Niaj hnub no, muaj ntau yam txheej hauv pem teb. Txhua tus ntawm lawv muaj nws tus kheej zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo, tab sis nws yog lub laminated board uas rightfully siv nws qhov chaw nyob rau hauv no niche. Laminate yog xaiv los ntawm cov neeg uas txaus siab rau qhov zoo thiab kav ntev ntawm cov ntoo txheej ntawm tus nqi pheej yig. Ntxiv mus, hom laminate thiab tus nqi yuav txaus siab txawm tias cov neeg siv khoom xav tau tshaj plaws.
Dab tsi yog laminate flooring
Nws yog cov khoom lag luam ntau txheej, feem ntau suav nrog sawdust thiab shavings (90% ntawm qhov nruab nrab). Thiab tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi ntawm laminate muaj, hauv paus, cov tuam txhab siv plaub txheej ntau lawm:
- Thawj txheej (qhov qis tshaj) yog impregnated ntawv lossis cardboard. Ntxiv mus, lub impregnation yuav ua tau los ntawm resin los yog paraffin. Qhov no tiv thaiv lub rooj tsavxwm los ntawm ya raws, pwm lossis pwm, thiab warping.
- Qhov thib ob lossis txheej txheej tseem ceeb yog tsim los ntawm sawdust lossis shavings los ntawm kev nias hauv siab. Thaum lub sij hawm nias, ib qho tshwj xeeb High Density Flag (HDF) nplaum yog siv. ATQhov tshwm sim yog lub phaj nrog nce ceev, elasticity thiab lub zog. Qhov zoo ntawm laminate xauv ncaj qha nyob ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov txheej no, vim nws raug txiav tawm hauv nws.
- Tom ntej los ntawm cov txheej txheem zoo nkauj. Nws yog tsim los ntawm daim ntawv los yog ntau yam polymers. Tsuas yog cov tsos ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm nyob ntawm cov txheej txheem no: kos duab thiab xim.
- Txheej kawg yog laminated zaj duab xis ntawm acrylate los yog melamine resin. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm txheej txheej no yog kev tiv thaiv los ntawm kev cuam tshuam sab nraud. Tsis tas li, cov chaw tsim khoom tuaj yeem muab kev pab rau txheej txheej no.
Type of laminate flooring
Muaj ob yam tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom no: thaj chaw thiab kev lag luam laminate. Tab sis nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev dav dav, cov flooring no tau muab faib ua:
- Thickness, shape and size.
- Xov xwm.
- Abrasion chav kawm.
- Eco-qib.
- khoom ntom.
- Laminate nto tsim.
Ib qho tseem ceeb: tsis hais hom laminate, nyob twj ywm tsis hloov:
- Kev npaj hauv pem teb.
- Cov cai yooj yim rau kev tso thiab saib xyuas cov laminate flooring.
Lub neej kev pabcuam ntawm cov khoom tom qab kev teeb tsa ncaj qha nyob ntawm cov yam ntxwv no.
Shape and size
Ntau lub tuam txhab, txhawm rau nyiam cov neeg yuav khoom ntau npaum li qhov ua tau, tsim tag nrho cov khoom sau ntawm no laminated flooring, uas txawv:
Cov duab. Muaj ob lub ntsiab ntawm laminate: classic plank thiab pobzeb laminate. Ntxiv mus, thawj yog characterized los ntawm ib tug yooj yimstyling, thiab cov duab plaub tso cai rau koj los tsim ntau yam kev sib xyaw
- Muaj tsuas yog tsis muaj qhov loj me rau lub laminate hais txog qhov ntev thiab qhov dav ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm. Txhua tus neeg tsim khoom tsim nws tus kheej qhov tseem ceeb, uas yuav txawv nyob ntawm qhov khoom sau.
- Lub thickness ntawm cov laug cam tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm 6 mus rau 12 hli. Qhov ntsuas no ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau kev hnav tsis kam, suab thiab cua sov rwb thaiv tsev. Thiab qhov ntau qhov zoo.
