Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua xav txog lub ntiaj teb no tsis muaj txiv hmab txiv ntoo bushes - tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov cottages, qhov chaw decorativeness thiab pab tau zoo sib xyaw ua ke, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lub nroog txoj kev framed los ntawm heev me ntsis, tab sis tsis muaj tsawg ntxim hlub fluffy qoob loo. Cia peb kawm seb nws yog tsob ntoo twg - Berry bush.
Lub tsev nta
Txhua tsob ntoo yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov tsis muaj lub cev. Es tsis txhob, mus txog ib lub kaum ob ceg tam sim ntawd tawm ntawm lub hauv paus system, tsim lub hav txwv yeem nws tus kheej. Lawv yog cov ceg tseem ceeb. Lub hav txwv yeem muaj cov ceg ntawm cov hnub nyoog sib txawv thiab txhua xyoo tua los ntawm buds ntawm lub hauv paus los yog ntawm ib ntus ceg. Ob qho tib si txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab vegetative ceg muab ib tug sau. Lub oval duab ntawm lub crown yog muaj nyob rau hauv feem ntau shrubs. Qhov tsuas yog qhov tshwj xeeb yog cov vine-zoo li hom nrog lub ntsej muag flattened lossis ornamental qoob loo, uas yog cov zoo li cov pruning txawj ntse.
Cov hauv paus hniav feem ntau muaj ob peb lub ntsiab, tab sis nruab nrab cov hauv paus hniav, nyob ntawm qhov tob tsis tshaj li ib thiab ib nrab meters. Lawv sai sai overgrow nrog ntau cov hauv paus suction,nyob rau kab rov tav ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub ntiaj teb thiab npog thaj chaw pub mis loj. Berry bushes yog ib txwm, cov npe uas peb paub los ntawm thaum yau. Cov no yog cov feem ntau cov vaj berries nyob rau hauv Russia - currants, gooseberries, honeysuckle, raspberries, ib co ntau yam ntawm cherries, thiab lwm yam.
Key Features
Ntau hom txiv hmab txiv ntoo sib txawv, tab sis ib yam uas zoo sib xws - lawv cov qoob loo ripens ntau ntxov dua pob zeb txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab pome qoob loo. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm berries yog siab heev nrog kev siv cov kev ntsuas agrotechnical. Thiab kev yug me nyuam los ntawm kev cog qoob loo ua rau nws tuaj yeem tau txais cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo sai sai: twb 2-3 xyoos tom qab cog.
Berry yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv ntau yam bioactive compounds, vitamins, organic acids, pectin, qab zib. Qhov dav tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws yog Berry bushes, cov duab thiab cov npe uas tau nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm - currants, gooseberries, raspberries, aronia, honeysuckle, thiab lwm yam. Tag nrho cov berries yog qab thiab noj qab nyob zoo, tab sis muaj ntau yam yam ntxwv ntawm cov qoob loo, txhua tus. hom yuav tsum muaj ib tug neeg mus kom ze.
Autumn yog lub sijhawm zoo tshaj plaws rau kev txiav. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, vim lub vicissitudes ntawm unstable huab cua, koj yuav tsis muaj sij hawm los yog txawm raug mob: lub berries pib loj hlob thaum ntxov. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, koj tuaj yeem ua qhov kho pruning, yog li hais, ua cov txheej txheem kom zoo nkauj lub teeb. Feem ntau berry bushes tsis pruned. Muaj kev xav tias pruning bushes tsis xav tau. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, shrubs xav tau ntau ntau pruning tshaj ntoo. Tsis muajmuaj peev xwm tsim nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tau ib tug zoo txiv hmab txiv ntoo-bearing Bush. Thickening yog tus yeeb ncuab tseem ceeb ntawm tsob ntoo. Qhov tsis muaj lub teeb yuav cuam tshuam rau cov qoob loo tam sim ntawd. Cov ceg yuav pib tuag ua ntej, tab sis nws tsis tsim nyog tham txog kab tsuag thiab kab mob - nyob rau hauv impassable thickets rau lawv nws tsuas yog ntuj ceeb tsheej hauv ntiaj teb. Ob leeg xeb thiab powdery mildew hlob tuaj ntawm no, thiab iav iav tsim kom zoo nkauj. Hauv lwm lo lus, ib tus tsis tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj kev tsim ntawm lub hav txwv yeem. Trimming txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo bushes tsis yog ib qho nyuaj rau tag nrho, nws yog ntau nyuaj rau kho lawv. Tau kawg, thaum pruning, koj yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account tus yam ntxwv ntawm txhua hom txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab peb yuav tham txog lawv me ntsis tom qab.
