Cov peev txheej ntawm cov kua nplaum muaj ntau yam, nws yog siv hauv kev tsim khoom, kev tsim kho, kho thiab ua qauv. Adhesive pob qij txha yog siv nyob rau hauv kev sib dhos txheej txheem, nyob rau theem ntawm installation ntawm cov qauv thiab cov ntaub ntawv. Cov kua nplaum feem ntau yog siv hauv kev lag luam ntawv thiab ua haujlwm ntoo.
Lub sijhawm lawv keeb kwm, cov nplaum thiab cov khoom sib xyaw tau raug hloov kho. Ua tsaug rau cov thev naus laus zis niaj hnub no, cov nplaum nplaum raws li cov khoom siv hluavtaws tau tshwm sim uas tuaj yeem sib txuas cov ntaub ntawv thiab qhov chaw. Synthetic adhesives muaj zog elasticity, tsis muaj dej thiab foob pob qij txha, thiab tseem ua kom lawv lub neej ua haujlwm ntev. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev siv cov nplaum nplaum zoo yog kev teeb tsa ntawm cov kav dej PVC rau cov nplaum nplaum los yog siv cov khoom siv hluavtaws sib xyaw rau kev kho thiab kho cov cuab yeej siv tshuab (cov kua nplaum yog siv los kho qhov chaw zaum ntawm cov thav duab thiab vaj tse).
Qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm cov nplaum nplaum yog qhov kev ntseeg siab ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm ntau qhov chaw thiab qhov chaw, ua tiav yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dhau ntawm cov qauv tsim (drilling, screed, vuam).
Dab tsiPuas yog kua nplaum thiab nplaum nplaum?
Adhesive yog ib qho sib xyaw lossis ntau cov khoom sib xyaw siv los txuas ntau yam qauv thiab cov khoom siv. Cov nplaum nplaum yog ib-thooj, ib daim ntawv cog lus muaj zog yog tsim los ntawm kev nplaum ntawm cov npoo nrog cov nplaum txheej. Adhesives yog txawv nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg. Cov tshuaj muaj xws li cov organic thiab inorganic polymers. Lub hauv paus ntawm cov nplaum muaj pes tsawg leeg yog cais:
- kub curing polymers;
- txias-kho polymers;
- tshav kub-resistant polymers;
- thermoset thiab thermoplastic polymers;
- polymers siv nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias.
Txoj kev tsim cov thev naus laus zis thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob polymer ua rau nws muaj peev xwm los tsim cov khoom sib xyaw uas muab cov nplaum nplaum zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas nws qhov chaw yav dhau los tsis tuaj yeem ua kom muaj zog adhesion: hlau, ceramics lossis iav. Ntxiv rau lub hauv paus polymer, cov nplaum muaj ntau yam khoom ntxiv los muab cov nplaum nplaum rau cov khoom xav tau thiab cov yam ntxwv (kub tsis kam, ya raws, lub zog, plasticity, thiab lwm yam). Targeted additives yuav ua tau: hardeners, solvents, dyes, plasticizers, thiab lwm yam fillers.
Cov yam ntxwv zoo thiab cov khoom ntawm cov nplaum nplaum yog nyob ntawm qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov nplaum thiab ua raws li cov txheej txheem gluing.
Glue: cov xwm txheej txiav txim siab xaiv
Hauv kev xaiv cov kua nplaum, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog ua los ntawm cov khoom thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv npaj rau gluing, cov xwm txheejkev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm (humidity, kub tej yam kev mob), kwv yees kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm cov nplaum sib koom thiab lub load rau nws. Thaum xaiv cov nplaum, koj yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau tus nqi, kev huv thiab huv tsis huv, combustibility. Ib tug feature ntawm tag nrho cov nplaum pob qij txha yog deterioration ntawm adhesion yam ntxwv nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm, yog li ntawd, adhesive bonds raug puas tsuaj nyob rau hauv tag nrho lub sij hawm ntawm kev ua hauj lwm.
Txo lub zog thiab elasticity ntawm cov nplaum txheej tshwm sim vim raug kub hloov pauv, av noo thiab lwm yam mob. Yog li, ua ntej gluing lub tsev qauv, cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis lossis cov yeeb nkab PVC, cov nplaum sib koom ua ke tau soj ntsuam kom muaj zog raws li kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev kwv yees.
