Hom phiaj thiab hom pawg

Cov txheej txheem:

Hom phiaj thiab hom pawg
Hom phiaj thiab hom pawg

Video: Hom phiaj thiab hom pawg

Video: Hom phiaj thiab hom pawg
Video: Nkauj ntseeg: Vajtswv Muaj Hom Phiaj - by.... 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Piles yog tsim los rau kev tsim cov hauv paus rau cov qauv thiab cov tsev nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav hloov lub load rau hauv av, ntxiv rau kom nws cov kabmob muaj peev xwm. Lub hauv paus yog qhov txawv ntawm durability, yooj yim ntawm kev npaj thiab tus nqi qis. Hom pawg nyob ntawm cov khoom siv, kev tsim technology, cov duab thiab kev tsav tsheb.

hom pawg
hom pawg

Qhov sib txawv ntawm kev sib txawv yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv siv thiab immersion technologies. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub installation ntawm pawg nyob ntawm seb lub zog ntawm cov khoom thiab tsim nta. Cov hom hauv qab no yog qhov txawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv:

  • pob zeb pob zeb lossis pob zeb pob zeb;
  • ntoo;
  • metal.
hom pob zeb ua vaj tse
hom pob zeb ua vaj tse

Kev faib tawm kuj tau ua raws li cov txheej txheem ntawm lawv qhov kev nkag mus rau hauv av, ncaj qha ntsig txog cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab cov qauv tsim.

Piles: hom immersion

Cov pawg ntawm cov khoom siv tau muab faib ua dai thiab racks. Cov qub yog siv rau cov av tsis muaj zog ntawm qhov tob tob. Lawv kis tau tus load tsis tau tsuas yog los ntawm qis kawg, tab sis kuj los ntawm kev sib txhuam ntawm cov av thiab sabnto. Racks so nrog lawv qis kawg ntawm lub hauv paus ruaj khov uas siv tag nrho cov khoom thauj.

Cov qauv ntawm pawg yog sib txuas nrog txoj kev immersion thiab yog cov hauv qab no hom.

  1. Tsav-hauv - nrog kev pab ntawm rauj tshuab, siv vibrators lossis indentation devices. Txoj kev siv yog tias tsis muaj lwm cov qauv nyob ze uas tuaj yeem ua los ntawm av co.
  2. Hollow pawg-plhaub. Lawv muab tso rau hauv av los ntawm kev vibration, tshem tawm cov av los ntawm sab hauv thiab hloov nrog ib qho kev daws teeb meem.
  3. Drilling - qhov dej yog drilled thiab ntim nrog cov sib xyaw ntawm cov pob zeb nrog cov cuab yeej los yog cov pob zeb ua kom muaj zog.
  4. Stuffed - ib qhov dej yog tsim los ntawm compressing av thiab pouring qhob.
  5. Screw - ntsia hlau rau hauv av.
pawg hom dhia dej
pawg hom dhia dej

Pib ntoo

Lub hauv paus ntoo yog siv rau lub tsev teeb, uas qhov hnyav ntawm 1 m 2 cheeb tsam yog qis dua tus qauv. Nws yog tsim rau cov tsev nrog tib lub neej kev pab cuam. Feem ntau cov no yog ib ntus thiab outbuildings, khw me me, tsheb ntxuav, cafes. Cov qauv zoo li no tsis tas yuav tsum tau txais kev pom zoo kim rau cov qauv peev.

Nyob ntoo pawg yog cais raws li hom ntoo siv los ua lawv. Lawv yog tsim los ntawm ntoo thuv, spruce, cedar, larch, Oak, thiab lwm yam. Cov cav yog coj ncaj thiab cleared ntawm bark. Cov pawg yog tsim los ntawm 4.5 mus rau 16 m ntev thiab 20 cm nyob rau hauv txoj kab uas hla. Yog hais tias qhov tob tob yog qhov tseem ceeb, cov pawg ntoo yog tsim los ntawm ntau tshaj 4 yam. Hauv qab kawg grindntawm lub khob hliav qab, qhov ntev ntawm qhov sib npaug ntawm 1.5-2 lub cev diameters. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov av tuab heev los yog nrog cov khoom sib xyaw, ib qho khau hlau yog muab tso rau hauv qab. Sab saum toj kawg yog tiv thaiv nrog lub nplhaib hlau (yoke) los tiv thaiv deformation thaum tsav tsheb hauv.

