Txhua xyoo cov ntaub ntawv tiav tau nthuav dav zuj zus, thiab nws dhau los ua nyuaj rau tus neeg yuav khoom xaiv los ntawm ib qho ntawm lawv. Ntau ntawm peb cov neeg nyeem tau txaus siab rau mosaic - nws hom, txheej txheem kev teeb tsa, thaj chaw, thiab lwm yam. Hnub no peb yuav sim teb tag nrho cov lus nug no.
Mosaic hauv antiquity
Yog ib tug neeg xav tias qhov tsim qauv no yog ib qho kev tsim tshiab niaj hnub no, ces nws yuam kev loj heev. Mosaic art yog heev qub thiab dav siv los ntawm peb cov poj koob yawm txwv. Qhov no yog nyob rau hauv Ancient Russia (X caug xyoo) ib txoj kev kho kom zoo nkauj phab ntsa thiab pem teb nyob rau hauv lub tuam tsev, cathedrals, lub tsev teev ntuj.
Mosaics yog cov khoom kos duab ua los ntawm cov khoom me me ntawm ntau yam khoom - iav, pob zeb, thiab lwm yam. Yuav ua li cas lo lus "mosaic" tshwm sim tseem tsis tau paub. Muaj ntau ntau versions txog qhov no. Ib tug ntawm lawv - lub npe yog txuam nrog cov txheej txheem ntawm masonry, lwm yam zoo li ntau plausible. Nws ntseeg tau tias lo lus no tau txhais los ntawm Latin, thiab nws txhais tau tias "mob siab rau Muses."
Qhov ntxov tshaj plaws siv mosaicspanels yog suav hais tias yog nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 4th BC. e., nrhiav pom hauv Mesopotamia.
Ntawm technologies
Ib qho mosaic yog kos duab ntawm tus qauv los ntawm ntau cov ntsiab lus me me los ntawm cov khoom sib txawv. Lub qub thiab feem ntau ploj tsis pub lwm tus paub ntawm daim duab no tam sim no tau hloov pauv los ntawm cov thev naus laus zis tshiab thiab styling.
Hnub no muaj ntau lub tuam txhab tshwj xeeb hauv kev tsim cov mosaic. Txhua tus ntawm lawv muaj nws tus kheej cov dab neeg thiab sketches. Tab sis yog tias tsis muaj leej twg txaus siab rau cov neeg siv khoom xav tau, ces nws tuaj yeem tso qhov kev txiav txim raws li nws daim duab kos. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tias qhov kev nthuav qhia zoo nkauj ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag mosaic ua tiav tsis yog los ntawm qhov nyuaj ntawm cov qauv, tab sis kuj los ntawm ntau yam ntawm nws cov khoom siv.
iav mosaic
Hnub no, tej zaum qhov no yog cov khoom siv tshaj plaws. Yuav kom meej, peb tab tom tham txog Venetian iav, los ntawm qhov kub-resistant, te-resistant, cuam tshuam-resistant thiab ruaj mosaics. Qhov no yog cov khoom siv nrov heev los ntawm ntau yam xim. Txhawm rau kom tau txais cov txiaj ntsig no, ntau lub ntsiab lus tau ntxiv rau iav thaum lub khob iav - cadmium, selenium, boron, thiab txawm tias cov zaub mov muaj txiaj ntsig (aventurine, niam-ntawm-pearl).
Feem ntau, iav mosaic ntsiab (modules lossis chips) yog ua hauv cov duab plaub. Qhov me me ntawm cov ntsiab lus no, cov duab ntxaws dua yuav yog thiab qhov kev ua kom raug ntau dua.
iavMosaic yog cov khoom siv uas tau ua tiav siv rau hauv pem teb thiab phab ntsa cladding nyob rau hauv txhua qhov chaw nyob, los ntawm chav dej thiab pas dej da mus rau chav ua noj. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws zoo nkaus li zoo hauv kev tsim qhov cub thiab rooj tog.
Sm alt mosaic kuj nrov heev. Qhov no yog ib yam khoom siv iav, tab sis nrog ntxiv ntawm cov ntsev ntsev, thiab tsis yog sodium, zoo li thawj rooj plaub. Qhov no tso cai rau koj kom tau txais cov xim nplua nuj thiab kav ntev, tsis muaj cov kab dawb dawb.
mosaic no zoo saib heev. Nws cov chips yog heev du thiab qab ntxiag rau kov. Nws muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo dua li cov qauv pheej yig ntawm iav mosaic. Piv txwv li, nws qhov kev tiv thaiv rau kev puas tsuaj tso cai rau nws siv tsis yog hauv lub tsev xwb, tab sis kuj sab nraud.
YCeramic Mosaic
Nyob rau hauv tsos, ceramic chips xyaum tsis txawv ntawm cov vuas, tsuas yog tej zaum qhov loj me. Lawv tuaj yeem yog square lossis duab plaub. Xim thiab ntxoov yog txawv heev.
Hom mosaic no tuaj yeem ua ib txwm ua rau glazed, lossis muaj "cov teebmeem tshwj xeeb" - cov kab nrib pleb me me rau ntawm qhov chaw (craquelure), suav nrog lwm cov xim, imitation ntawm irregularities. Unglazed mosaic muaj cov qauv ntxeem tau, uas ua rau muaj teeb meem sib xws.
Ceramic mosaic yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm ntau qhov chaw, sab hauv tsev thiab sab nraum zoov.
pob zeb mosaic
Hauv kev tsim cov mosaic no, ntau hom pob zeb siv,pib nrog pheej yig tuff thiab nrog rau cov pob zeb tsis tshua muaj ntawm jasper, onyx, marble. Cov xim ntawm cov khoom no yog qhov tshwj xeeb, yog li txhua daim duab ntawm cov khoom no yog qhov tshwj xeeb.
Thaum yuav ib lub mosaic ua los ntawm cov pob zeb ntuj, nws yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account tias qhov no yog cov khoom muag muag. Nws tshem tawm kev siv cov tshuaj abrasive, txhuam tawv. Qhov kev zam tsuas yog quartz-based agglomerates.
Cov khoom tsis sib xws
Cov no, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho, suav nrog porcelain stoneware. Nws yog feem ntau siv thaum tsim interiors. Cov khoom siv no muaj zog dua li cov tsoos ceramics thiab pheej yig dua.
Metron yog mosaic ntawm cov iav xim thiab aventurine. Nws yog siv los ua countertops, qhov rais sills, skirting boards.
Hlau ceramics tau tshwm sim tsis ntev los no. Cov no yog stamped kaus mom, muaj qhov siab tsis tshaj 4 hli, ua los ntawm stainless hlau ntawv, 0.5 hli tuab. Lawv tau kho ntawm ib qho tshwj xeeb roj hmab thaub qab, uas tsim qhov tsim nyog rigidity.
Nplooj mosaic
Qhov no yog mosaic ntawm ntau yam ntaub ntawv, tsau rau ntawm substrate. Daim ntawv mosaic muaj txhua qhov zoo ntawm cov pobzeb, tab sis zoo li txawv ntawm sab nraud. Nws yog tsau rau ntawm lub hauv paus mesh, yog li nws yooj yim los txiav, uas ua rau nws yooj yim heev rau kev ua hauj lwm ntawm qhov chaw nkag tsis tau tshaj plaws.
pob zeb diamond mosaic
hom koob no tuaj ntawm sab hnub tuaj. Maj mam, nws pib yeej cov neeg qhuas thoob ntiaj teb. Thiab qhov no tsis yog xwm txheej, vim tias cov haujlwm tsim hauv qhov nothev naus laus zis yog kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv thiab qub, khoom plig zoo rau cov phooj ywg thiab tsev neeg. Yog li, pob zeb diamond mosaic - nws yog dab tsi?
Qhov tseeb, qhov no yog cov khoom siv nthuav tshaj plaws uas koj tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom zoo nkauj qub thiab zoo nkauj. Pob zeb diamond mosaic cov khoom siv suav nrog:
- daim duab-canvas, nrog cov cim thiab nplaum txheej;
- acrylic rhinestones ntim rau hauv ntau lub hnab;
- tweezers.
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim cov duab lossis lub vaj huam sib luag ntawm pob zeb diamond mosaic tsis yog qhov nyuaj, tab sis nws yuav tsum tau ua siab ntev thiab raug. Nws yog txaus kom ua tib zoo nteg tawm rhinestones ntawm lub nplaum puag nyob rau hauv kab los yog nyob rau hauv ib tug checkerboard qauv. Ntxiv nrog rau qhov tseeb tias daim duab ci ntsa iab yuav yog qhov zoo nkauj kho kom zoo nkauj rau sab hauv ntawm koj lub tsev, nws tseem yuav txaus siab rau cov neeg nyiam ntawm kev xaws nrog cov txheej txheem muaj tswv yim.
