Plaster yog txuam nrog cov yam yooj yim ntawm cov khoom tiav, uas txawv los ntawm lawv cov nqi pheej yig thiab yooj yim ntawm daim ntawv thov. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib ntsib saum npoo nrog plaster txheej yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev siv ntau yam, uas tso cai rau nws siv rau hauv ob qho tib si kev tshaj lij thiab kev kho vaj tsev. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav tas li nce ntxiv, cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem thiab kev zoo nkauj ntawm phab ntsa tsim. Yog li ntawd, muaj ntau thiab ntau formulations nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam, ib co ntawm cov khoom uas tau hloov kho nrog cov khoom xyaw ntxiv. Qhov no yog yuav ua li cas txhim kho plaster tshwm sim, uas sawv tawm tsam cov keeb kwm yav dhau tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv nteg technology.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo ntawm kev txhim kho plaster?
Feem ntau, txawm tias yooj yim plaster, muab tias nws tau siv nrog cov khoom zoo, ua tiav nws txoj haujlwm ntev. Txawm li cas los xij, kev txhim kho kev sib xyaw ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tshem tawm ntau qhov kev tsis txaus ntseeg thiab lub cev ntawm cov qauv kev daws teeb meem. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, nws yog txhua yam kev ruaj ntseg, uas txhais tau hais tias lub siab ua haujlwm siab ntawm cov qauv rau kev tsim cov microcracks, nce sealing, muaj peev xwm ntau dua rau kev txhawb nqa nrog mesh, nrog rau qhov tsis tuaj.kev puas tsuaj nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog noo noo. Cov cuab yeej niaj hnub ntawm kev txhim kho plaster kuj tseem tsom rau kev khaws cia ntawm cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb ntawm kev siv. Nws twb tau sau tseg tias cov tshuaj no tsis ntshai ntawm cov dej noo, tab sis qhov no tsis tau txhais hais tias ib qho kev txhim kho tuaj yeem siv rau hauv chav ua noj thiab chav dej. Rau cov haujlwm zoo li no, muaj cov kev hloov pauv tshwj xeeb, uas kuj tau txhim kho. Kev hloov kho universal yog hluav taws kub. Nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo rau cov pa plaster, xws li mixs muaj ib tug ntev lub sij hawm khaws cia nyob rau hauv ncaj qha tshav kub raug thiab tsis ua rau muaj kev sib kis ntawm hluav taws.
Kev sib xyaw ua kom zoo dua
Yuav pib nrog, nws tsim nyog hais tias cov txheej txheem ua los ntawm cov txheej txheem ib txwm tsis muaj kev hloov pauv kuj tseem hu ua plaster txhim kho. Tsuas yog peb yam khoom siv los npaj cov khoom sib tov - xuab zeb, dej thiab cement. Thiab lawv raug hu ua kev txhim kho tsuas yog vim cov txheej txheem styling tshwj xeeb, uas yuav tau tham hauv qab no. Cov txheej txheem muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm kev txhim kho plaster yuav tsum muab rau kev qhia txog PVA kua nplaum, uas ua raws li kev sib txuas ntxiv ntawm cov cement puag thiab xuab zeb. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, cov khoom siv hauv paus yuav tsum yog cov khoom zoo. Cov xuab zeb tsim nyog, piv txwv li, yog mined los ntawm hauv av, thiab tsis ntxuav hauv dej. Qhov kev xaiv thib ob yog pheej yig dua, tab sis qhov no koj tsis tuaj yeem tau txais kev txhim kho tiag tiag. Tsis tas li ntawd, cement yuav tsum tsis txhob stale nyob rau hauv txias thiab ntub warehouses, tab sis qhuav thiab npaj txhij. Kev siv - nws raug pom zoo kom siv Portland cement M400 lossis M500.
Npaj cov tshuaj
Tseem muaj cov yam ntxwv hauv cov txheej txheem rau kev npaj cov tshuaj. Yog li, yog tias kev sib xyaw yooj yim tau npaj siv plaub ntu ntawm cov xuab zeb rau ib feem ntawm cov cement, tom qab ntawd hauv kev txhim kho cov kev daws teeb meem yuav yog 3: 1. Kev nce ntawm cov xuab zeb feem ntau, txawm li cas los xij, tau tso cai thaum cov kua qaub ntxiv rau cov tshuaj. PVA kua nplaum yuav tsum tau siv ntawm tus nqi ntawm 200 g ib 20 liv dej. Nrog kev tsim cov kua nplaum dej, kev npaj yuav tsum pib, nplawm nws kom huv si. Tom ntej no, lub hauv paus qhuav nrog cov cement thiab xuab zeb twb tau qhia. Tom qab kev sib xyaw ua ke nrog kev tsim khoom sib tov, yuav tsum tau txais kev txhim kho plaster nrog siab elasticity thiab ductility yam ntxwv. Hauv qee txoj kev, nws yuav zoo li cov roj hmab molten, tab sis tom qab ziab, cov nyhuv no yuav dhau mus thiab cov txheej txheem tenacious nrog cov qauv muaj zog yuav nyob twj ywm.