Yam xauv
Tus tsim ntawm tag nrho ntau yam ntawm laminate interlocks uas muaj nyob niaj hnub no tsuas yog ob lub tshuab:
- Lock type lock systems (lawv tseem hu ua tus nplaig-thiab-groove locks). Thawj qhov kev kaw haujlwm uas tau tsim tshwj xeeb rau parquet thiab laminate flooring hauv xyoo 1994. Nws yog ib qho kev sib txuas thorn-groove, uas yog, txhua lub rooj tsavxwm muaj qhov chaw so ntawm ib sab, thiab ib qho kev sib tw ntawm lwm qhov, ua tiav cov duab ntawm qhov chaw so. Kev teeb tsa yog ua los ntawm kev tsav tsheb ib lub rooj tsavxwm mus rau lwm qhov. Qhov tsis zoo tseem ceeb suav nrog: qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo hauv pem teb yog nce, kev sib dhos yog qhov nyuaj, thaum lub sij hawm dismantling muaj qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau kev cuam tshuam, kev ua haujlwm ntev yog tsawg.
- Lub kaw lus Nyem yog hom kev sib txuas tseem ceeb dua niaj hnub no. Tib txoj cai, tab sis "pos" yog ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug nuv thiab snaps rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm 40-45 degrees. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj qhov kev sib txuas yav dhau los hauv kev muaj koob meej vim kev txhim kho kev sib dhos / disassembly ntawm lub laminate thiab lub zog ntawm cov xauv.
T-Lock, MegaLock, Click2Click thiab UniClic locks kuj tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv, uas, qhov tseeb, tau ua ke lossis txhim kho cov qauv ntawm ob lub tshuab.
Thaum xaiv lub xauv, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau xyuam xim rau qhov ntev ntawm lub xauv: qhov ntev, qhov kev ntseeg tau ntau dua, thiab qhov kev pab cuam lub neej.
Nyob hoob
Hom laminate thiab cov yam ntxwv kuj tau txiav txim siab los ntawm cov chav kawm, uas yuav siv sij hawm rau hauv tus account qhov tsis kam ntawm cov khoom rau sab nrauv influences nyob rau hauv txawv kev khiav hauj lwm tej yam kev mob. Laminate tau muab faib ua cov chav kawm raws li European tus qauv, yog li cov tuam ntxhab los ntawm lwm lub tebchaws tuaj yeem muaj lawv tus kheej cov chav kawm uas txawv ntawm cov qauv European. Tam sim no muaj plaub chav hnav khaub ncaws:
- qib 31. Nws hloov cov pawg los ntawm 21st mus rau 23rd, uas tsis tau tsim tawm tam sim no. Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv cov chaw uas tsis tshua muaj tsheb khiav, feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub los yog nyob rau hauv me me chaw ua hauj lwm. Tus nqi pib los ntawm 400 rubles. rau m2.
- qib 32. Kev lag luam kev xaiv rau cov chaw uas muaj tsheb nruab nrab. Lub neej kev pab cuam nyob rau hauv domestic tej yam kev mob yog 10-15 xyoo (nyob ntawm seb cov chaw tsim tshuaj paus), nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm - tsis ntau tshaj tsib xyoos. Nws yog qhov xav tau zoo vim yog tus nqi-zoo piv (tus nqi nruab nrab: 700 - 1400 rubles ib sq. m).
- qib 33. Txog thaum tsis ntev los no, pawg no yog cov feem ntau abrasion-resistant ntawm txhua hom laminate flooring. Haum rau sab hauv tsev thiab chaw tsheb loj xws li tsev so,tsev noj mov, khw thiab lwm yam. Lub neej kev pab cuam nyob rau hauv domestic tej yam kev mob yog ntau tshaj nees nkaum xyoo, nyob rau hauv kev lag luam tej yam kev mob - ntau tshaj rau xyoo. Ib square meter ntawm cov kev pab them nqi no yuav raug nqi tsawg kawg yog ib txhiab rubles.
- qib 34. Tam sim no, feem ntau hnav-resistant hom laminate rau chav nrog ultra-siab tsheb thiab thauj khoom. Piv txwv li, hauv gyms, tsheb muag khoom lossis tshav dav hlau. Nws tsis tshua muaj siv nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub, feem ntau yog vim tus nqi siab (los ntawm 1,400 rubles), tab sis cov tuam ntxhab muab lub neej lav rau qhov chaw zoo li no.
