Nyob hauv thaj chaw hav zoov ntawm Russia, Scandinavia, Canada thiab North America, cov tsev ntoo tau ua ntev ntev. Cov cav ntoo lossis kab teeb tau sib txuas ua ke hauv kab, uas yog hu ua cov yas.
Mezhventsovy rwb thaiv tsev yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim kho tshuab.
nws yog dab tsi
Kev npaj ntawm tsob ntoo pob zeb siv los ua cov khoom siv phab ntsa yog tam sim no ua tiav los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuab tshwj xeeb. Cov cav yog cylinderized los ntawm tig thiab muaj ib qho zoo kawg nkaus puag ncig raws tag nrho ntev. Thiab profiled glued ntoo, uas muaj tshwj xeeb grooves rau ib tug nruj kev twb kev txuas, yog suav hais tias yog cov khoom zoo tshaj plaws rau cov phab ntsa ntoo. Tab sis txawm nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, muaj peev xwm ntawm tshuab cov phab ntsa los ntawm kab rov tav seams ntawm lub crowns.
Ntoo yog cov khoom muaj sia. Nws yog qhov tshwj xeeb zoo nkauj ntawm ntoo uas ua rau huab cua ntawm lub tsev log muaj nuj nqis. Tab sis li no lub ntsiab tsis zoo ntawm cov ntoo ua cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Nws yog raug rau shrinkage thiab deformation nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub caij nyoog hloov nyob rau hauv kub thiab av noo, los ntawmQhov sib txawv ntawm microclimate sab hauv ntawm lub tsev thiab atmospheric tej yam kev mob, los ntawm multidirectional loads paub los ntawm txawv qhov chaw thiab cov qauv ntawm lub tsev.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj cua sov thiab them nyiaj rau qhov tsis tuaj yeem deformations, xav tau kev cuam tshuam kev cuam tshuam.
Function txhais qhov zoo
Mezhventsovy rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsum muaj cov khoom tsim nyog.
Txaus qhov ntom ntom thiab elasticity yog qhov tsim nyog los tshem tawm cov kab nrib pleb thaum ua haujlwm hauv tsev. Nws yuav tsum tsis txhob crumple los ntawm ntsug load thiab sau lub resulting voids.
Tsawg thermal conductivity yog xav tau los tiv thaiv kev kub ntxhov. Lub peev xwm nqus dej ntau dhau los ntawm huab cua thiab tso dej thaum nws tsis muaj yog ib qho zoo ntawm ntoo. Cov kev cuam tshuam cov rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsum muaj vapor permeability thiaj li tsis txo qhov zoo ntawm ntoo. Li no, cov kev xav tau nce ntxiv rau ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg. Kev tso tawm cov khoom tsis zoo los yog ua xua los ntawm lub tshuab cua sov yuav cuam tshuam cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau tib neeg lub cev ntawm ib puag ncig ntuj ntawm lub tsev ntoo. Kev tsim ib puag ncig rau kev tsim cov kab mob tsis zoo kuj raug cais tawm.
Durability thiab kev lag luam muaj feem cuam tshuam. Kev xav tau kev hloov pauv ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev thiab kho cov seams yuav ua rau cov nqi tsis tsim nyog thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsev. Tau ntau xyoo lawm, tsuas yog cov khoom siv zoo tsis tuaj yeem hloov pauv lub cev thiab cov cuab yeej cuab tam thiab tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg. Biostability yog ib qho tseem ceeb, uas yog, kev cuam tshuam cov rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsum tsis txhob rot thiab ua pwm, yuav tsum tsis txhob uazaub mov rau noog, nas, npauj, thiab lwm yam.
Thaum pib muaj moss
Moss nrog ntev fibers (liab moss, sphagnum, kukushkin flax) yog ib txwm siv rau ua kom sov lub tsev log hauv Russia. Nws cov khoom zoo heev - tsis tshua muaj thermal conductivity, muaj peev xwm nqus tau thiab tso cov dej noo nyob ntawm cov av ib puag ncig, cov kab mob bactericidal - yog qhov nyuaj rau cov khoom tsim tawm. Qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb yog qhov nyuaj hauv kev teeb tsa kev lag luam sau thiab tso.
Cov khoom siv raws li cov nroj tsuag fibers yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev cuam tshuam cov rwb thaiv tsev. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum nws tau npaj tshwj xeeb rau kev tso rau ntawm cov cav ntoo lossis ntoo. Flax fiber, hemp (hemp fiber) tau ntev tau siv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cab rau rwb thaiv tsev thiab caulking ntawm seams. Cov tuam txhab lag luam niaj hnub hla lawv los ntawm kev siv lub tshuab thiab rab koob xuas nrig ntaus thiab muab cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim-rau-siv dov ntawm flax xav thiab ribbon tow.
Hauv daim ntawv zoo sib xws, jute interventional rwb thaiv tsev yog muab rau kev tsim kho kev lag luam. Nws yog raws li raw cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov hauv paus chiv keeb, muab rau Russia los ntawm cov teb chaws ntawm Southeast Asia thiab Africa.
Tsis yog tag nrho cov fibers ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb tuaj yeem siv los ua kev cuam tshuam rau cov ntoo lossis cov cav ntoo. Paj rwb los yog ntaub plaub batting, xav yog kiag li tsis haum rau lub hom phiaj no. Ntxiv nrog rau qhov ntom ntom, lawv nqus dej, thiab npauj inevitably pib hauv cov ntaub plaub.
