Cov av noo siab yog tus yeeb ncuab tseem ceeb ntawm feem ntau cov chaw lossis cov qauv. Tib neeg tau niaj hnub ua kev tawm tsam tsis pom nrog nws thoob plaws lub sijhawm ntawm nws lub neej. Thiab nws tau ntev tau ua pov thawj tias hydrophobic txheej copes zoo nrog nws. Niaj hnub no muaj ntau ntau, thiab lawv ncaj ncees ua pov thawj lawv txoj cai siv.
Dab tsi yog txheej txheej hydrophobic
Y Hydrophobic txheej yog cov nyhuv ntawm cov dej tsis ntub ntawm qhov chaw uas nws siv: cib, pob zeb, iav, pob zeb, gypsum thiab lwm yam. Ntxiv mus, ua tsaug rau nws, qhov kho qhov chaw yog ntau resistant rau corrosive txheej txheem los yog tsawg kub. Uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov pob zeb ua vaj tse los yog cov pob zeb ua vaj tse.
Hydrophobic txheej yog cov khoom siv niaj hnub kho txhua qhov chaw. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb thiab txoj hauj lwm yog los tiv thaiv nws, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, los ntawm kev puas tsuaj los ntawm noo noo. Muaj raws li cov tshuaj tsuag los yog kua. Yog li tsis txhobkoj yuav tsum muaj kev txawj tshwj xeeb lossis koom nrog tus kws tshaj lij los siv nws. Ua-nws-koj tus kheej hydrophobic txheej tuaj yeem siv rau txhua qhov chaw, ua raws li cov lus qhia rau kev siv.
Scope ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dej
Hydrophobic txheej yog siv los ua cov khoom tiav hauv cov chaw tsim khoom nrog qhib warehouses, kom txo tau nws cov dej nqus, ua kom kub tsis kam lossis Frost tsis kam. Thiab tseem ua ntej thauj nws los ntawm cov warehouses. Rau kev tiv thaiv corrosion ntawm lub tsheb lub cev lossis lwm qhov chaw ua los ntawm cov hlau. Tsis tas li ntawd txhawm rau khaws cov xim pleev xim ntawm lub tsheb. Txhawm rau ntxiv dag zog thiab tiv thaiv pob zeb, pob zeb thiab lwm yam khoom siv los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm huab cua hloov pauv thiab kub hloov ntawm lawv qhov chaw, nrog rau cov av noo siab.
Yuav ua li cas tus neeg sawv cev hydrophobic ua haujlwm
Txhua txheej txheej hydrophobic muaj cov khoom ua kom nquag plias, uas, cuam tshuam nrog rau saum npoo, tsim cov txheej nyias nyias - zaj duab xis. Nws yog nws uas tiv thaiv kev nkag mus ntawm cov dej noo los ntawm nws tus kheej, tsim ib hom kev tiv thaiv corrosion. Cov txheej no tuaj yeem ua cov ntaub ntawv, hlau, iav, txawm tias nyob rau hauv huab cua phem heev, txuas ntxiv lawv lub neej kev pabcuam. Cov kab ntawm cov tshuaj hydrophobic tshiab thiab niaj hnub no suav nrog:
- Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg;
- Teflon txheej;
- silicon-raws li organics;
- corrosion nrog inhibitorssilicone;
Muaj cov qauv tshwj xeeb thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg, cov txheej txheem hydrophobic tuaj yeem nkag mus tob rau hauv cov pores ntawm qhov chaw, thaum tsim cov txheej nyias nyias los ntawm crystallization.
Hom khoom siv hydrophobic
Tag nrho cov khoom ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dej yog muab faib ua plaub hom:
- varnishes;
- impregnation;
- xim tshwj xeeb;
- stains.
Varnishes yog siv los kho thiab tiv thaiv cov ntoo ntawm qhov chaw ntawm kev puas tsuaj, lwj thiab lwm yam kev puas tsuaj, lawv tau tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv tsis pleev xim, uas yog, tsis muaj xim. Nyob rau saum npoo yooj yim, kev pab cuam lub neej yog ntev heev. Cov xim pleev xim rau saum npoo ua kom ntxim nyiam thiab ci iab. Cov txheej txheem txheej txheem yuav siv nyob rau hauv ob theem: kev npaj nto thiab txheej txheem ntawm kev siv cov khoom.
Kev tsis haum xeeb. Lawv yog siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm txoj kev ntawm terraces los yog erection ntawm lub tsev phab ntsa. Cov khoom siv yog siv ob qho tib si thaum tso thiab thaum nws ua tiav. Kev siv impregnations yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog zoo rau cov ntxeem tau nto, qhov twg, raws li txoj cai, dej nkag mus, uas tom qab ntawd ua rau ib tug deterioration nyob rau hauv ob qho tag nrho cov tsos ntawm nto thiab nws cov yam ntxwv ntawm nws tus kheej.
Stains. Lub hauv paus ntawm cov khoom no yog ziab roj, uas muaj qhov tshwj xeeb zoo ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov ntoo saum npoo thiab zoo kawg nkaus absorbed los ntawm lub tom kawg. Thov los ntawm cov menyuam, txhuam los yog tshuaj tsuag.
xim tshwj xeeb. Yog siv rau txhua hom phab ntsa. Cov khoom yog ib qho yooj yim mus thov raucov khoom siv, tsis muaj ntxhiab, noo noo resistant thiab huv si, vapor permeable thiab economical. Xim yooj yim nteg rau ntawm qhov chaw ntub dej. Tom qab ziab, nws dhau los ua kev tiv thaiv zoo heev tiv thaiv cov av noo thiab nws cov teebmeem.
Hydrophobic tus neeg saib xyuas thiab tsheb
Hydrophobic txheej rau lub tsheb tuaj yeem yuav ntawm yuav luag txhua lub khw pib. Lub cev kho nrog cov tshuaj no yuav tiv thaiv nws los ntawm corrosion los yog lwm yam khoom paug rau ntau xyoo, nws zoo kawg nkaus tiv thaiv cov xim pleev xim thiab tiv thaiv khawb ntawm nws qhov chaw. Yog tias koj siv cov txheej hydrophobic nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes los ntawm polishing cov hlau ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm lub tsheb, qhov no yuav ua rau lub neej ntawm lub tsheb tag nrho.
Tam sim no cov nyiaj no raug muag ntau hom. Niaj hnub nimno hydrophobic coatings rau tsheb yog tsis muaj tshuaj lom thiab indifferent. Thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws - lawv muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv tau qhov chaw kho los ntawm kev puas tsuaj vim cov av noo siab. Hydrophobic txheej rau lub qhov rais tsheb muaj qhov tshwj xeeb dej-tiv thaiv cov nyhuv. Thiab qhov no yog kev nyab xeeb tsav tsheb thaum nag los nag hnyav.
Waterproof pob zeb nrog additives
Raws li koj paub, pob zeb yog cov khoom siv uas muaj cov dej nqus dej siab, yog li nws raug pom zoo kom ua ntxiv thiab tshwj xeeb rau nws. Tom qab tag nrho, noo noo uas nkag mus rau hauv nws qhov chaw yuav tsis tsuas yog ua rau poob ntawm lub hauv paus, tab sis kuj ua rau kev puas tsuaj rau nws txoj kev ncaj ncees. Feem ntau hydrophobic txheej raupob zeb siv rau nws qhov chaw tuaj yeem tiv thaiv nws los ntawm qhov xwm txheej no. Tab sis qee zaum, qhov no tsis txaus, thiab yuav tsum tau hloov cov qauv ntawm cov khoom siv txhawm rau txo qis qhov porosity, ua kom nws ruaj khov dua.
Qhov zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dej
Qhov tseem ceeb thiab tsis lees paub qhov zoo ntawm cov tshuaj no yog:
- Yooj yim tuav cov khoom xws li pob zeb. Hauv cov qauv tsim tiav, lawv yuav luag tsis pom.
- Thaum cov txheej txheem crystallization, lub teeb zaj duab xis yog tsim uas tuaj yeem hla huab cua.
- Tsis muaj tshuaj lom thiab tsis muaj tshuaj phem rau tib neeg noj qab haus huv, tsis txhob ua phem rau ib puag ncig.
- Kev ua lub tsev facades nrog cov khoom no ua rau lawv lub neej kev pabcuam ntev.
Nco ntsoov tias txhawm rau ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig xav tau los ntawm cov tshuaj tua dej, koj yuav tsum tau ua kom raug thiab txawj coj mus rau hauv tus account lub nuance: txhua qhov chaw uas yuav kho nrog lawv muaj nws cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb. Thiab rau qhov no nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv cov lus qhia ntawm tus neeg muaj peev xwm, lossis muab qhov teeb meem no rau tus kws tshaj lij. Nrog rau txoj hauv kev zoo thiab kev xaiv kom raug, qhov chaw thiab cov txheej txheem kho nrog nws yuav pab tau koj ntau xyoo.
Hydrophobic compounds hauv phab ntsa waterproofing
Txij li thaum lub tsev tsim kho thiab kev tsim kho ntawm cov qauv pib tsim, ib qho ntawm lawv cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog lub ru tsev. Lub ru tsev txhim khu kev qha yog lub cim ntawm kev tiv thaiv lub tsev. Thiab peb yuav tsum lees hais tias nws yog nws uas yog feem ntau raug rau ntuj thiab kub loads. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav tsum taukev saib xyuas ntxiv thiab kev ua haujlwm. Yog tias koj siv cov txheej txheem hydrophobic rau pob zeb hauv kev tsim kho lossis ua tiav qee qhov ntawm lub tsev hauv lub tebchaws nrog cov khoom siv no, tom qab ntawd cov tsos ntawm cov khoom yuav ib txwm muaj nws qhov qub.
Rau lub hom phiaj no, cov neeg tsim khoom ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dej tau tsim cov tshuaj ntxiv tshwj xeeb. Lawv muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam qhov ntom ntawm cov tshuaj thiab plasticity. Qhov tshwm sim yog ib qho mortar uas yooj yim rau nteg thiab thaum qhuav nws yog ib qho nyuaj, ruaj khov, tsis muaj dej tsis zoo thiab tsis muaj qhov kub thiab txias. Txhawm rau ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig no thaum tsim cov pob zeb, koj yuav tsum siv ob qho tib si hauv kev sib xyaw ua ke hauv qab no, lossis cais:
- Clogging.
- YPolymer.
- Plastifying.
Sib piv cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dej
Hydrophobic agents thawj zaug tshwm sim li 40 xyoo dhau los. Lawv tau ua raws li: cov tshuaj organosilicon, uas suav nrog polyhydroxyloxane, Na methyl siliconate thiab Na ethyl siliconate. Cov tshuaj no muaj cov yam ntxwv tsis zoo: lawv tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob. Txog rau tam sim no, lawv tau ploj tag nrho los ntawm kev tsim khoom. Cov khoom niaj hnub ntawm cov kab no feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm polyorganosiloxane thiab nws cov derivatives: polymethylhydridesiloxane kua, polymethylsiloxane resins, alkali hlau alkyl siliconates los yog lwm yam kev sib xyaw ua ke raws li yav tas los. Cov khoom no tsis muaj tshuaj lom, tsis muaj teeb meem, tsis muaj teeb meem rauib puag ncig thiab rau tib neeg lub cev.
Ntoog thiab ntau hydrophobization
Nto hydrophobization yog ua los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj lossis los ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj txhuam hniav, cov menyuam, tshuaj tsuag. Volumetric hydrophobization yog nqa tawm los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj rau hauv tshwj xeeb drilled qhov nyob rau hauv cov phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev los yog lwm qhov chaw. Drilling yog ua nyob rau hauv ib tug checkerboard qauv nrog ib tug downward nqes hav yuav luag mus rau qhov kawg. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom siv hydrophobic tau nkag mus rau hauv cov boreholes nyob rau hauv ib lub siab. Txoj kev kho saum npoo no suav hais tias ua tau zoo dua li thawj zaug.
Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias qhov denser impregnation ntawm qhov chaw nrog cov khoom, qhov muaj zog tiv thaiv hydrophobic yog suav tias yog. Cov kev tiv thaiv zoo li no tsis plam nws cov khoom rau 30 xyoo thaum lub sij hawm kho deg, thiab yog hais tias muaj kev tiv thaiv volumetric, ces tag nrho cov kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm cov qauv.