Sustainable
Muaj kev xav tias laminate yog ib yam khoom tsis zoo rau ib puag ncig, vim nws muaj pes tsawg leeg (los yog qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg thiab lub ntsiab) muaj cov khoom tsis zoo rau tib neeg: formaldehyde thiab phthalate. Tseeb, qhov no yog qhov tseeb, thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj no hu rau cov lus nug txog kev siv laminate, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub. Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom tsim kev puas tsuaj rau tib neeg yog siv los tsim cov khoom siv niaj hnub no: cov khoom sib xyaw qhuav, rooj tog zaum, qhov rooj thiab txawm tias wallpaper. Tab sis nrog kev siv thiab kev ua haujlwm kom raug, cov tshuaj no tsis ua mob rau: piv txwv li, formaldehyde muaj nyob rau hauv lub laminate pib tso tawm tsuas yog thaum rhuab saum 30 degrees Celsius (tsuas yog siv rau cov khoom muaj ntawv pov thawj).
Nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg tus co toxins, txhua hom laminate tau muab cov chav kawm ib puag ncig (emissions), raws li European qauv:
- E0 yog cov chav kawm zoo ib puag ncig uas muaj qhov tsawg kawg nkaus (yuav luag xoom) cov co toxins. Tab sis ua tsaug rau qhov no, nws muaj qhov siabnqi.
- E1 kuj yog ib pawg laminate zoo. Cov ntsiab lus formaldehyde tsis tshaj qhov concentration ntawm cov tshuaj no hauv cov ntoo ntuj (uas yog vim li cas ntoo muaj nws tus kheej tsis hnov tsw).
- E2, E3 - cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj phem yog 3-6 npaug ntau dua li cov chav kawm dhau los. Laminate nrog cov emission no tsis pom zoo rau kev siv hauv tsev.
khoom ntom
Ib qho tseem ceeb heev thaum xaiv lub laminate, uas tsis yog tsuas yog lub zog ntawm cov khoom mus rau lub load, tab sis kuj nws cov dej tsis kam thiab lub zog ntawm cov xauv. Thiab qee zaum, hom laminate nto nyob ntawm txoj kev gluing. Qhov ntom ntawm cov khoom yog tiav los ntawm gluing tag nrho cov txheej ntawm laminate nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev. Muaj ntau ntau yam ntawm lawv, qee qhov zoo ib yam, tab sis cia peb tsom mus rau ob ntawm lawv, ntau dua li lwm tus siv los ntawm cov tuam txhab:
- DPL direct pressure technology. Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov loj npaum li cas ntawm laminated txheej. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm txoj kev no yog nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb hais tias tag nrho cov txheej ntawm laminate yog nias nyob rau hauv ib tug txheej txheem thev naus laus zis, uas ua rau ib tug tsawg-density board. Xws li lub laminate tsis pom zoo kom raug rau cov khoom hnyav, vim tias cov txheej sab saud thiab qis, tsis tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov no, yuav tsim kua muag.
- HPL high pressure technology. Nias yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ob peb theem: ua ntej, lub sab saum toj txheej yog nias (dej daim ntawv, ob peb txheej ntawm kraft ntawv thiab ib tug tiv thaiv txheej), ces lub resulting sab saum toj txheej, puag thiab qis compensating txheej yog glued ua ke. Cov khoom yog lub zog siab thiab muaj peev xwm tiv taus lojload.
Tsim
Hom laminate flooring muaj ntau yam raws li qhov kev xav ntawm cov neeg tsim qauv thiab cov kws kos duab uas tuaj nrog lawv. Qhov saum npoo ntawm cov khoom laminated txawv tsis tsuas yog xim thiab ntau yam imitations, tab sis kuj tuaj yeem txawv kiag li: piv txwv li, tus tsim laminate nrog cov nyhuv 3D lossis cov khoom lag luam nrog cov qauv paub daws teeb meem.
Muaj ntau yam:
- ntoo npog.
- Ceramic vuas.
- Leather thiab hlau.
Ntxiv rau, qhov saum npoo ntawm laminate tuaj yeem yog:
- Txoj kev laus.
- Nrog ib qho kev nyem thiab qauv.