Mineral thiab hluavtaws
BNyob rau hauv niaj hnub kev tsim kho, rau kev rwb thaiv tsev ntawm phab ntsa, qab nthab, qab nthab, ru tsev, ntau cov ntaub ntawv yog siv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm mats, blocks, yob, aerosols, thiab lwm yam. Lawv muaj kev ua tau zoo heev nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev tiv thaiv thermal thiab ya raws, tab sis yog kiag li tsis haum rau siv nyob rau hauv ntoo vaj tse.
Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog qhov tsis ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau vapor permeability. Cua sov raws li iav ntaub plaub thiab bas alt ntxhia raw cov ntaub ntawv yog compressed nyob rau hauv lub luj ntawm lub crowns. Cov huab cua los ntawm qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm cov fibers yog nyem tawm thiab lub impenetrable barrier yog tsim rau cov dej vapor muaj nyob rau hauv cov huab cua thiab nyob rau hauv ntoo nws tus kheej. Ntxiv rau qhov ua rau lub microclimate ntawm lub tsev tsis zoo, cov dej noo ntau dhau ntawm cov ciam teb ntawm ntoo thiab rwb thaiv tsev thiab maj mam rhuav tshem cov phab ntsa. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, qhov chaw uas cov dej noo accumulates khov los ntawm thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov qauv nrawm.
Tseem tsis muaj qhov cua hauv cov ntaub ntawv polymeric ntxeem tau. Nthuav polystyrene, foamed polyethylene, nruj polyurethane ua npuas ncauj, ua npuas ncauj roj hmab, mounting foams, sealants thiab lawv ob peb ua ke yuav siv tsis tau raws li interventional rwb thaiv tsev. Ntxiv rau qhov nkim nyiaj, koj tuaj yeem tau txais ib lub tsev uas tsis muaj neeg nyob thiab tsis muaj zog.
Exotic qhua
Dhau li ntawm flax thiab hemp, muaj lwm cov nroj tsuag fiber ntau. Jute interventional rwb thaiv tsev yog tau txais koob meej. Jute yog cov nroj tsuag fiber ntau muab rho tawm los ntawm tsob ntoo txhua xyoo ntawm tib lub npe uas loj hlob hauv thaj tsam subtropical ntawm Asia thiab Africa. Nws belongs rau spinning (bast) nroj tsuag ntawm tsev neeg linden. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm daim ntawv thov, nws zoo ib yam li flax thiab hemp (technical hemp), tab sis muajqee qhov zoo sib txawv.
Ob lub khaub ncaws thiab ntaub pua txaj yog tsim los ntawm cov flax, thiab cov ntaub ntawv siv rau cov thawv thiab hlua yog tsim los ntawm jute. Piv nrog rau lwm cov nroj tsuag fibers, jute fibers yog ntau coarse thiab nkig. Cov kws tshaj lij piav qhia qhov no los ntawm kev nce cov ntsiab lus ntawm lignin hauv jute. Nws yog ntuj molecular hnyav hnyav polymer uas ua rau lignification ntawm cov nroj tsuag hlwb. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, pectin thiab siv quav ciab yuav luag tsis tuaj hauv jute, uas muab elasticity thiab yooj.
Cov fibers theem pib uas ua rau jute strand yog luv luv dua li cov flax thiab hemp. Li no qhov nce hygroscopicity (lub peev xwm nqus dej noo), vim. cov capillaries tsim nyob rau hauv cov fibers yog luv, nws yooj yim dua rau cov dej kom saturate lawv.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm jute rwb thaiv tsev
Y Jute fiber rwb thaiv tsev yog tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cab los yog muaj ntaub nplaum 5-15 hli tuab. Tow zoo dua rau lub phab ntsa ua los ntawm cov cav ntoo lossis ntoo, npaj tsis siv cov calibration ntawm cov cav tov. Rwb thaiv tsev strips tau yooj yim nteg rau ntawm kab ntawm cov cav thiab profiled glued beams. Nws yog qhov yooj yim los kho cov kab xev nrog stapler, cov npoo du tsis tas yuav tsum tau ntxiv caulking ntawm seams, nws yooj yim los ua mounting qhov rau dowels, thiab lwm yam.
Lub cev thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm jute fiber txiav txim siab qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo uas muaj kev cuam tshuam kev cuam tshuam los ntawm nws muaj. Jute muab nws ntom ntom, khaub ncaws sib xws nrog rau tag nrho ntev, tiv taus lwj,durability. Ua kom hygroscopicity tuaj yeem dhau los ua qhov tsis muaj cov khoom siv: cov dej noo ntau dhau, sib sau ua ke hauv cov rwb thaiv tsev, tuaj yeem ua rau khov ntawm phab ntsa. Plasticity tsis txaus tuaj yeem ua rau tsim cov voids hauv seams ntawm cav lossis ntoo.
Kwv yees li 2% ntawm tus nqi tsim tsev mus rau kev cuam tshuam kev cuam tshuam. Tus nqi ntawm ib tug khiav 'meter' ntawm ib tug linen strip 20 cm dav nrog ib tug tuab ntawm 8-10 mm yog ib tug nruab nrab ntawm 6 rubles. Ib tug zoo xws li rwb thaiv tsev ua los ntawm 100% jute - 12 rubles. Jute yog cov khoom lag luam tuaj txawv teb chaws, nws tus nqi siab dua li cov ntaub ntawv raw khoom hauv tsev.
kev xaiv zoo tshaj
Kev coj ua ntawm cov kws tshaj lij hauv kev tsim vaj tsev ntoo qhia tau hais tias ib txoj hlua ntawm rab koob punched xav tau los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm linen thiab jute fiber yog qhov kev cuam tshuam zoo tshaj plaws. Jute ntxiv elasticity thiab durability rau linen rwb thaiv tsev. Qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm jute fibers tuaj yeem yog 10 - 50%. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias kev siv cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab (cov hnab jute recycled) ua rau qhov zoo ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev.