Ua ntej immersion, cov pawg yog impregnated nrog anti-rotting compositions: tshwj xeeb coatings, firing. Tom qab ntawd lawv ntxiv coated nrog creosote roj los yog tar thiab qhwv nrog antiseptic bandages.

Nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ncej, qhov dej feem ntau yog drilled 1.5 npaug ntawm txoj kab uas hla. Los ntawm hauv qab no, pob zeb lossis pob zeb sib tov yog siv los txhawb nqa. Tom qab installation, cov ncej yog faus thiab nruj nreem tamped. Thaum ua tiav lawm, cov ntoo yuav kav ntev txog 20 xyoo.

pob zeb pob zeb

Piles tuaj yeem xa mus rau qhov chaw npaj ua, ua cov kab teeb, lossis nchuav rau hauv formwork mounted rau hauv lub qhov drilled.

Hom kev tsim ua pawg tuaj yeem yog puag ncig lossis polygonal, nrog qhov taw qhia qis kawg. Qhov ntev ncav cuag 16 m, qhov loj hauv ntu ntu yog los ntawm 20 txog 40 cm.

hom kev tsim kho pawg
hom kev tsim kho pawg

Cov khoom lag luam feem ntau yog cov seem square, vim lawv tsis tshua muaj zog thiab siv thev naus laus zis ntau dua los tsim.

Pile foundation, hom pawg

Lub hauv paus yog tsim los ntawm ib pawg ntawm pawg txuas los ntawm sab saud nrog kab teeb lossis slabs (grillages). Ib pawg tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov qis qis dua piv rau qhov hnyav ntawm cov qauv saum toj no hauv av. Yog li ntawd, cov kev txhawb nqa tau tsim ua pab pawg.

pawg pawg hom ntawm pawg
pawg pawg hom ntawm pawg

1. Monolithic pawg

Ua ntej tau qhab niapawg rau hauv av, thawj lub qhov dej yog drilled nyob rau hauv qhov tob ntawm 1.5 m, nyob rau hauv uas ib kem yog muab tso rau. Tom qab ntawd ib lub crane nrog rauj los yog pawg tsav tsheb raug coj mus rau hauv thiab tsav mus rau qhov tob uas yuav tsum tau ua. Qhov chaw dawb ntawm lub qhov calibration yog ntim nrog pob zeb.

Hollow pawg ua los ntawm cov pob zeb muaj zog muaj cov kev sib txuas txuas los ntawm kev sib txuas los yog bolts. Nyob rau hauv lawv qhov qis, cov av tseem tshuav, thiab cov pob zeb ua pob zeb yog nchuav rau hauv sab saud kom muaj kev sib txuas nrog lub hauv paus.

2. Khob khob

Hom kab hauv paus tseem suav nrog cov qauv tsim ncaj qha ntawm qhov chaw tsim kho.

hom pawg rau lub hauv paus
hom pawg rau lub hauv paus

Txoj kev txhawb nqa dhuav yog ua raws li hauv qab no.

  1. Ib lub qhov dej yog ua rau hauv av mus rau qhov tob ntawm pawg. Ua li no, cov av yog drilled los yog xuas nrig ntaus. Hauv thawj txoj kev, cov phab ntsa hauv av tuaj yeem ntxiv dag zog nrog cov kav dej los yog av nplaum mortar. Thaum lub cim hauv qab mus txog, qhov chaw nyob hauv qab tau nthuav dav nrog cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb mounted rau ntawm tus pas nrig laum.
  2. Ib lub vov tsev cov yeeb nkab thiab ib qho kev tsim ntawm plaub qhov kev txhawb nqa nrog cov ntaub qhwv kab rov tav tau muab tso rau hauv qhov dej.
  3. Qhov chaw sab hauv yog ntim nrog cov pob zeb ua pob zeb thiab ua kom muaj lub vibrator.

Metal piles

Rolled profiles yog siv los ua pawg: I-beam, channel lossis yeeb nkab. Qee zaum lawv tau npaj ua ntej. Ua li no, 2 txoj kab sib txuas ua ke, yog li tau txais cov yeeb nkab square.

Piles kuj tseem tuaj yeem qhib seem. Lawv yog tsim los ntawm vuam fab, ntsia hlau,I-beams.

Hlau yog siv nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas nws tsis tuaj yeem txhim kho cov pob zeb ua kom muaj zog. Nws yooj yim dua los txhim kho thaum koj nkag mus tob rau hauv av.