Ntawm ntawm gypsum compositions
Ib qho ntawm ntau yam ntawm kev txhim kho plaster sib tov, uas yog tau los ntawm kev hloov kho cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom. Raws li lub npe implies, qhov no yog tiav los ntawm kev qhia txog gypsum. Ua ntej, cov txheej txheem uas twb tau piav qhia rau kev tsim cov kua nplaum nplaum yog ua, tom qab ntawd gypsum ntxiv rau qhuav sib tov ntawm xuab zeb thiab cement. Qhov ntim ntawm cov tshuaj ntxiv no yuav txawv, tab sis nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, txoj cai hauv qab no tseem tshuav: qhov loj ntawm gypsum muab tub lim hloov tsuas yog ib feem ntawm cov cement, tab sis tsis xuab zeb. Ntawd yog, los ntawm kev faib ua feem ntawm cov cement tuaj yeem raug cais tawm20-30%, them nyiaj rau qhov tsis muaj plaster. Yog tias koj npaj yuav ua kom zoo dua plastering ntawm tus nqi tsawg, tab sis tsis muaj kev poob ntau hauv qhov zoo, ces koj tuaj yeem siv xws li kev sib xyaw ua ke. Gypsum interacts optimally nrog PVA, yog li qhov kev hloov ntawm cov cement yuav tsis pom zoo raws li cov txheej txheem kev zoo ntawm cov txheej, ib yam li cov ntaub ntawv nrog cov pa mortars.
Npaj ua haujlwm ua ntej daim ntawv thov
Siv cov tshuaj tsuas yog rau ntawm cov khoom siv, cov hauv paus uas tsis muaj qhov sib tsoo. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntej ntxuav cov txheej dhau los los yog tsis muaj zog, primers thiab xim txheej. Tom ntej no, ntsug deviations, uas yog, pits, raug kuaj. Nws yog ntshaw tias lub hom phiaj nto tsis muaj deviations nyob rau hauv qhov siab ntawm ntau tshaj 2 hli. Ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv kev npaj yog txau. Qhov no yog ib hom priming ntawm qhov chaw, uas txhim kho plaster nrog ib tug nplaum puag yuav siv tau. Cov tshuaj tsuag nws tus kheej yog npaj los ntawm xab npum thiab dej. Qhov tseeb, qhov no yog xab npum dej, uas yuav tsum tau maj mam moistened nrog ib tug ua hauj lwm nto ua ntej nteg lub plaster. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov tshuaj tsuag yuav tsum tsis txhob tawm hauv ib qho chaw qhuav. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los sau cov kab nrib pleb me me thiab qhov, yog li qhov muaj qhov tsis xws luag hauv qhov qhib tuaj yeem tsim kev pheej hmoo rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov txheej tshiab.
Txhim kho cov cuab yeej plaster
Txiav yog siv ob theem - los ntawm kev ua lub hauv paus thiab npog. Lub hauv paus yog siv los ua primer. Rauthov cov huab hwm coj, koj tuaj yeem siv lub trowel, ua haujlwm ncig ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm 150 degrees txheeb ze rau qhov chaw ua haujlwm. Lub thickness ntawm lub hauv paus txheej yog 15-20 hli. Raws li rau txheej txheej, rau qee qhov no yog txheej txheej tiav, thaum qhov tseeb yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb. Cov txheej no yuav muaj qhov siab txog li 10 hli, uas yog, tag nrho cov tuab ntawm kev txhim kho plaster yuav yog 25-30 hli. Cov txheej yog thov nrog ib tug grater, txhuam los yog trowel. Lub luag haujlwm siab ntawm theem no yog vim qhov tseeb tias tus neeg ua yeeb yam yuav tsum muaj sijhawm los ua grouting thiab leveling txheej raws sijhawm. Rau qhov no, lub thoob cua tuaj yeem siv tau - ib qho cuab yeej cuab tam rau kev tso cov plaster sib tov zoo.
Qhov twg yog qhov tsim nyog los siv cov plaster zoo dua?
Txhim kho mortar rau plaster, nrog rau tag nrho nws qhov zoo, muaj ntau yam kev txwv rau nws siv. Ua ntej, qhov sib tov yog kim kim vim yog siv cov khoom tseem ceeb zoo thiab ntxiv cov khoom siv nplaum, tsis txhob hais txog kev hloov pauv tau. Qhov thib ob, lub xub ntiag ntawm PVA kua nplaum, ntxiv rau cov txiaj ntsig zoo, kuj tseem ua rau qhov tsis zoo - ib puag ncig kev phooj ywg ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw yog txo, uas yog qhov cuam tshuam rau kev siv cov kev daws teeb meem hauv cov menyuam yaus chav, chav pw, thiab lwm yam. craftsmen hauv tsev tuaj yeem pom zoo cov khoom sib tov rau sab nraum zoov kho kom zoo nkauj. Qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yuav yog kev txhim kho plastering ntawm phab ntsa ntawm facade. Cov yam ntxwv kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov muaj pes tsawg leeg yuav tiv thaiv lub tsev los ntawm climatic influences, nrog rau kev tiv thaiv lub hauv paus ntawm cib los yog pob zeb nto los ntawm txhua yam.puas.
Zoo kawg
Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, cov khoom sib xyaw no tuaj yeem hu ua kev txhim kho tsuas yog nrog qee qhov tshwj xeeb. Yog li ntawd, ua ntej txiav txim siab hloov mus rau hom kev ua tiav, koj yuav tsum xav txog vim li cas nws thiaj li tsis tuaj yeem siv cov pa coatings. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev txhim kho plaster nyob rau hauv lub siab dav kuj tuaj yeem txhim kho cov kev daws teeb meem hauv lub hauv paus tivthaiv. Lwm cov khoom xyaw ntuj tuaj yeem siv los txhim kho qee yam kev ua tau zoo. Cov kws tshaj lij plasterers, tshwj xeeb, tsis tu ncua sim nrog kev ntxiv tib lub txiv qaub thiab gypsum nyob rau hauv sib txawv proportions.