Kev sib cog lus dav dav siv tshuab
Kev siv cuab yeej cuab tam cuam tshuam nrog kev npaj qhov chaw, sib tov cov khoom ntawm cov nplaum nplaum (yog tias xav tau), thov ib txheej ntawm cov nplaum nplaum rau saum npoo thiab tos kom txog thaum tau txais cov nplaum nplaum. Ib qho ntawm cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kev npaj ntawm qhov chaw ua ntej gluing, qhov no ua kom pom kev adhesion. Thaum thov cov nplaum rau saum npoo, kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tau them rau qhov txaus ntawm zaj duab xis thickness. Kev sib dhos ntawm cov nplaum nplaum yog ua tiav nrog kev kho ntawm cov nplaum nplaum, uas yuav tsum muaj nyob rau hauv qhov kev ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws.
Thaum lub sijhawm npaj ntawm kev kho saum npoo, txhua yam kab mob raug tshem tawm, nrog kev pab los ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem tshwj xeeb, qhov chaw degreased, lawv tau muabroughness. Qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev npaj qhov chaw yog ib qho uas sib xyaw ua kom puas (kev puas tsuaj raws li txheej txheej) ntawm cov nplaum nplaum yog pom tau. Rau kev kho mob ntawm qhov chaw yuav tsum tau glued, ob qho tib si tshuaj thiab cov cuab yeej siv los ua kom lub zog ntawm kev sib koom ua ke.
Qhov zoo ntawm cov nplaum nplaum yog nyob ntawm txoj kev siv cov nplaum nplaum rau saum npoo. Cov nplaum yuav tsum tau muab sib npaug ntawm qhov chaw, cov yeeb yaj kiab tuab yuav tsum tsis sib xws thiab thaj tsam ntawm 0.1 txog 0.2 hli. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev siv cov nplaum yog nyob ntawm qhov viscosity ntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg.
Piv txwv li, xav txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev xaiv cov kua nplaum thiab cov thev naus laus zis ntawm cov kua nplaum installation ntawm cov kav dej uas muaj cov kav dej PVC.
Xaiv cov kua nplaum rau cov kav dej PVC
Cov yeeb nkab rau cov kua nplaum sib koom ua los ntawm polyvinyl chloride yog siv hauv kev sib txuas lus engineering rau kev tso dej, siv hauv cov cua sov thiab cov kav dej. Muaj ntau yam thev naus laus zis rau kev sib txuas cov kav dej PVC thiab fittings. Diffusion vuam feem ntau yog siv, txawm li cas los xij, thev naus laus zis ntawm gluing kav nrog fittings kuj nrov heev, uas kuj ua tiav lub zog siab ntawm cov nplaum sib koom.
Cov nplaum sib xyaw siv rau gluing PVC kav muaj cov khoom tseem ceeb polyvinyl chloride, uas yog diluted nrog cov kuab tshuaj kom tau raws li qhov xav tau. Cov nplaum muaj pes tsawg leeg kuj tseem muaj ntau yam additives thiab fillers uas ua rau kom cov waterproofing thiab hermetic zog ntawm cov nplaum. Cov txheej txheem kev sib txuas ntawm lub cev yogCov nplaum muaj pes tsawg leeg yog siv rau saum npoo ntawm cov khoom, ces lawv raug coj los ua ke, dhau sij hawm cov kuab tshuaj evaporates, muaj zog nplaum daim ntawv cog lus yog tsim. Kev siv cov polyvinyl chloride hauv cov nplaum ua kom ntseeg tau qhov adhesion ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qib molecular.
Txhawm rau xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws cov nplaum nplaum rau cov kav dej PVC, xav txog cov hauv qab no:
- paub meej rau lub hom phiaj ua kua nplaum yuav;
- nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub txog koj tus kheej nrog cov thev naus laus zis ntawm kev npaj cov nplaum nplaum, PVC-raws li cov nplaum tuaj yeem muaj ob yam, cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau lub zog ntawm cov nplaum sib koom;
- teeb tsa nrawm, uas rau feem ntau cov txheej txheem tsis pub dhau 1-2 feeb (nyob ntawm cov av noo thiab huab cua kub);
- nplaum rau cov kav dej PVC muaj xim sib txawv;
- Viscosity ntawm npaj-rau-siv formulation.
Technology rau mounting PVC kav nrog cov txheej txheem nplaum
Cov tshuaj nplaum yog sib xyaw kom zoo. Yog hais tias lub ntsiab Cheebtsam yuav tsum tau kev cob cog rua ntawm nws tus kheej, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los soj ntsuam qhov tseeb proportions. Cov yeeb nkab rau cov nplaum nplaum yog npaj rau ntawm qhov chaw gluing, qhov chaw yog ntxuav thiab degreased. Installation pib nrog daim ntawv thov ntawm cov nplaum rau qhov chaw yuav tsum tau glued. Cov kua nplaum yog siv nrog txhuam nrog ib qho kev faib tawm ntawm qhov chaw, kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab thiab kev tso tawm ntawm ib qho ntawm cov ntu tsis raug tso cai. Tom qab ua tiav cov txheej txheem rau ntub cov chaw nrog cov kua nplaum, cov yeeb nkab ntu yog ua ke nrog qhov haum.
