Hnub no, kev kub ceev steel tseem yog cov khoom siv rau kev tsim ntau yam ntawm cov hlau ua haujlwm thiab cov cuab yeej txiav. Xws li cov alloys feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev tsim cov tshuab saws, xyaum thiab xyaum cov khoom. Txawm hais tias muaj ntau yam ntawm ntau yam carbide composite thiab ceramic cov ntaub ntawv uas tau tshwm sim tam sim no, muab kev ua haujlwm ntau dua, cov cuab yeej siv siab ceev steel tuav lawv txoj haujlwm.
Kev siv dav ntawm cov alloys rau kev tsim cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm nyuaj yog vim muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm lub zog siab (txog 68 HRC) thiab kub tsis kam (lawv tsis poob lawv cov khoom ua haujlwm txawm tias qhov kub thiab txias. 650 ° C) nrog tus nqi siab viscosity, ho ntau tshaj qhov ntsuas zoo sib xws raucarbide composite cov ntaub ntawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev kub ceev steel muaj kev ua haujlwm siab heev, uas txhais tau hais tias kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm txoj kev siab thiab txiav.
Cov khoom zoo li cas cov hlau yuav muaj nyob ntawm kev sib ntxiv alloying. Feem ntau, kev kub ceev steel yog ntau cov khoom siv uas muaj chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, cob alt thiab vanadium. Lub xub ntiag ntawm ntau yam khoom, nrog rau lawv cov ntsiab lus feem pua, yog qhia thaum sau npe. Tsab ntawv P ntawm no txhais tau hais tias cov hlau yog high-speed, daim duab tom ntej qhia txog feem pua ntawm tungsten. Cov ntawv txuas ntxiv qhia tias muaj lwm cov ntsiab lus alloying, thiab cov lej hauv qab cov ntawv qhia lawv cov feem pua ntawm cov khoom seem hauv cov hlau. Yog li, tsab ntawv M txhais tau tias muaj molybdenum nyob rau hauv lub system, F - vanadium, K - cob alt, A - nitrogen.
Raws li cov ntsiab lus ntawm alloying additives, kev kub ceev hlau tuaj yeem muab faib ua tungsten, molybdenum, tungsten-molybdenum. Cov hlau alloyed nrog cob alt sawv hauv ib pab pawg tshwj xeeb. Xws li alloys, raws li txoj cai, yog siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim cov cuab yeej rau machining nyuaj-rau-tshuab qhov chaw los ntawm tshav kub-resistant alloys. High-speed steel alloyed nrog vanadium yog tsim los rau kev tsim cov cuab yeej hu ua "tiav" - broaches, reamers thiab lwm yam.
Qhov ntau tshaj plaws thiab, tej zaum, lub npe qub tshaj plaws ntawm high-speed steel P18 yog siv rau kev tsim cov cuab yeej nyuaj thiab zoo li cov xov-txiav. Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov txheej txheem rau kev ua hlau zoo yog ua los ntawm cov hlau alloy ntawm qib P9. Milling cutters, cutters thiab lwm yam yog tsim los ntawm nws.
Raws li kev khiav hauj lwm kub tswj, high-speed steels tau muab faib ua peb pawg: alloys nrog ib txwm, siab thiab kub ua hauj. Thawj pawg suav nrog tungsten (P18, P9) thiab tungsten-molybdenum (P6M5). Cov qib no yog siv rau hauv kev ua cov hlau tsis muaj hlau, cov qauv hlau thiab cam khwb cia hlau.
Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qeb thib ob yog cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm cob alt, carbon thiab vanadium. Lub npe nrov tshaj plaws hauv pawg no yog R6M5F3. Vanadium steels yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev hnav tsis kam. Lawv qhov teeb meem loj tsuas yog lawv cov kev sib tsoo tsis zoo, vim qhov nyuaj ntawm vanadium carbides tsis yog qis dua li ntawm lub log electrocorundum.
Thiab thaum kawg, steels ntawm qeb thib peb yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov qis feem pua ntawm cov ntsiab lus carbon, uas ua rau lawv tsim nyog rau kev ua cov cua sov-resistant, stainless thiab titanium alloys. Lwm tus yam ntxwv txawv feature yog ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm alloying ntsiab. Cov pab pawg no suav nrog cov npe xws li 3V20K20Kh4F, V11M7K23 thiab lwm yam.