Hlau profiles muaj lub zog siab, uas ua rau lawv yooj yim rau tsav mus rau hauv av. Rau ntu me me, cov khoom sib xyaw lossis cov av pob zeb tawg tsis ntshai.

Pile yog tsav rau hauv av nrog rauj lossis nias. Rau qhov tob txog li 5 m, txhais tes rauj txaus.

Tshwj xeeb ntawm pawg ntawm cov khoom hlau yog cov ntsia hlau. Muab lub zog siab, lawv muaj kev lag luam ntau dua thiab kev siv thev naus laus zis ntau dua li cov pob zeb muaj zog ntxiv. Piles yog cov kav dej hollow nrog cov hniav sab nraud. Lawv yog screwed rau hauv av zoo li screws, khaws cia nws cov qauv thiab ntxiv compacting. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, rov qab tig tsis raug tso cai, thiaj li tsis mus degrade cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub hauv paus.

Qhov zoo ntawm cov ntsia hlau pawg

Screw piles muaj qhov zoo hauv qab no:

  • tsis muaj av;
  • muaj peev xwm tsim vaj tsev nyob ntawm qhov nyuaj thiab hauv av;
  • Yooj yim txuas rau cov chaw npaj tsim ua vaj tse;
  • siab bearing peev;
  • no shrinkage;
  • muaj peev xwm ntawm kev teeb tsa ze ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob thiab txhua lub sijhawm ntawm lub xyoo;
  • durability.

Lub hauv paus ntawm cov ntsia hlau pawg yog siv rau ntawm cov av mos, qhov chaw muaj av noo, khov thiab fluidity. Nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem tsim lub hauv paus nrog nws, tab sis qhov teeb meem no yog qhov zoo rau txhua yam ntawm pawg hauv paus.

Thaum xaiv cov ntsia hlau, koj yuav tsumua tib zoo saib xyuas cov xwm txheej hauv qab no.

  1. Lub hauv paus yog cov yeeb nkab steel tshiab nrog sandblasting thiab txhim khu kev qha los tiv thaiv corrosion. Phab ntsa thickness yuav tsum tsawg kawg yog 4 hli, thiab cov hniav yuav tsum ntau tshaj 5 hli.
  2. Sab nraud ntawm cov yeeb nkab yuav tsum du, tsis muaj qhov sib txuas, thiab cov hniav yuav tsum yog qhov tseeb.
  3. Qhov zoo ntawm vuam yog siab, txwv tsis pub cov kev sib txuas yuav tsis tiv taus thaum ntsia hlau rau hauv av.

Muaj cov hauv qab no cov ntsia hlau pawg:

  • nrum, siab-siab hniav-rau-pipe kev twb kev txuas;
  • welded - nrog vuam ntawm cov hniav ntawm lub cev pawg;
  • ua ke, sib sau los ntawm ob ntu - cov hniav nrog lub khob.
hom ntsia hlau pawg
hom ntsia hlau pawg

Cov ntsia hlau tsis tau txuas rau hauv pob zeb thiab pob zeb, txawm tias muaj cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb rau kev teeb tsa.

Txhim kho cov ntsia hlau pawg

  1. Qhov loj pawg tsim nyog raug xaiv raws li kev suav thiab tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov av.
  2. Lub cim tau ua, thiab cov pawg tau teeb tsa rau hauv qhov xav tau.
  3. Screwing yog ua tiav nrog cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb, tab sis qee zaum nws tuaj yeem ua tau manually, siv levers. Kev ua haujlwm yog ua los ntawm 2-3 tus neeg. Qhov tob yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg tshaj 1.5 m.
  4. Pib teb txiav ib theem ib zaug.
  5. pob zeb tuaj yeem nchuav rau hauv cov kav dej.
  6. Cov taub hau yog welded rau saum cov pawg, thiab tom qab ntawd lawv raug khi nrog ib qho channel lossis cov cav. Vuam seams yog coated nrog mastic tiv thaiv corrosion.

Zaj lus

Technologies rau kev siv cov pawg hauvkev tsim kho ua kom muaj peev xwm daws tau cov teeb meem nyuaj ntawm kev txhim kho cov tsev thiab cov qauv hauv kev yooj yim thiab pheej yig. Ntau hom pawg, tsis zoo li lwm lub hauv paus, tso cai rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov chaw hauv av hauv ib qho av thiab hauv thaj chaw tsim kho.

Pom zoo: