Yog tias koj xav ua kom koj lub vaj zoo nkauj dua, koj tuaj yeem ntxiv ib txoj hauv kev rau nws. Nws yuav nqa tsis tau tsuas yog ib tug tswv yim muaj nuj nqi, tab sis kuj yuav muaj ib tug zoo nkauj tus nqi. Koj yuav muaj peev xwm tsim ib qho kev sib koom ua ke thiab ua ke tag nrho cov vaj tsev ntawm qhov chaw. Thaj chaw tuaj yeem raug zoned siv txoj hauv kev, qhia txog thaj chaw ua haujlwm, suav nrog: kev tsim tawm, paj txaj, thaj chaw ua si thiab lub vaj.
Yog tias txoj hauv kev ua vaj tau zoo, ces koj tuaj yeem kho qhov tsis txaus thiab qhov tsis raug ntawm kev tsim toj roob hauv pes. Thaum npaj, koj yuav tsum xav txog ntau yam. Ua ntej, cov khoom siv hauv paus yuav tsum tau yooj yim tiv taus qhov kub ntawm lub caij nyoog hloov pauv. Qhov thib ob, txoj kev taug kev yuav tsum yooj yim los tuav. Thirdly, nws yuav tsum tiv taus corrosion, rot, pwm thiab mildew.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau npaj lub thauj khoom ua ntej yog tias txoj kev yuav hla ntawm lub tsheb. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua kom qhov no ntawm qhov chaw sab nrauv suburban nrog ib qho kev nqes hav kom cov dej nag tsis ntim rau ntawm daim ntaub. Yog tias koj yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm hauv thaj chaw me me, ces txoj kev yuav tsum tsis txhob ua cov duab plaub,vim tws thiab tig yuav ntxiv qhov chaw thiab qhov tob.
xaiv khoom
Ua ntej koj ua ib txoj hauv kev, koj yuav tsum xaiv cov khoom. Ntawm cov kev xaiv ntau tshaj plaws, cov pob zeb ntuj yuav tsum tau ua kom pom tseeb. Nws saib raws li txoj cai, noble, tab sis kim heev. Nyob rau hauv rov qab, koj tau txais ib tug yuav luag nyob mus ib txhis txheej, uas yog guaranteed los ntawm lub siab zog ntawm cov khoom. Koj tuaj yeem siv pob zeb dag, uas qhia txog kev zoo nkauj, kev ntxhib los mos thiab kev zoo nkauj ntawm ntuj, tab sis pheej yig dua thiab yooj yim rau nruab.
Ua ntej pib ua haujlwm, koj yuav tsum xav txog daim duab ntawm txoj kev hauv vaj. Nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, koj muaj peev xwm tsim ib tug ntawm lawv, xaiv ib tug tsim rau koj nyiam. Ntawm cov duab nthuav tawm, koj tuaj yeem pom txoj hauv kev cib. Nws yuav ua raws li ntau yam tshwj xeeb ntawm nws, uas tseem hu ua clinker cib. Koj tuaj yeem siv cov silicate zoo tib yam / liab cib. Tsis txhob siv dawb, vim nws tawg sai sai hauv av.
Cov kev daws teeb meem tshaj plaws yog paving slabs. Nws yog nrov vim hais tias nws yog yus muaj los ntawm siab zog, Frost tsis kam thiab durability. Cov khoom tuaj yeem muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm kev ntxhib los mos, cov duab thiab ntxoov ntxoo, uas tso cai rau tus tswv kom pom kev xav. Kev tso tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog mosaic, tsim cov duab kos thiab cov qauv.
Txoj kev ua vaj yog feem ntau ua los ntawm txoj kev ntau. Cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no yog siv rau qhov no:
- rubble;
- pebbles;
- gravel;
- sand;
- ntoo chips.
Yuav ua li no, koj yuav tsum siv ntau cov khoom siv, vim tias dhau sijhawm nws yuav ntsws. Qhov kev xaiv no tsis tshua haum rau lub hauv paus txoj kev. Tab sis nyob rau hauv lub reservoir, txaj thiab nruab nrab ntawm lub paj txaj, ib tug mos txoj kev yuav saib zoo meej. Nws haum zoo nrog cov tsiaj qus.
Ntoo yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem, tab sis nws yog luv luv. Feem ntau larch yog siv rau cov laj thawj no, uas tsuas yog ua kom muaj zog ntawm cov dej noo. Nws khaws cov kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov qauv ntev dua li lwm cov ntoo. Canvases tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm cov cav ntoo lossis cov laug cam, tab sis cov npog los ntawm cov txiav txiav zoo li tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cozy thiab picturesque.
Kev ua yeeb yam yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Tom qab tshuaj xyuas cov duab ntawm txoj kev hauv vaj, koj tuaj yeem pom cov kev xaiv ua tiav. Lawv sawv cev los ntawm cov phiaj npaj ua tiav. Garden parquet kuj yog muag, uas yog sawv cev los ntawm ntau yam yas los yog decking.
Cov khoom siv no muab rau muaj lub substrate uas txuas cov phaj ntoo. Sab nraud, txheej txheej zoo li ntoo. Nws khaws nws cov qauv qub, tsis o, tsis curl thiab tsis khaws cov dej noo, uas qhia kev tiv thaiv rau sab nraud ib puag ncig. Kev tu vaj parquet yog ib qho yooj yim, txhua yam koj yuav tsum tau ua yog dej nws nrog lub hose.
Tshaj tawm txoj kev pob zeb
Thaum ua kev ua vaj nrog koj tus kheej tes, thawj theem koj yuav tsum xaiv cov cuab yeej siv rau kev ua haujlwm. Yog hais tias koj tsis xav kom ntse, ces koj yuav tsum xaiv ib tug monolithic qhob txheej, uas yog heev ruaj. Koj tuaj yeem ennoble cov phiaj los ntawm kev kho kom zoo nkauj nrog cov xim mosaics, ceramics lossis ceramics.
Thaum thawj theem, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los txiav txim siab qhov ntev thiab qhov dav ntawm txoj kev, nkag mus tob rau hauv av los ntawm 10 cm. Hauv qab yog them nrog xuab zeb, txheej thickness yuav yog 6 cm. compacted thiab watered. Raws li qhov ntev ntawm lub qhov, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau nruab cov thav duab uas tau tsoo los ntawm plywood lossis ntoo. Qhov deb ntawm 7 cm yuav tsum tau khaws cia nruab nrab ntawm lawv.
Txoj kab dav dav yuav txiav txim siab ciam teb dav. Qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws thiab pom qhov loj me yuav yog 60 x 60 cm. Nyob rau theem tom ntej, koj tuaj yeem pib concreting siv mortar. Thaum nws qhuav me ntsis, cov ntsiab lus zoo nkauj tau muab tso rau saum toj, uas koj tuaj yeem siv lub plhaub pob zeb zoo tib yam. Thaum txoj kev qhuav tag, uas yuav yog tom qab li 3 hnub, hauv av nruab nrab ntawm cov slabs tuaj yeem cog nrog cov nyom nyom nyom.
Siv boards
Ua ntej koj pib ua lub vaj txoj kev nrog koj tus kheej tes, koj yuav tsum xaiv cov khoom. Lawv tuaj yeem yog ntoo. Xws li cov txheej txheem nce me ntsis saum av thiab ntxiv dag zog rau cov tuav muaj zog, uas tau kho ua ntej nrog cov muaj pes tsawg leeg los ntawm kev lwj.
Cov tuav tau nruab rau ntawm ib txheej ntawm gravel, thickness uas yog 6 cm. Cov pob zeb yog pre-leveled raws li ntev ntawm lub txaj. Cov hauv pem teb yuav tsum tsis txhob ua qhov kawg-rau-kawg - qhov kev ncua deb ntawm 2 cm yuav tsum tau khaws cia nruab nrab ntawm cov laug cam, uas yuav xyuas kom meej lawv qhov cua. Track ua tsaugqhov no yog npaj yuav kav ntev.
Siv ntoo chocks
Lub vaj txoj kev tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov ntoo chocks, uas yog hla cov ntoo tuab. Lawv yog pre-kho nrog ib tug antiseptic, uas yuav tiv thaiv rotting. Ib lub trench tab tom npaj raws li lub txaj npaj ua ntej ntawm txoj kev khiav. Nws yuav tsum tau tob 6 cm ntau dua piv rau qhov siab ntawm cov ntoo chocks.
Lub txaj yog npog nrog 3 cm gravel, txheej tom ntej yuav xuab zeb ntawm tib tuab. Qhov kev npaj yog compacted thiab watered abundantly. Chocks raug ntsia kom nruj li sai tau hauv lub txaj. Tom qab ntawd, qhov khoob yog ntim nrog gravel, uas yog pre-mixed nrog xuab zeb. Qhov saum npoo yog rov plentifully watered. Ntawm no peb tuaj yeem xav tias txoj kev ua vaj yog npaj txhij. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum ua kom cov chocks nyob rau hauv qhov siab siv lub sledgehammer.
Cov npog raws li cov duab curly
Siv cov khoom lag luam polystyrene pwm, koj tuaj yeem npog koj lub vaj. Plaub daim ntawv zoo tib yam yuav tsum tau yuav, tus nqi ntawm ib qho ntawm 900 txog 1,200 rubles. Hauv thawj theem, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los txiav txim siab qhov dav thiab qhov chaw ntawm txoj kab, siv pegs thiab hlua. Cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no yooj yim nyob ib sab, thiab lawv qhov loj yog feem ntau 60 x 60 cm, uas yog txaus rau txoj kev nqaim. Yog hais tias qhov dav ntawm lub vaj txoj kev loj dua thiab yuav yog 1.2 m, ces ob daim ntawv yuav tsum tau muab tais hla hauv ib lub txaj.
Tam sim no ib rab chais siv, uas koj yuav tsum khawb ib lub trench, tob rau 10pom Lub ntiaj teb compacts zoo, uas nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv lub vibrator los cog cov av. Koj tuaj yeem ua nws manually, tab sis nws yuav siv zog ntau dua. Ib txheej ntawm crushed pob zeb thiab pebbles yog poured rau hauv lub trench, lub thickness yuav tsum yog 4 cm, ib tug 6-cm txheej ntawm dej xuab zeb yuav nyob rau saum toj. Ua ntej nteg daim ntawv, cov xuab zeb yog watered zoo los ntawm ib tug hose, thaum kawg ntawm uas nws yog tsim nyog los muab tso rau ib tug sprayer.
Cov ntawv yog lubricated nrog lub tshuab roj, thaum nws tsis tuaj, koj tuaj yeem siv cov roj zaub zoo tib yam. Lub formwork yog ntsia rau ntawm cov xuab zeb ntub, ces koj tuaj yeem pib npaj cov tshuaj. Nws yuav muaj peb feem ntawm cov xuab zeb, ib feem ntawm cov cement thiab 4 feem ntawm cov pob zeb crushed. Rau lub hauv paus, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau ntxiv ib qho kev sib tov sib xyaw los ntawm kev ntxiv dej. Kev daws yuav tsum tau txais qhov sib xws ntawm cov kua qaub tuab.
Yuav kom txoj kev taug mus ci nrog cov xim, cov xim yog ntxiv rau cov khoom xyaw. Nyob rau theem tom ntej, koj tuaj yeem pib sau cov ntaub ntawv mus rau lub brim, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tsis suav nrog kev tsim ntawm huab cua npuas. Cov tshuaj ntau dhau raug tshem tawm, thaum lub sij hawm lub tsheb ciav hlau yuav pab tau. Rau cov hom phiaj no, koj tuaj yeem ua hlau.
Tom qab 40 feeb, cov tshuaj yuav teeb, uas yuav tso cai rau koj ua tib zoo tshem cov pwm thiab siv lawv rau cov txheej txheem nchuav thib ob. Txoj kev hauv vaj yuav zoo nkauj dua yog tias cov pob zeb dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov plooj (porcelain stoneware), cov vuas xim, nrog rau pebbles zoo nkauj. Kho kom zoo nkauj yog nias rau hauv cov cement tsis kho. Ib theem ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog kev tiv thaiv cov khoom los ntawm kev cuam tshuam sab nraud. Kom txog rau thaum cov tshuaj yog qhuav tag, nws yuav siv sij hawm 3 hnub. Yog lawm, yog huab cua tshav ntuj.
Ntau yamPlastic Vuas
Plastic vaj txoj hauv kev tau dhau los ua ntau dua thiab tsis ntev los no. Lawv tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb hom, xws li:
- lawn grate;
- Y vaj parquet;
- modular flooring.
Vaj parquet, raws li tau hais los saum no, tseem hu ua decking thiab yog ib lub rooj tsavxwm hauv plaub lub rooj tsavxwm. Lub hauv paus yog ntoo hmoov thiab polyvinyl chloride. Cov ntaub thaiv npog muab rau lub xub ntiag ntawm ob txheej, sab saum toj ntawm uas tsuas yog muaj cov yas thiab hmoov nplej. Hauv qab yog polyvinyl chloride. Tab sis cov nyom grate yog siv rau mounting rau tib qhov chaw.
Tus tsim yog cellular thiab tso cai rau koj ntxiv dag zog rau hauv av yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam kev loj hlob ntawm cov nyom. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim mus rau lub paj txaj ntawm xws li ib txheej, nws tswj cov tsos ntawm cov nyom thiab feem ntau muaj ib tug ntsuab xim uas harmonizes zoo nrog cov nyom. Cov vuas no muaj cov dej ntws zoo heev thiab pheej yig.
Lub vaj txoj kev tuaj yeem sawv cev los ntawm cov txheej txheem yas, uas muaj ntau yam. Cov xim thiab cov duab ntawm cov khoom zoo li no txawv. Qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheej no yog qhov yooj yim thiab yooj yim ntawm kev sib dhos, nrog rau kev ceev ntawm kev tshem tawm.
Txiav cov vuas yas
Ua ntej yuav nteg cov vuas yas, txiav txim siab qhov kev taw qhia ntawm txoj kab thiab kos qhov ntev nrog pegs thiab twine. Qhov dav yuav nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm cov pobzeb. Yog tias koj xav muab ob yam khoom, ces qhov dav yuav sib npaug rau tus nqi sib xws ntawm ob yam khoom. Tshaj tag nrho qhov ntev ntawm lub npogCov av yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm, tob tob txog li 20 cm. Qhov no yuav ua rau koj tau txais ib lub qhov dej ntiav. Nws hauv qab tau tshuaj xyuas zoo txhawm rau tshem tawm cov nroj tsuag thiab cov hauv paus hniav.
Cov kav dej yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ntawm sab. Hauv qab yog ib txheej ntawm xuab zeb, uas yog moistened thiab zoo compacted. Ua raws li cov thev naus laus zis no, koj tuaj yeem tso ib txoj hauv kev hauv vaj nrog koj tus kheej tes ntawm tus nqi qis. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov yooj yim ntawm installation, vim hais tias cov khoom yas yog nruab nrog cov xauv. Ob txhais ceg yog ntawm ib sab, thaum staples nyob rau lwm yam. Cov ceg yog muab tso rau hauv lub bracket kom txog thaum nws nyem. Kev tso yog ua tiav nyob rau hauv nyias seem.
Thaum tag nrho cov vuas tau tso lawm, lawv yuav tsum tau flattened. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ua raws li kev sib tw. Koj tuaj yeem siv qib rau qhov no. Yog hais tias txoj kev yuav muaj lem, ces khoov yuav ua tau nrog ib tug jigsaw, sawing tawm tshaj qhov seem ntawm cov pobzeb. Cov txheej txheej yog tsim nrog ciam teb, uas yuav tsum protrude 5 cm saum toj no saum npoo av, yog tias cov pobzeb tsis haum nruj rau ciam teb, ces qhov chaw dawb tuaj yeem ntim nrog cov yas txiav lossis cov cement.
Yog tias koj npaj yuav siv vaj parquet hauv koj txoj haujlwm, ces koj yuav tsum tsim lub hauv paus screed. Nws yog nteg nyob rau hauv ib txheej ntawm 3 cm. Cov khoom yog sab laug kom txog thaum nws hardens, tsuas yog tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem pib nteg cov vuas rau lub vaj txoj kev. Txoj kev yooj yim tshaj plaws rau nruab ib qho nyom grate. Nws yog nyob ncaj qha rau hauv av thiab yog them nrog fertile av. Los ntawm saum toj no, txhua yam yog nchuav nrog dej thiab sab laug kom ntsws.
Voids yuav tsum tau them nrog substrate nrog cov noob nyom. Yog tias cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau siv raws caij nyoog,Tom qab ntawd lub npoo ntawm cov av yuav tsum tau leveled thiab cov pobzeb nteg on to top, zoo crushed. Thaum lub caij ntuj no, txoj kev zoo li no tau rhuav tshem, thiab lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav rov zoo dua.
Hais txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev siv zaj duab xis
Yog tias koj txiav txim siab siv cov saw txiav ua cov khoom tseem ceeb rau kev khiav, nws raug nquahu kom kho lawv nrog cov roj kom qhuav, uas yog coj mus rau lub rhaub. Xws li kev ua tiav tom qab ziab yog nqa tawm dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, koj tuaj yeem thov ib zaj duab xis rau kev ua vaj. Nws muab tso rau ntawm ib lub txaj xuab zeb. Hauv qhov no, koj tsis suav nrog kev sib cuag ntawm ntoo nrog hauv av, cov khoom rots tsawg vim qhov no.
Tab sis txoj hauv kev no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev sib txuam ntawm cov dej noo. Txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo, maj mam arches yuav tsum tau tsim nyob rau hauv txoj kev yav tom ntej los ntawm hauv av. Ua ntej gravel yog backfilled, cov av yuav tsum tau kho nrog herbicides kom lub txheej tsis overgrow nrog nroj. Rau qhov no, siv zaj duab xis lossis agrofibre.
ua tus kheej pwm
Yog tias koj xav ua pob nyiaj siv, ces koj tuaj yeem ua pwm rau koj tus kheej. Raws li ib qho ntawm cov kev xaiv yog formwork ntawm ntoo tuav. Rau qhov no, cov khoom siv uas nws qhov ntev yog 50 x 50 mm. Lawv tau fastened ua ke nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm 4 pieces thiaj li mus tau ib tug ncej. Rau kev txhim kho txhim khu kev qha, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau siv cov grooves uas tau txiav hauv cov kab sib txawv. Sheet hlau tuaj yeem siv rau tib lub hom phiaj,uas yuav ua raws li staples. Lawv nyob ntawm qhov sib tshuam ntawm cov tuav thiab kho nrog cov ntsia hlau.
Thaum tsim cov duab rau lub vaj txoj kev, koj tuaj yeem siv daim ntawv plywood lossis hlau ua cov khoom hauv qab. Nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov pobzeb, cov ntsiab lus zoo li nthuav. Thaum siv ib daim ntawv ntawm impressive loj, cov pobzeb yog ntxiv nrog ib tug hlau mesh. Daim ntawv tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov ntawv hlau. Yog tias koj muaj ib lub thoob ntoo ntawm koj cov liaj teb, khi nrog cov hlau hoops, ces lawv tuaj yeem siv los xyaum cov pob zeb ntuj. Cov hlau yog khoov los ua ib txoj hauv kev ua vaj. Nrog rau qhov tsis txaus ntawm hoops, lub formwork tuaj yeem ua los ntawm galvanized hlau. 5 cm strips raug txiav tawm ntawm nws, thiab qhov kawg yog khoov nrog rauj raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lub ru tsev seam.
Kawg tsim
Yog tias koj xav ua kom tiav, ces nws yuav tsum tau ntxiv nrog curbs lossis laj kab. Cov ntsiab lus no yuav tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov nyom yog tias cov txheej txheem no tsis xav tau. Nrog cov ntsiab lus no, koj tuaj yeem txuas lub neej ntawm cov txheej.
Tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tseeb tias lub caij no phim cov tsos ntawm tus khiav. Ntawm ntau yam tseem ceeb ntawm ciam teb, ib qho yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ntawm cov uas ua los ntawm: yas, pob zeb, ntoo thiab cib.
Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev taug qab tuaj yeem kho nrog cov khoom yas. Cov pob zeb yog siv rau thaj chaw zoo nkauj. Ntoo ciam teb zoo heev rau thaj chaw rustic. Rau lub teb chaws style lossis vaj lus Askiv, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv cov khoom cib.
