub tom qab tso, qhov kev txiav ua ntej tau qhib. Yog hais tias lub mycelium tau nteg nyob rau hauv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, ces nco ntsoov txiav lub hnab nrog ib tug ntse riam. Qhov kev txiav yuav tsum yog ntsug, 2-3 cm ntev, kwv yees li 5 mm dav, nrog qhov sib txawv ntawm 10-12 cm ntawm lawv.
Pob yuav tsum tsis txhob dai ntawm ib sab. Koj yuav tsum tawm qhov sib txawv ntawm kwv yees li 7-9 cm.
Lub sijhawm ntawm kev cog qoob loo yuav tsum nyob ntawm hom, txij li 16 txog 24 hnub. Cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws yog muab los ntawm tus neeg muag khoom-chaw tsim khoom.
Lub hnab yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua. Kev tsim ntawm cov pob dub, ib qho tsis kaj siab tsw qhia tias cov cuab yeej thiab cov khoom siv tsis tau raug tshuaj tua kab mob kom zoo. Qhov xwm txheej ib txwm yog lub teeb, yuav luag xim dawb ntawm cov ntsiab lus, qhov txawv ntawm qhov tsw qab ntxiag ntawm nceb.
Qhov tseem ceeb! Kev tshuaj xyuas yuav tsum tau ua kom sai li sai tau. Txhua qhov kev sib tsoo ntawm lub teeb nyob rau lub sijhawm no yog teeb meem rau mycelium.
Highlights First Fruiting
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plawsloj hlob oyster nceb nyob rau hauv tsev nyob rau hauv lub hnab - tsis txhob nco lub sij hawm thaum lub rudiments ntawm nceb tshwm. Koj yuav pom lawv tam sim ntawd. Grey pob tshwm nyob rau tom qab dawb. Tom qab ntawd cov pob khoom nrog cov nceb tau tsiv mus rau lwm qhov chaw lossis cov xwm txheej tau hloov pauv hauv tib qhov chaw:
- Qhov ntsuas kub qis rau 10-18 degrees.
- Ua kom huab cua nce mus txog 90-95%.
- Ntxiv teeb pom kev zoo tsawg kawg 8 teev ib hnub.
- Chav yuav tsum tau cua tsawg kawg 4 zaug hauv ib hnub.
Rau lub sijhawm ntawm thawj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, qhov tseem ceeb yog huab cua av noo. Tab sis nco ntsoov tias nceb tsis tuaj yeem raug dej ncaj qha. Txwv tsis pub, rot yuav tsim ua ntej cov nceb loj hlob. Qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yuav yog txau dej ntawm txhua qhov chaw ntawm chav tsev. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, yuav tsum tswj xyuas kom cov dej tsis txhob nkag mus rau cov nceb thiab hnab.
Qhov tseem ceeb! Txhawm rau kom tau txais cov nceb nrog lub teeb ntxoov ntxoo, teem lub microclimate hauv tsev ntawm 12 degrees Celsius. Txhawm rau kom tau txais cov nceb nrog cov xim tsaus, microclimate yuav tsum sov, txog li 18 degrees Celsius.
thib ob fruiting
Tom qab thawj zaug sau, hnab av tsis muab pov tseg. Oyster nceb muaj peev xwm ua tau txog li 5 cov qoob loo ntawm ib qho cog. Hauv qhov no, mycelium yuav tsum tau so, so yog li ob lub lis piam, tom qab ntawd nws muab ib feem tshiab ntawm cov qoob loo. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib xyuas rau lub sijhawm so. Yog li, mycelium yuav tsim qoob loo rau plaub lub hlis.
Yog tsis muaj peev xwm faib chav, muaj lwm qhovtechnology loj hlob oyster nceb hauv tsev. Ib qho kev xaiv tag nrho yog kev yug me nyuam ntawm nceb ntawm stumps.
Tshuaj oyster nceb nyob hauv tsev
Rau qhov no koj yuav xav tau:
- Txawm yog cov ntoo uas tsis muaj resinous.
- cog khoom.
- Secluded tsaus qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw.
- bag, movie.
- Passion rau txheej txheem.