Ib ob peb lo lus hais txog cov cuab yeej tsim nyog rau kev cog qoob loo. Lub vaj cov ntaub ntawv thiab pruner yuav tsum tau ntse thiab zoo. Tsis txhob hloov ib lub vaj pom nrog ib tug niaj hnub hacksaw. Nws yog qhov tsis yooj yim thiab nyuaj rau kev ua haujlwm nrog nws; cov ceg nyob sib ze uas tsis xav tau pruning feem ntau puas. Cov kev txiav yuav tsum yog tib yam thiab huv si. Nrog pruning kom raug, lawv yuav kis tsawg dua thiab loj hlob sai.
Luag
Cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev kho kom zoo nkauj hauv vaj yog cog txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Nws yuav tsum tau ua raws li qhov project toj roob hauv pes, thaum coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov nyiam ntawm txhua hom. Cov yub yuav tsum tau yooj yim thiab yooj yim, vim tias cov nroj tsuag tau cog rau lub sijhawm ntev. Tsis muaj tsawg tseem ceeb yog qhov kev xaiv ntawm qhov chaw, kev cog qoob loo thiab kev saib xyuas tom qab cog qoob loo. Cog yog nqa tawm ib lub sij hawm nyob ntawm seb hom qoob loo, lub caij, climatic tej yam kev mob, physiologicalshrub state.
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov nroj tsuag cog. Feem ntau lawv pib cog lossis hloov pauv thaum lub Cuaj Hli kawg (txog thaum Lub Kaum Hli), tab sis lub sijhawm zoo tshaj plaws yog caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Kev xav tau siab yog muab tso rau ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov av (acidity, fertility, muaj cov chiv thiab noo noo theem). Yuav kom tsim tau tej yam kev mob rau kev vam meej kev loj hlob ntawm shrubs, lawv cov chaw cog yog raug mus rau kev sib sib zog nqus tillage nrog rau sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws. Tom qab ntawd, rau txhua lub hav txwv yeem, ib tus neeg
cog qhov tob, qhov tob yuav tsum tsawg kawg ib nrab ib 'meter'.
Kev saib xyuas cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog ib qho kev ua ub no uas suav nrog pruning, hnav khaub ncaws sab saum toj, watering thiab tiv thaiv kab tsuag. Nws qhov kev ua tau zoo yuav tso cai rau koj kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo. Raspberries, blackberries, currants, gooseberries yog tag nrho cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab Berry bushes. Tau txiav txim siab txog qhov dav dav ntawm kev cog txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab saib xyuas lawv, cia peb mus rau qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov nroj tsuag no.
Blackcurrant yog qhov nyiam ntawm cov neeg ua teb Lavxias. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj txiaj ntsig yog photophilous, txawm hais tias nws zam me ntsis shading zoo. Nws nyiam qhov nruab nrab fertile av los yog nrog qis acidification (6-6, 5), tsis raug dej nyab hauv av. Currant yog cov qoob loo-hlub noo noo thiab xav tau kev ywg dej tsis tu ncua. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov qhuav, nws yuav tsum tau watered txhua txhua peb lub lis piam. Berry propagated los ntawm cuttingslos yog kab kab rov tav. Lub sijhawm nyiam tshaj plaws rau kev cog qoob loo yog lub caij nplooj zeeg, tab sis currants cog thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav kuj coj cov cag zoo.
cog qhov yog npaj los ntawm kev ua tib zoo khawb av thiab ntxiv humus. Lawv nyob ntawm qhov deb ntawm 1.5-2 meters. Seedlings yog tob los ntawm 10 cm, teem lawv obliquely thiab shortening mus rau 2-3 buds. Txhua xyoo fertilizing nrog nitrogen thiab organic chiv thiab tswj kom zoo acidity nrog dolomite hmoov los yog tshauv yog tsim nyog. Pruning tsim nyog yuav pab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm tus kab mob. Bush yuav tsum muaj 15-20 ceg ntawm cov hnub nyoog sib txawv. Currant pruning yog ua tiav rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav lossis Lub Kaum Hli (tom qab nplooj nplooj poob). Bushes yog thinned tawm los ntawm kev txiav tawm cov ceg ntoo, 5-6-xyoo-laus ceg nrog qaug zog (tsawg dua 15 cm) kev loj hlob tag nrho los yog kom muaj zog lateral branching.
Kab mob ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis txhob hla lub currant: nws nquag ua rau anthracnose, powdery mildew, currant bud mites. Txhawm rau zam kev tawm tsam ntawm cov kab tsuag lossis kab mob uas cov qoob loo no feem ntau raug rau, kev ua haujlwm caij nplooj ntoos hlav yuav tso cai. Currants, piv txwv li, tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm da dej ntawm cov dej npau npau.
Tsuas yog cov dej hau tsuas yog nchuav rau hauv lub pas dej hlau thiab cov hav txwv yeem yog watered saum toj mus rau hauv qab. Koj tuaj yeem kho cov berries los ntawm kev txau nrog Bordeaux sib tov. Qhov no yuav tsum tau ua thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav, ua ntej pib cog qoob loo.
Raspberries
Cov saj zoo ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, lawv cov txiaj ntsig zoo, nrog rau cov ntoo zoo nkauj raspberrytxaus siab los ntawm ntau gardeners. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau xav txog lub caij ntuj sov tsev uas yuav tsis decorate no Berry Bush. Nyob ntawm ntau yam, qhov siab ntawm raspberry bushes ncav cuag ob meters. Rau qhov zoo rov qab los ntawm kev sau qoob loo, koj yuav tsum cog raspberries nyob rau hauv kab, nrog ib nrab-meter lub caij nyoog ntawm bushes, nyob rau hauv qhov nrog ib tug tob ntawm 0.3 m. Lub sij hawm zoo tshaj plaws rau cog nws yog lub caij nplooj zeeg, txij li thaum raspberries pib loj hlob nquag los ntawm lub caij nplooj zeeg. thawj hnub caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Thaum cog, cov hauv paus hniav yuav tsum tau muab tso rau kab rov tav ntawm cov av saum npoo. Tsis tas yuav cog cov av.
Raspberry yog unpretentious, nws txoj kev saib xyuas muaj nyob rau hauv obligatory pruning. Nws tso cai rau koj kom nce tus naj npawb ntawm peduncles thiab, yog li ntawd, tawm los. Thaum lub sij hawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav pruning, 7-9 muaj zog tua raug tso rau ntawm Bush. Tom qab sau qoob, cov stems uas muaj hnub nyoog ob xyoos yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm, ceev faj kom tsis txhob tawm hauv stumps. Pests lub caij ntuj no zoo nyob rau hauv lawv, thiab nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tsis txhob muab lub sij hawm no rau lawv. Raspberries, zoo li ntau tsob ntoo txiv ntoo thiab tsob ntoo, yog cov dej noo-hlub thiab xav tau nruab nrab, tab sis tsis muaj dej ntau dhau. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws pub rau nws yog humus.
Gooseberry yog qhov qis (tsis ntau tshaj ib 'meter' siab) Berry bush, cov ceg ntawm cov uas tau them nrog prickly pos. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog puag ncig los yog oval berries ntawm ntsuab, liab los yog daj xim. Gooseberries yog drought-resistant, tsis nyiam noo noo ntau dhau, watering yuav tsum tsawg thiab tsis plentiful.
Kev pruning ntawm gooseberries yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb. Nws yog tus yuam sij rau kev sau qoob loo ntau. Peb mus rau tsib cov tub ntxhais hluas muaj zog tua raug xaiv txhua xyoo, txiav tawm tag nrho tus so hauv qablub hauv paus heev. Nws yog ib qho ua tau kom tshem tawm cov kab mob, cov ceg ntoo thiab tawm los ntawm rhizomes thaum lub caij cog qoob loo tag nrho. Txhua xyoo koj yuav tsum tau ntxiv cov hav txwv yeem nrog cov ceg tshiab. Lawv tus lej tag nrho ib tsob ntoo yuav tsum tsis pub ntau tshaj 10-15.
Lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav ua haujlwm ntawm cov nroj tsuag yuav pab kom tsis txhob muaj cov tsos mob ntawm aphids thiab lwm yam kab tsuag. Gooseberry bushes nrog kev saib xyuas zoo tuaj yeem txi txiv mus txog 25 xyoo.
No shrub is the most photophilous of garden crops. Yog li ntawd, honeysuckle tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev xav tau ntawm pruning. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muaj peev xwm ua kom tuab yog tias pruning tsis tau nqa tawm tsuas yog 2-3 xyoos. Honeysuckle yog ib tsob ntoo loj loj, ncav cuag 2 m hauv qhov siab, nrog beige flaky bark. Berries - tsaus liab doog nrog ib tug bluish Bloom, oblong duab. Cov saj ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo - los ntawm qab zib thiab qaub-qab zib mus rau qaub nrog pronounced iab - nyob ntawm ntau yam.
Honeysuckle xav tau kev ywg dej ib ntus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ua ntej fruiting. Nws nyiam qhov nruab nrab fertile av thiab xav tau kev hnav khaub ncaws saum toj kawg nkaus: txhua txhua 2-3 xyoos nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg, bushes fertilize 10 kg ntawm humus, 80 g ntawm superphosphate thiab 200 g ntawm tshauv. Txhua xyoo nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, honeysuckle yog pub nrog carbamide - 10 g ib 1 m². Lub caij ntuj no-hardy berry shrub nce loj hauv thawj xyoo. Tom qab lub sijhawm no, shaping pruning yog nqa tawm txhua xyoo.
Berry bushes, cov duab thiab cov ntaub ntawv luv luv uas tau nthuav tawm hauv tsab xov xwm, muaj ntau thoob plaws tebchaws Russia. Qhov no yogCov qoob loo uas nyiam ua vaj, txhua xyoo txaus siab rau cov neeg nyob hauv lub caij ntuj sov nrog cov qoob loo zoo ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo noj qab haus huv.
