ru tsev yog feem ntau ua los ntawm cov tswv tsev lawv tus kheej. Yog hais tias peb tham txog ib tug gable tsim, ces nws yog ib qho yooj yim mus use thiab nruab. Cov txheej txheem zoo li no tuaj yeem dhau los ua ib qho kev txhim khu kev qha rau lub tsev thiab ntxiv lwm chav rau qhov chaw nyob yog tias tsim kho sab hauv yog qhov tseeb, uas tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev txhawj xeeb txog qhov zoo ntawm txoj kab nqes.
System xaiv
Kev tsim kho ntawm lub ru tsev gable tuaj yeem ua tau ntawm nws tus kheej yog tias koj muaj kev txawj ua haujlwm nrog ntoo thiab muaj kev nkag siab txog kev tsim qauv engineering. Koj yuav tsum tau siv kev pab los ntawm ntau tus neeg uas yuav npaj txhij los koom nrog hauv kev ua haujlwm hnyav. Txog niaj hnub no, ntau yam ntawm gable ru tsev yog paub. Ua ntej txiav txim siab thiab xaivtsim nyog, koj yuav tsum xav txog dab tsi yuav nyob hauv qab lub ru tsev - chav nyob los yog lub qab nthab. Gable ru tsev tuaj yeem muaj txheej txheej lossis dai qauv. Lawv qhov txawv yog nyob rau hauv cov fasteners thiab tuav cov khoom.
Hanging rafter structure
Kev tsim kho tsev tuaj yeem ua tiav raws li cov qauv dai truss. Yog hais tias lub tsev tsis muaj peev txheej, ces lub truss system yuav tsum tau kev txhawb nqa tsuas yog nyob rau sab phab ntsa, siv ib tug dai khaub ncaws qauv. Nws yog siv tau yog tias qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov phab ntsa yog sib npaug ntawm qhov kev txwv ntawm 6 mus rau 14 m. Cov rafters dai yuav ua rau muaj kev txaus siab ntawm cov phab ntsa loj. Txhawm rau txo nws, kab pheeb ces kaum thiab kab rov tav txuas txuas yuav tsum tau siv. Lawv yuav kho cov rafters ntawm lawv tus kheej thiab muaj cov npe hauv qab no:
- puffs;
- crossbars;
- struts;
- paj niam.
xaiv khoom
Cov ntsiab lus uas txhawb nqa lub kaw lus tuaj yeem kho rau lub nqaj nqaj lossis rafters ntawm txhua qhov chaw. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub rafters, koj tuaj yeem tso puffs uas yuav ua raws li cov kab hauv pem teb. Rau puffs thiab rafters, tuab blanks raug xaiv, uas yog qhov tseeb rau rooj plaub thaum muaj qhov chaw nyob hauv qab nthab. Kev tsim kho ntawm lub ru tsev koom nrog kev teeb tsa ntawm rafters, cov laug cam rau lawv yuav tsum muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm 55 x 200 mm.
Txoj kev ua haujlwm
Kev tiv thaiv dej yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ntawm cov phab ntsa uas muaj qhov sib txawv, cov khoom siv vov tsev tuaj yeem ua raws li nws, nws yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv ob peb txheej. Lub Mauerlat yog tsau rau saum, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau siv cov thauj tog rau nkoj hauv cov txheej txheem. Qhov no muaj qhov pom ntawm lub teeb muaj zog, uas cov rafters yuav so thiab kho. Nws muaj ib txoj hlua khi rau ntawm nws, uas yuav ua haujlwm hauv pem teb.
Rau Mauerlat, ib qho square bar nrog ib sab ntawm 120 lossis 150 hli feem ntau yog siv. Butt mus rau Mauerlat nrog ib kauj ruam ntawm 500 mus rau 600 hli, kab teeb yog nteg rau ntawm phab ntsa load-bearing, uas yuav ua rau hauv pem teb attic. Rau kev nyab xeeb thiab yooj yim ntawm kev ua haujlwm, cov laug cam yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ntawm cov kab teeb. Qhov no yuav tso cai rau koj kom tau txais lub platform uas koj tuaj yeem txuas cov rafters.
