Tin- thiab txhuas-raws li solders tau siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev lag luam rau ntau xyoo lawm. Tab sis nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, feem ntawm lawv cov kev siv tau txo qis. Lawv tau hloov los ntawm cov hlau lead-dawb solders. Txawm li cas los xij, tin tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv lawv cov khoom xyaw. Tab sis cov ntsiab lus txhuas raug txo kom xoom (li no lub npe).
Kev cai lij choj pib lossis kev hloov pauv ntawm lub sijhawm
Vim li cas tam sim no cov hlau tsis muaj txhuas tau noj sai heev los ntawm cov qauv tsim? Qhov tseeb yog tias European Union Cov Lus Qhia "Rau qhov txwv tsis pub siv cov khoom siv phom sij" (tsim nyob rau xyoo 2003 thiab nkag mus rau hauv kev siv zog thaum Lub Xya Hli 1, 2006) yuav tsum txwv kev siv cov hmoov lead (thiab tsib lwm yam khoom) hauv kev tsim khoom. khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob. Qhov no yog vim qhov kev xav tau ntawm ib puag ncig kev nyab xeeb thiab tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv. Thiab txhuas belongs rau pawg ntawm cov hlau hnyav, thiab nws cov vapors yog cov tshuaj lom heev.
Txawm tias cov neeg koom nrog ntawm POS-40 ib txwm siv yuav tsum tsis txhob chim. Nws tseem tsim thiab muag niaj hnub no. Hauv ntau lub tebchaws, tin-lead solders yog siv hauv kev thauj mus los, tub rog thiab kev lag luam aerospace.
Ntse thiab cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj hlau lead
Qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw no yog kev nyab xeeb ib puag ncig. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom siv thiab cov tshuab ua nrog lawv siv tau yooj yim dua pov tseg.
Technological feature ntawm cov solders yog ib qho ntxiv melting point. Qhov nruab nrab, nws yog 50 ⁰С siab dua li cov tin-lead analogues. Qhov no me ntsis nyuaj rau cov txheej txheem soldering thiab ua rau kom cov kev xav tau ntawm cov cuab yeej siv.
Raws li kev faib tawm feem ntau, cov khoom sib xyaw no yog cov muag muag muag. Lub zog tensile tsis tshaj 100 MPa.
Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua tsis tau nco ntsoov xws li ib tug tseem ceeb yam ntxwv ntawm cov solders li high hluav taws xob conductivity.
Ntau yam
Rau cov hlau lead-dawb soldering hnub no, plaub yam tseem ceeb ntawm cov solders yog siv, uas muaj xws li:
- tsuas yog los ntawm tin (Sn);
- ntawm tin thiab tooj liab (SnCu);
- ntawm tin thiab nyiaj (SnAg);
- ntawm tin, nyiaj thiab tooj liab (SnAgCu).
Qhov kawg muaj pes tsawg leeg yog feem ntau siv rau soldering vim tus nqi sib npaug / zoo piv. Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg yog, ntawm chav kawm, tin. Cov feem pua ntawm lwm cov khoom xyaw sib txawv nyob rau hauv ntau qhov kev txwv thiab nyob ntawm lub hom ntawm solder thiab nws daim ntawv thov.
Tin solder (Sn-100) yog siv tsis tshua muaj, vim nws muaj qhov siab tshaj plaws melting point (232 ⁰С). Txawm li cas los xij, lub tuam txhab Nyij Pooj paub zoo Nihon Superior tso nws ua ib qho zoo tshaj plaws tsis muaj cov hlau lead.
Tseem muaj cov qauv tshwj xeeb uas muaj bismuth thiab indium. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tau tsim los rau cov hom phiaj tshwj xeeb thiab tsis tshua muaj muag hauv kev muag khoom dawb.
tooj liab-muaj solders
Ib qho tshwj xeeb Sn99 / 3Cu0.7 solder (nrog 0.7% tooj liab cov ntsiab lus) yog tsim los rau automated yoj soldering ntawm cov ntawv luam tawm hauv lub hoobkas. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg no suav nrog qhov tsis tshua muaj zog ntawm kev sib koom ua ke. Raws li POM-07 Performance index, nws yog tsim los ntawm Lavxias teb sab Solder cog (Novosibirsk). Ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom txawv teb chaws ntawm hom solder no, nto moo tshaj plaws yog Asahi (Singapore), Wyctin B&C (Tuam Tshoj) thiab Tamington (USA).
Sn97Cu3 solder (nrog rau tooj liab cov ntsiab lus ntawm 3%) yog siv rau soldering ntau yam khoom uas ua los ntawm tooj liab (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov kav dej haus), tooj dag, npib tsib xee, hlau thiab alloys raws li lawv. Seams ua los ntawm cov khoom siv no tau ua kom sov thiab txias ua haujlwm. Cov neeg muag khoom tseem ceeb ntawm hom solder no nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab lag luam yog German manufacturers Rothenberger thiab Brazetec. Ntawm cov tuam txhab tsim khoom hauv tsev, cov khoom no yog tsim los ntawm Skat (St. Petersburg).
Silver-muaj solders
Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov nyiaj rau cov hlau tsis muaj hlau lead ua rau lawv cov fluidity thiab adhesion rau cov ntsiab lus kom koom nrog. Ntxiv mus, qhov ntau dua qhov feem pua ntawm cov nyiaj nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg, qhov siab dua cov ntsuas no (tus nqi, ntawm chav kawm, kuj nce). Niaj hnub no, manufacturers muab solders nrog ib feem puatin / nyiaj: 97/3, 96, 5/3, 5 (qhov nrov tshaj plaws thiab feem ntau siv piv), 96/4 thiab 95/5. Lub melting point ntawm xws li compositions (221 ⁰С) yog qis dua cov khoom uas muaj tooj liab. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv txawv los ntawm kev ntseeg siab ntawm kev sib txuas (nrog rau lawv cov kev pab), thiab nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm lub zog lawv txawm tshaj cov hlau lead-muaj solders. Cov khoom lag luam uas nthuav dav tshaj plaws ntawm kev lag luam Lavxias yog cov khoom lag luam ntawm German tuam txhab Felder thiab Asmeskas Kester.
Peb cov khoom muag
Dab tsi yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv hauv xov tooj cua tam sim no ntawm cov lag luam niaj hnub (nrog rau ntau tus ua-nws-koj tus kheej)? Peb cov khoom SnAgCu solders. Nws yog qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg uas sib xyaw ua ke tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov khoom tsis muaj hlau lead, muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo, tsis tshua muaj melting point (217 ⁰С) thiab tus nqi zoo / zoo piv.
Qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm kev tshawb fawb txog qhov piv ntawm cov khoom tau ua rau qee lub sijhawm. Txog rau tam sim no, cov ntsiab lus zoo (ob leeg raws li cov neeg tsim khoom thiab kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm ntau tus neeg siv khoom) suav tias yog cov ntsiab lus hauv cov khoom siv xws li 95.5% tin, 3.8% nyiaj thiab 0.7% tooj liab (Sn95 / 5Ag3 / 8Cu0, 7). Nws yog dav siv hauv kev lag luam rau kev tsim cov khoom siv hauv xov tooj cua thiab hluav taws xob engineering. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog qhov yooj yim heev los ua haujlwm nrog nws hauv tsev. Zoo heev, xws li cov solders tiv nrog cov qub, hnyav oxidized qhov chaw. Nyob rau hauv Russia, cov khoom ntawm nto moo German chaw tsim tshuaj paus Stannol yog cov nyiam tshaj plaws.
Technology ntarations
Technology rau kev tsim cov haujlwm siv cov hlau lead-dawb solders yog xyaum tsis txawv ntawm soldering nrog cov khoom siv. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ob peb yam uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov.
Hais rau lo lus nug ntawm dab tsi lawv solder nrog, cov lus teb yog unambiguous: nrog ib tug soldering hlau. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv cov cuab yeej nrog lub ntsuas sov. Qhov no yuav tso cai rau kev ua haujlwm ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv qhov ntsuas kub ua haujlwm tau teev tseg los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom. Thiab nws tsawg dua li cov qauv siv lead ua.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj cua sov ntawm qhov chaw thiab txo qis kev sib cuag nrog thermal, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xaiv qhov zoo ntawm cov hlau taub hau. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov tias qhov zoo tib yam tooj liab taub yuav kav ntev (thaum siv cov solders) rau lub sijhawm luv luv. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb steel-coated lossis chrome-nickel-coated.
Kev xaiv ntawm flux kuj tseem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb thaum ua haujlwm nrog cov hlau tsis muaj hlau lead. Feem ntau, cov formulations tshwj xeeb yog siv rau qhov no (feem ntau yog tshuaj lom neeg ntau dua). Cov kua dej yooj yim tshaj plaws, gels thiab pastes uas tsis tas yuav tsum tau ntxuav tom qab ntawm qhov chaw soldering.
Txwv tsis pub txhua yam yog li qub:
- kub cov hlau soldering kom qhov kub thiab txias;
- yog tias tsim nyog, ntxuav cov ntsiab lus soldering;
- apply flux;
- ib txhij siv ib lub bar ntawm solder thiab ib tug soldering hlau taub rau lub hlws ris ntawm lub ntsiab;
- cia cov ntsiab lus soldered txias lawm.
In xaus
Yog koj tsis tiagYog tias koj xav txog kev noj qab haus huv (rau koj tus kheej thiab cov neeg koj hlub), koj tuaj yeem siv cov khoom pheej yig thiab pheej yig POS-40 los kho koj lub lauj kaub kas fes nyiam. Txawm li cas los xij, los ntawm kev siv nyiaj me ntsis ntxiv rau cov khoom siv nyab xeeb, koj yuav txuag tau ntau yam tshuaj rau yav tom ntej, thiab tej zaum tseem ua rau koj lub neej expectancy. Lawm, qhov kev xaiv kawg yog koj li.
