Thaum xaiv lub cib, ntxiv rau cov xim, qhov loj me thiab voidness, dej nqus, Frost tsis kam thiab lub zog yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account. Nws tseem yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov tias thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho, yuav luag 20% ntawm masonry ntim yog mortar. Yog li ntawd, nws kuj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas. Ib qho mortar feem ntau yog siv, uas yog npaj los ntawm kev sib xyaw cov cement nrog xuab zeb thiab ntxiv dej. Raws li txoj cai, plaub feem ntawm qhov thib ob yog ntxiv rau ib feem ntawm thawj qhov kev tivthaiv, vim qhov tseeb piv cuam tshuam rau plasticity ntawm qhov sib tov. Thiab txhawm rau txhim kho tus yam ntxwv no, av nplaum, txiv qaub thiab cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb plasticizing ntxiv rau nws, uas yog qhov tsim nyog rau lub caij ntuj no los xyuas kom meej lub hardening ntawm binders.
Kev
ua li cas brickwork nteg thiab txav ntawm lub tsev sib tov txiav txim? Cov txheej txheem no yog nqa tawm los ntawm kev siv lub khob hliav qab, uas yog txo qis ncaj qha rau hauv cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas, thiab tom qab ntawd lawv saib seb nws tob npaum li cas plunged rau hauv nws. Rau lub hollow cib, sib tov nrog cov cua ntsawj ntshab txog li 8 centimeters yog haum, thiab rau ib tug khoom cib - los ntawm 10 mus rau 14 centimeters. Yog hais tias cov tshuaj yog tuab heev, nws yuav muaj feem ntautawg lub sij hawm, thiab cov kua dhau lawm yuav ua rau cov voids ntawm cib thiab degrade nws thermal rwb thaiv tsev zog.
Quality
ua li cas brickwork nteg thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov masonry khoom soj ntsuam? Cov khoom tseem ceeb uas txiav txim siab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov tshuaj khib nyiab sib xyaw yog uniformity thiab plasticity. Txhawm rau kom muaj kev sib raug zoo, nws yog qhov zoo dua los sib tov nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob lossis lub tshuab fais fab nrog lub nozzle. Lub mortar npaj kom raug yog zoo kawg nkaus nteg nyob rau hauv ib tug nyias txheej, thiab lub cib adheres rau nws nrog tag nrho cov nto. Lub xub ntiag ntawm qhov chaw huv ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev qhia tias tsis muaj kev txav mus los ntawm qhov sib tov thiab nws tsis muaj peev xwm yaj.
Thickness
Muaj ntau txoj kev xaiv rau kev ua haujlwm, uas lub thickness ntawm brickwork nyob ntawm - los ntawm 12 mus rau 64 centimeters. Txawm li cas los xij, cov phab ntsa tuab yog kev lag luam tsis zoo thiab nyuaj rau kev tsim. Hauv qhov no, txhawm rau txo qhov hnyav ntawm cov qauv, kev thauj khoom ntawm lub hauv paus thiab txo kev noj cov cib, cov phab ntsa sab nrauv feem ntau ua los ntawm cov hollow cib, lossis, yog tias ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom siv, cov voids yog sab laug. nruab nrab ntawm lawv, uas tau ntim nrog rwb thaiv tsev.
Koj ua li cas nteg brickwork thiab kos lub kaum sab xis kom raug? Lo lus nug no yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov pib tsim. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau nteg cov khoom siv hauv tsev hauv txoj kab ncaj nraim thiab nyob rau tib theem. Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb heev yog qhov raug tso thawj kab ntawm cov cib nrog ib lub tsheb ciav hlau lossis ib txoj hlua ntev. Qhov sib npaug ntawm cov ces kaum raug kuaj xyuasib tug square, thiab ib tug ntsug nto - ib theem thiab ib tug kav dej kab. Sai li ob peb kab tau pw, cov pob qij txha yog grouted ua ntej sib tov hardens. Qhov tseeb brickwork kuj nyob ntawm qhov no. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib koom ua ke muaj nyob rau hauv compacting cov kev daws teeb meem ntawm lub ntsiab thiab muab nws ib tug meej qauv. Nws tau muab faib ua ob hom: khib nyiab, thaum muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov cib, thiab undercut - tag nrho qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev yog ntim nrog mortar thiab ua raws li lub ntsej muag pem hauv ntej. Tseem muaj cov hniav zoo nkauj, concave thiab convex seams.
Masonry method
ua li cas ua cov pob zeb thiab ua li cas? Xav txog ntau txoj kev xaiv: hauv lub clamp, taub qab thiab pob tw nrog pruning. Thawj txoj kev yog tsim nyog rau kev ua hauj lwm nrog ib tug nyuaj mortar thiab muaj nyob rau hauv nias txhua lub cib tom ntej mus rau yav dhau los. Qhov kawg-rau-kawg xaiv yog siv rau ntawm qhov sib tov txav, thiab cov seams tau tsim rau hauv qhov chaw pov tseg. Thiab txoj kev thib peb - rov qab los nrog pruning - ua ke ob qho dhau los. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib tug heev mobile khoom siv, thiab cov seams yog ua nyob rau hauv ib tug undercut. Koj tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov zoo thiab lub zog ntawm cov masonry nrog kev pab ntawm qhov xav tau sib xws thiab daim ntawv thov ntawm cov tshuaj khib.