- Glossy los yog waxed.
- Matte los yog roj.
Laminate ntawm phab ntsa
Rau lub sijhawm ntev, laminate flooring yog tshwj xeeb rau hauv pem teb. Tab sis cov chav kawm ntawm kev xav tsim tsis nyob twj ywm, thiab tam sim no cov khoom no tuaj yeem pom tsis tsuas yog ntawm phab ntsa, tab sis kuj nyob ntawm lub qab nthab. Qhov no tau dhau los ua qhov dav vim qhov tshwm sim ntawm ntau hom kev tsim laminate. Los ntawm kev tso cov laug cam rau ntawm phab ntsa lossis qab nthab, koj tuaj yeem hais qhia lossis zais qee cov ntsiab lus, coj coziness thiab sov so rau hauv chav. Hauv pem teb uas sib xyaw ua ke rau hauv phab ntsa yog qhov zoo nkauj xwb.
Tab sis tsis txhob nrhiav tshwj xeeb panels hauv khw, vim tsis muaj xws li hom laminate rau phab ntsa. Txhua yam khoom yuav ua. Ntxiv mus, cov txheej txheem xaiv yuav raug txo kom tsawg, txij li lub laminate nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yuav tsis raug raumechanical stress.
Muaj ob txoj hauv kev txhim khu kev qha rau mount panels rau ntawm phab ntsa thiab qab nthab:
- Thawj qhov kev xaiv yog mounting rau phab ntsa nrog kua nplaum. Txoj kev no yooj yim heev rau nruab, tab sis yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo npaj ntawm phab ntsa lossis qab nthab. Lub dav hlau tiaj tus ua lub luag haujlwm txiav txim siab rau qhov kev daws teeb meem no.
- Wireframe method. Rau xws li mounting systems, nto leveling yog tsis yuav tsum tau; nws yog txaus los teem lub thav duab nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv theem. Sheathing nrog laminate tshwm sim tib yam li sheathing, nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv zoo sib xws: clapboard lossis MDF panels.
substrate
Nws yog ib qho khoom siv tsis tau thaum tso cov khoom hauv ib txoj hauv kev, suav nrog laminate. Cov hauv qab no nyob ntawm seb hom substrate:
- Kub thiab suab rwb thaiv tsev (nyob ntawm cov khoom siv substrate).
- Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg.
- Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov hauv qab, qhov tsis sib xws me me ntawm cov av hauv pem teb tuaj yeem ua kom du.
Txawm li cas los xij ntawm lub substrate, yob, ntawv lossis hauv daim ntawv ntawm accordion, qhov tseem ceeb hauv nws yog cov khoom siv:
- Foamed polyethylene yog qhov pheej yig tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom siv substrate, thiab nws tseem yog lub neej luv luv. Tom qab ob peb xyoos ntawm kev ua haujlwm, cov khoom siv yuav sag, thiab nrog nws tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov substrate yuav ploj mus.
- Nkauj. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv yob thiab ntawv. Nws muaj ntau yam zoo: tiv thaiv kev lwj, kev ua haujlwm ntev, kev ua haujlwm zoo hauv lub suab thiab cua sov.
- Extruded polystyrene ua npuas ncauj rov qab,muaj qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev ua haujlwm load. Cov khoom tsis raug rau condensation thiab tsis poob nws elasticity ntev. Tus nqi zoo heev.
- Coniferous substrate muaj qib siab ntawm ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg, thiab tseem muab kev sib pauv huab cua ib nrab. Cov kev cai rho tawm ntawm cov khoom no yog tus nqi siab thiab tsis tshua muaj elasticity.
- Tseem muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov substrates. Lawv yog ob txheej ntawm polyethylene, nruab nrab ntawm uas muaj cov pob polystyrene.
Txawm li cas los xij koj xaiv, nco ntsoov - lub neej kev pabcuam ntawm lub laminate, ntxiv rau qhov zoo ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm nws tus kheej, kuj ncaj qha nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov chaw, kev teeb tsa kom raug thiab hom khoom siv (substrate). Nws yog peb yam khoom no uas txiav txim siab ntev npaum li cas lub laminated nto yuav khaws nws cov tsos thiab cov khoom.