Kev tsim tsev, lub ru tsev uas muaj cov qauv gable, koom nrog kev sib txuas cov rafters hauv ib qho ntawm ob txoj hauv kev. Thawj yog txiav cov ces kaum thiab fastening nrog daim hlau los yog ntoo hauv ob sab phlu. Cov txheej txheem thib ob yog tsim cov grooves ntawm qhov kawg ntawm rafters. Fastening yog nqa tawm nrog bolts. Cov ntsiab lus tuaj yeem fastened nrog crossbars rau rigidity. Qee zaum, kev tsim cov grooves raug tso tseg, tom qab ntawd cov rafters tau bolted ua ke, cov tshuab no hu ua overlap fastening.
Cov Lus Qhia Tus Kheej
Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm lub tsev yog lub ru tsev. Kev tsim kho ntawm lub ru tsev yuav tsum tso thawj ob lub rafters ntawm Mauerlat tom qab lawv txuas ua ke. Qhov sib npaug ntawm txhua qhov seem yog nyob ntawm cov haujlwm no.cov rafters. Txhawm rau kom cov ntsiab lus no tau teeb tsa kom raug, grooves yuav tsum tau npaj rau hauv lawv uas yuav tso cai rau cov rafters sawv ntawm Mauerlat kom nruj li sai tau.
Txhawm rau muab kev nruj ntxiv rau cov rafters, ntxiv rau cov grooves, cov ces kaum hlau yuav tsum tau siv, cov ntsiab lus nrog lawv cov kev pab yog txuas rau Mauerlat nrog tus kheej tapping screws. Sai li thawj khub ntawm rafters raug teeb tsa, tib lub pob yog ua rau ntawm ob sab ntawm lub tsev. Ib txoj hlua yog ncab ntawm cov ntsiab lus no, uas yuav ua raws li qib. Tag nrho cov truss khub yuav tsum tau leveled nrog nws. Nruab nrab ntawm lawv tus kheej, cov rafters tom qab kev teeb tsa yuav tsum tau kho nrog lub nqaj nqaj, uas nyob hauv qab no.
Dab tsi tseem ceeb kom nco qab thaum ua haujlwm
Puffs tau nruab rau ntawm rafters. Yog hais tias chav tsev nyob, ces lub beam yuav tsum tau oriented siab kom nws ua raws li lub hauv paus rau lub qab nthab. Kev tsim thiab kev tsim cov ru tsev tsis ntev los no tau nce zuj zus los ntawm tus tswv ntawm cov cuab yeej ntawm nws tus kheej. Yog tias koj npaj yuav ua rau chav tsev ib lub tsev zoo tib yam, ces cov puffs yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv qis dua thiab siv cov khoom siv ntxiv xws li cov nqes hav lossis cov racks uas yuav txuas cov kab hauv pem teb thiab cov rafters.
Txhua qhov kev sib txuas rau kev nruj yuav tsum tau kho nrog tus kheej tapping screws lossis cov ntsia hlau, thiab ntxiv dag zog nrog brackets, kaum lossis hlau phaj. Thaum cov txheej txheem rafter tiav lawm, cov laug cam uas ua rau hauv pem teb yuav tsum tau muab ntsia hlau los yog ntsia rau ntawm kab teeb, tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem mus rau qhov kev npaj sab hauv thiab sab nraud.
Soft roof installation
Kev tsim kho lub ru tsev muag muag tuaj yeem pib ntawm theem tom ntej. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, npaj cov cuab yeej:
- riam;
- rauj;
- hacksaw;
- xaum;
- roulette;
- trowel.
Kev ua haujlwm tsis tas yuav muaj kev txawj tshwj xeeb. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv npog, cov vuas mos tuaj yeem siv tau, uas tau muab tso nrog lub kaum sab xis ntawm 12 txog 90 °. Cov khoom muaj qhov hnyav tsawg, yog li nws yuav tsis muab lub nra hnyav rau hauv pem teb. Thawj theem, lub hauv paus yuav tsum tau npaj, rau qhov no lawv feem ntau yog siv:
- txiav board;
- OSB;
- pab plywood.
Qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb yog qhov tsim ntawm qhov chaw tiaj tus. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ntseeg tau tias muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov cua. Nws qhov loj me yog 5 cm lossis ntau dua. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau tso lub hood los ntawm saum toj no, thaum lub qhov muag qhib yuav tsum yog los ntawm hauv qab. Qhov sib txawv no yuav tsum tau txhawm rau txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov dej khov hauv lub caij ntuj no thiab txo qhov kub hauv lub caij ntuj sov.
Tam sim no koj tuaj yeem mus rau kev teeb tsa ntawm cov khoom siv hauv ob sab phlu, nws tau dov raws tag nrho ntev. Txhua txhua 20 cm, cov npoo yuav tsum tau ntxiv dag zog, tag nrho cov pob qij txha yuav tsum tau muab kaw nrog kua nplaum. Cov thev naus laus zis nyob rau theem tom ntej muab rau kev teeb tsa ntawm cornice strips, lawv yuav tiv thaiv lub crate system los ntawm nag lossis daus. Cornice strips tau nruab rau hauv ob sab phlu, uas tuaj yeem hloov tau nrog cov tee dej. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej qhov sib tshooj ntawm 2 cm. Los tiv thaiv cov npoo ntawm lub crate, frontal.daim phiaj. Lawv qhov kev teeb tsa tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv cov kauj ruam tom ntej, muab tib qhov sib tshooj. Fastening yog nqa tawm ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub ru tsev siv cov ntsia hlau tshwj xeeb.
Cov Lus Qhia Ua Haujlwm
Cov ntaub pua plag hav tau nthuav tawm ntawm lub hauv ob sab phlu, nws yuav tsum muaj xim sib haum rau cov ntaub npog. Cov khoom no yog tsim nyog los tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob ya raws nkag mus rau hauv hav. Koj tuaj yeem ntxiv dag zog rau cov npoo hauv 10 cm increments nrog cov ntsia hlau vov tsev. Tam sim no koj yuav tsum pib tso cov vuas. Nws yog mounted raws cornice overhang, thiab rau qhov no koj yuav tsum tau siv ib tug self-adhesive puag.
Cov zaj duab xis tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm tsuas yog ua ntej pib txuas cov canvases. Koj yuav tsum pib ua haujlwm los ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm lub overhang ntawm lub cornice, mus rau qhov kawg ntawm lub ru tsev. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tshem tawm cov ntug qis ntawm cov nplais los ntawm sab ntug ntawm lub eaves los ntawm 1 cm. Cov ntaub npog yog ua ntej glued, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxiv nailed. Cov npoo ntawm cov vuas ntawm qhov kawg yuav tsum tau txiav thiab nplaum rau 10 cm. Txhawm rau qhib lub sawb ntawm cov ntaub pua plag hauv hav, cov khoom siv hauv cov kwj deg yog txiav mus rau 15 cm. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov txheej hauv qab ntawm lub ru tsev, ib daim. ntawm plywood yuav tsum muab tso.
Tus nqi ua haujlwm
Yog tias koj tsis npaj ua lub ru tsev koj tus kheej, ces koj yuav tsum xav txog tus nqi tsim lub ru tsev. Installation ntawm lub crate yuav raug nqi 150 rubles. ib square meter. Lub vapor barrier ntaus ntawv nqi 100 rubles. ib square meter. Yog hais tias koj xav tau insulate lub ru tsev, ces koj yuav tau them 200 rubles. ib square meter.
Thaum tsim lub ru tsev los ntawm cov vuas hlau, cov kws tshaj lij yuav nug txog 500 rubles rau kev teeb tsa cov khoom siv. rau squaremeter. Ib lub ru tsev ua los ntawm cov vuas hloov tau yuav raug nqi 300 rubles. ib square meter. Siv cov cement-xuab zeb vuas hauv cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm, pab pawg yuav thov 600 rubles. ib square meter.
Tus nqi ntawm kev tsim lub ru tsev yuav suav nrog kev teeb tsa ntxiv. Piv txwv li, cov ntaub ntawv cornices yuav raug nqi 670 rubles. rau 'meter'. Yog hais tias koj xav tau rau nruab snow retainers, koj yuav tau them 550 rubles. rau 'meter'. Skylights yog ntsia ntawm tus nqi ntawm 5,200 rubles. ib thooj.