Cov khoom siv ntoo xav tau muaj zog, tsis muaj cov cim ntawm kev lwj thiab ziab tawm. Ua ntej siv, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog uas nws yuav tsum tsis pub ntev tshaj 10 lub hlis. Muab cov cav tso rau hauv dej rau peb hnub, tso rau hauv qab ntawm cov xovxwm kom tsis txhob nce mus rau saum npoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov yog ua nyob rau hauv cov ntoo, koj muaj peev xwm ua rau lawv nrog ib tug xyaum. Qhov ntev txog li 1.5 cm dav, mus txog 7 cm tob, cov khoom cog yog rammed rau hauv lawv, ntsaws nrog moss los ntawm saum toj no. Yog tias tsis muaj kev xyaum, ces koj tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov txheej saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm cov ntoo thiab faib cov mycelium rau saum. Yuav kom nws muaj zog, nws raug tso cai rau ntsia thawv carnations. Cov txheej txheem cog yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Ua ntej yuav hloov mus rau lub vaj, cov ncej tau muab tso rau ntawm ib sab thiab npog nrog ntaub thiab polyethylene rau saum. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tsis tu ncua kev tso cua thiab tshuaj xyuas kom tsis txhob muaj pwm. Tom qab qee lub sijhawm, mycelium yuav npog tag nrho cov stump. Sai li nws tau sov, nyob ib ncig ntawm lub Tsib Hlis, cov cav yuav raug xa mus rau qhov chaw qhib. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog xaiv qhov chaw tsaus: nyob rau hauv qhov ntxoov ntxoo ntawm cov ntoo, ntawm qhov tsis muaj hnub ci ntawm lub tsev. Cov ncej yog muab tso rau vertically, thaum zaum ob peb centimeters rau hauv av. Hauv qabnplooj thiab cov nplej uas ntub dej tau muab tso rau hauv lawv.
cog nceb yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tsuas yog thaum huab cua qhuav thiab kub: ua tib zoo ywg dej rau qhov chaw ze ntawm cov pob zeb. Yog tias koj ua raws li tag nrho cov cai, thawj zaug sau tuaj yeem tau los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub caij ntuj sov. Mushroom pickers yuav coj sau mus txog rau thaum nruab nrab lub caij nplooj zeeg, txhua yam nyob ntawm huab cua thiab huab cua. Rau lub caij ntuj no, cav yuav tsum tau them nrog nplooj thiab ceg me me. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog birch nplooj thiab ceg. Lawv muaj cov kab mob bactericidal thiab yuav tsis tso cai rau rot. Lawm, txoj kev no tsis yog rau kev tsim khoom, tab sis nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev cog qoob loo hauv tsev. Kev loj hlob oyster nceb hauv tsev ntawm stumps tso cai rau koj kom muaj qoob loo zoo ntawm tus nqi qis.
Ib pliag xwb
Cia peb saib qee cov lus qhia:
- Loj hlob oyster nceb hauv tsev yuav tsum tau ua hauv daim npog ntsej muag. Mushrooms tsim spores uas ua rau muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj.
- Kev sau qoob loo tsis yog txiav los ntawm lub hauv paus, tab sis los ntawm kev sib tw tawm hauv av. Thaum txiav, muaj peev xwm qhia tau cov kab mob, qhov twg koj tuaj yeem hnov qab txog cov qoob loo tom ntej. Tus so ntawm cov hauv paus hniav kuj ua mob rau mycelium, ntau cov dej noo tawm los ntawm kev txiav.
- Thaum pwm pom thawj zaug ntawm ib lub hnab, nws yuav tsum tau muab cais tawm tam sim ntawd los ntawm lwm lub hnab kom lawv tsis muaj sijhawm los kis.
- Cov khoom siv substrate yuav ua rau hnav khaub ncaws zoo, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob muab pov tseg. Fertilizing lawv nrog lub vaj los yog zaub vaj yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem zoo. Ntxiv mus, cov seemsubstrates tuaj yeem muab me me tawm yog tias muab tso rau ze dej lossis hauv qhov ntxoov ntxoo ntawm ntoo.
- Thaum loj hlob hauv ib lub cellar lossis hauv qab daus, thawj ob lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua. Ntawm ntoo, cov qoob loo loj tshaj plaws tshwm sim nyob rau xyoo thib ob lossis thib peb ntawm kev cog qoob loo.
Zoo kawg
Oyster nceb yog cov nceb tsim nyog tshaj plaws rau kev nthuav tawm hauv tsev. Lawv yog cov heev unpretentious. Cov xwm txheej rau ripening yog yooj yim los tuav, nrog rau hauv tsev.
Muaj ob txoj hauv kev loj hlob lawv. Ib tug ntawm lawv yuav tsum tau siv zog tsawg, tab sis qhov tshwm sim yuav yog ib tug ntev tos rau fruiting. Rau lwm qhov, kev npaj ntawm thaj chaw yog qhov tsim nyog, tab sis nws yuav ua tau kom tau txais cov nceb ntau heev.
Koj yuav tsum xaiv ib txoj hauv kev uas yuav ua tau ntau dua, thiab tso siab rau kev tawm mus. Hauv qhov no, qhov tshwm sim yuav ua tau raws li txhua qhov kev cia siab.
Raws li kev lag luam, nceb nceb hauv tsev tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo.