Tom qab ua kom haum thiab cov yeeb nkab, cov nplaum nplaum yuav tsum tau kho kom ruaj khov rau 15-20 vib nas this, tom qab uas thawj cov nplaum sib txuas tau tsim thiab cov nplaum nplaum. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tseeb tias cov qauv yog tsau nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb txoj hauj lwm ua ntej gluing, raws li twisting los yog lwm yam manipulation yog tsis tso cai. Cov nplaum nplaum yuav tsum tau so li 15 feeb kom txog thaum cov kuab tshuaj tau evaporated tag.
Kev sib txuas ntawm txhua ntu ntawm cov kav dej, suav nrog cov fittings thiab cov kav dej PVC. Tom qab 24 teev txij li lub sijhawm ua tiav ntawm kev teeb tsa, cov nplaum nplaum raug kuaj xyuas kom nruj thiab lub zog nyob rau hauv cov dej siab.
Kev ntseeg ntawm cov nplaum nplaum
Txoj kev xav tau rau kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov nplaum nplaum yog tsim los ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom sib txuas thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib txuas. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ntau qhov kev txwv thoob ntiaj teb uas txhua qhov kev sib txuas yuav tsum ua raws.
Cov yam ntxwv kev ntseeg tau yooj yim rau txhua hom kev sib koom ua ke:
- sib npaug lub zog ntawm cov khoom siv nplaum nrog cov nplaum sib koom;
- kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov nplaum nplaum nrog cov khoom nplaum;
- Kev ruaj ntseg ntawm adhesion daim ntawv cog lus thiab qhov zoo ntawm kev kho saum npoo txiav txim siab qhov ntsuas ntawm kev ruaj khov thiab kev ntseeg tau.
Lub cim tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov nplaum nplaum yog los xyuas kom meej lub zog ntawm kev sib koom ua ke sib npaug los yog ntau dua li lub zog ntawm cov monolithic ib feem ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum tau glued. Cov txheej txheem rau kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov nplaum txuas, raws li cov yam ntxwvkev ua haujlwm, tej zaum yuav yog:
- dej tsis kam: lub peev xwm ntawm cov nplaum txheej los tiv thaiv qhov cuam tshuam ntawm dej;
- tshav kub tsis kam: lub peev xwm ntawm daim ntawv nplaum kom muaj zog, khov thiab elasticity nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias;
- biological stability: lub peev xwm ntawm cov nplaum txheej thiab tag nrho kev sib koom ua ke kom khaws nws cov khoom qub nyob rau hauv kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov txheej txheem lom neeg.
Qhov zoo ntawm cov nplaum nplaum
Kev siv cov nplaum sib tov raws li cov khoom siv polymers thiab cov khoom siv hluavtaws tau nthuav dav dav ntawm cov yas. Synthetic adhesive, uas yog kev daws teeb meem (melt) ntawm cov khoom siv polymer, yog cov khoom siv yas. Lub ntsiab kom zoo dua ntawm cov khoom siv nplaum nplaum yog kev khaws cia ntawm lub cev thiab kev zoo nkauj ntawm cov khoom sib txuas. Txhim khu kev sib txuas ntawm cov dav hlau hla thaj chaw loj yog muab los ntawm cov nplaum polymer. Adhesive cov pob qij txha ua los ntawm cov khoom siv polymer tau ua tiav ob qho tib si rau kev sib txuas cov chaw loj thiab rau qhov chaw sib txuas ntawm cov qauv me me.
9 Yog vim li cas Bonding
- Adhesives tuaj yeem tsim kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov khoom siv nrog lub cev sib txawv thiab qhov ntau thiab tsawg. Lub tshuab gluing yog qhov zoo tshaj rau lwm cov thev naus laus zis, suav nrog vuam, vim nws tuaj yeem txuas cov ntawv nyias thiab cov ntaub ntawv tsis yooj yim.
- Kawtso cai rau koj kom sib npaug faib kev ntxhov siab rau tag nrho lub dav hlau, uas yog qhov nyuaj rau kev ua tiav siv cov welded lossis riveted pob qij txha. Kev siv cov welded thiab riveted pob qij txha yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm cov ntsiab lus kev ntxhov siab tsuas yog ntawm cov ntsiab lus sib txuas.
- Adhesive pob qij txha muab kev ceev ntawm kev sib dhos ntawm cov qauv, thaum ua haujlwm tau zoo. Gluing thev naus laus zis yog universal thiab tuaj yeem hloov ntau txoj hauv kev sib txuas.
- Tshaj tawm cov thev naus laus zis ntau lawm thiab ntau yam ntawm cov nplaum sib xyaw ua kom nws siv tau rau ntau theem ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim khoom.
- Tus nqi ntawm cov nplaum sib koom ua ke thiab nws lub zog feem ntau dhau ntawm cov cim qhia ntawm lwm txoj hauv kev rau kev sib txuas cov qauv thiab cov khoom. Cov pob qij txha ua nrog cov kua nplaum yog sib dua li cov welded lossis riveted pob qij txha.
- Cov ntaub nplaum nplaum muaj lub peev xwm tshwj xeeb los nqus, faib thiab hloov cov kev ntxhov siab thoob plaws lub dav hlau ntawm cov qauv tsim. Lub elasticity thiab deformability ntawm cov nplaum txheej ua rau muaj kev ntseeg siab ntawm kev sib txuas.
- Adhesive tuaj yeem ua tiav cov ntaub ntawv kub-rhiab thiab cov khoom uas tuaj yeem tawg lossis deformed los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.
- Cov kua nplaum tuaj yeem ua cov khoom sib khi, muab tsis tau tsuas yog kev sib txuas txhim khu kev qha ntawm cov qauv, tab sis kuj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov dej noo thiab tshuaj lom neeg. Adhesive seams yog zoo ntawm insulating cua sov thiab suab,zoo heev dielectrics.
- Muaj ntau cov nplaum nplaum tsim los rau cov huab cua nyuaj, nrog rau lawv cov kev pab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov nplaum nplaum nplaum tau txais. Kev siv cov khoom sib xyaw tshwj xeeb ua rau nws tuaj yeem ua cov nplaum nplaum thiab cov khoom tsis muaj cov khoom siv cua sov ntawm qhov kub thiab av noo siab.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov nplaum nplaum
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov nplaum nplaum, tshwj xeeb yog cov uas tau siv cov nplaum hluavtaws, yog qhov ua tsis tau zoo ntawm lawv cov kev siv hnyav thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hnyav ua haujlwm.
Kev sib txuas cov qauv nrog cov kua nplaum yuav tsum muaj kev ua haujlwm siab thiab kev tswj hwm ntawm lawv cov kev ua tiav. Cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau saib xyuas cov kev txwv thiab hom kev sib txuas, ua raws li cov thev naus laus zis ntawm kev kho cov nplaum nplaum, nrog rau cov khoom seem ntawm cov qauv thaum tsim cov hitch. Los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas cov pob qij txha tshwm sim, tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov ua tau ntawm kev sib koom ua ke.
Rau ntau cov nplaum ua lag luam, cov txheej txheem kho yog siv cov khoom cua sov. Kev sib txuas kub feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem ua tau thaum koom nrog cov qauv loj, nyuaj.
Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum paub thaum xav txog cov nplaum nplaum?
- Txhua cov cuab yeej sib txuas ua ke koom nrog kev kho mob ntau yam kev ua haujlwm, uas ua rau cov txheej txheem nyuaj. Cov txheej txheem kho ntawm cov nplaum sib koom yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm cov av qeeg, tswj xyuastas li siab thiab kub tej yam kev mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub sijhawm kho tag nrho yuav siv sijhawm ntev. Rau qee hom kev lag luam adhesives, cov kauj ruam kev sib koom ua ke yuav tsum ua kom sov cov nplaum nplaum.
- Adhesive pob qij txha tau ua tib zoo tsim, cov kws tshaj lij tshuaj xyuas qhov tensile thiab tev tawm, suav cov kev ntxhov siab tshwm sim los ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm thermal expansion coefficients ntawm lub dav hlau nplaum thiab cov kab nplaum.
- Cov pob qij txha, txawm tias lawv cov khoom zoo, muaj qhov tsis zoo - tsis muaj cua sov. Kev siv cov kua nplaum rau kev sib dhos yog txwv yog tias cov qauv ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kub siab. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau hom nplaum nplaum tuaj yeem raug rhuav tshem los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev sib tsoo.
- Txhim kho cov ntsiab lus gluing tsis ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tswj tau qhov zoo ntawm kev sib txuas.
- Kev sib txuas tau los ntawm gluing yog tsis sib cais, vim li no, kev siv cov kua nplaum ua rau cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tshem tawm lossis rhuav tshem cov qauv. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm kev siv hnyav hauv ib puag ncig hnyav lossis kev ua haujlwm hnyav, nws tsis tuaj yeem suav qhov ua haujlwm ntev ntawm cov nplaum sib koom.
