Rwb thaiv tsev yog lub npe nrov rau cov khoom siv uas tsim los txo cov cua sov thiab suab.
hom kev rwb thaiv tsev
Xav txog hom rwb thaiv tsev, lawv cov yam ntxwv thiab daim ntawv thov, uas yuav tso cai rau koj xaiv cov ntaub ntawv zoo. Nws muaj ob hom tseem ceeb ntawm nws: cua sov thiab suab rwb thaiv tsev. Thawj txo cov cua sov. Qhov no ua rau muaj qhov kub thiab txias dua, txo cov cua sov thiab cua txias hauv tsev. Soundproofing ua rau lub tsev zoo nkauj nyob rau hauv, tiv thaiv los ntawm cov suab nrov sab nraud. Txhawm rau xaiv cov khoom lag luam zoo tshaj plaws, koj tuaj yeem kawm txog kev faib tawm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, suav nrog R-tus nqi, vim qhov no yog qhov ntsuas kev tiv thaiv rau cov cua sov. Qhov ntsuas no siab dua, qhov zoo dua.
Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob kub siv:
- hauv kev tsim kho rau facade thiab sab hauv ua haujlwm nrog daim ntawv thov ntawm phab ntsa, pem teb, ru tsev;
- rau kev ua haujlwm - lawv insulate cov kav dej thiab ntau yam khoom siv;
- hom tshwj xeeb suav nrog infrared, nqus tsev, pom, huab cua - thev naus laus zis rwb thaiv tsev, cov yam ntxwv uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tswj tau qhov ntsuas kub hauv chav.
Ntau yam raw khoom
Organic rwb thaiv tsev suav nrog ntau yam khoom siv polymeric uas yog lub teeb yuag, tswj qhov kub kom zoo, tab sis ignite yooj yim, yog li yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv.
Hom rwb thaiv tsev, lawv cov yam ntxwv thiab daim ntawv thov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv raw uas lawv tsim. Lawv tuaj yeem yog:
- organic;
- inorganic.
Cov cua sov sib txawv hauv cov qauv thiab yog granular, fibrous, cellular. Thiab tseem yog daim ntawv: los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv dov, daim hlau mus rau cov khoom siv. Qhov taw qhia tshwj xeeb yog tus cwj pwm ntawm qhov hluav taws kub: los ntawm ntau yam uas tiv taus rau hluav taws kub, uas yog siv rau qee yam, nqaim lub hom phiaj.
Cov khoom lag luam ntoo hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov laug cam, sawdust, shavings, nrog rau cov ntawv siv dua tshiab, ntau hom khib nyiab los ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb yog hu ua "organic wall insulation", tus nqi uas yog qis tshaj. Cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no yog siv rau cov tsev ntiag tug, tab sis lawv tau ntub yooj yim thiab tsis tiv taus kev lwj.
Inorganic cov ntaub ntawv muaj xws li ntxhia wool thiab nws cov derivatives, pob zeb thiab iav khoom, metallurgy pov tseg nrog tshwj xeeb technologies nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ua npuas ncauj, fiber, cellular lug. Lawv yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov nruab nrab lub ntiajteb txawj nqus, tsis muaj zog, thiab ntub dej. Yog li ntawd, lawv tsuas yog siv ua ke nrog lwm cov khoom siv hauv tsev.
Cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev sib xyaw suav nrog cov khoom siv asbestos (khoom,ntaub pua plag, foam). Lawv yog cov hnyav, nplaim retardant, tab sis tuaj yeem tso cov pa phem yog tias tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv lossis teeb tsa tsis raug.
Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yooj yim
Hom kev rwb thaiv tsev tseem ceeb, lawv cov yam ntxwv thiab daim ntawv thov tuaj yeem raug txiav txim siab ntawm qhov piv txwv ntawm cov khoom siv insulating feem ntau.
iav ntaub plaub yog tsim los ntawm cov iav siv dua tshiab thiab xuab zeb, dej qab zib tshauv thiab limestone. Tom qab ntawd lub iav yog molded nrog resin rau hauv ntau lab ntawm cov fibers ntshiab uas yog sib koom ua ke. Xws li cov cua sov tuaj yeem ua rau hauv daim ntawv yob thiab daim hlau. Mineral wool yog tsim los ntawm cov pob zeb molten nyob rau hauv lub cub tawg, los ntawm qhov uas nws tau tshuab ntawm qhov kub ntawm txog 1600 ° C. Cov khoom tiav yog tsim nyob rau hauv yob thiab ntawv. Qhov ntom ntawm hom rwb thaiv tsev no tuaj yeem sib txawv. Nws ua raws li qhov zoo thermal thiab suab rwb thaiv tsev.
Rigid thermal rwb thaiv tsev boards tau muab faib ua:
- Polyurethane (PUR) daim hlau, lawv tau ntim nrog roj, tab sis kho nrog txhuas ntawv ci kom tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob tawm.
- Polyisocyanurate (PIR) cov laug cam muaj ntev fiberglass hauv lawv cov qauv.
- Polystyrene boards, xws li rwb thaiv tsev ua npuas ncauj, yog cov ntaub ntawv zoo rau kev tiv thaiv los ntawm huab cua kub thiab suab nrov.
Reflective foil rwb thaiv tsev yog ib qho khoom zoo nkauj thiab siv tau zoo uas feem ntau siv hauv kev tsim kho kev lag luam. Cov khoom siv nrog ntawv ci txo cov cua sov hloov mus txog li 97%. xav txoglub insulator ua raws li cov ntaub thaiv npog loj tiv thaiv vaporization thiab txo cov dej noo condensation. Kev ntub dej tuaj yeem yog teeb meem nrog qee cov ntaub ntawv fiberglass.
Eco-isolation
Eco cov khoom muaj xws li ib puag ncig hom rwb thaiv tsev. Cov no yog thermal thiab acoustic slabs thiab yob, wool wadding, hemp thiab recycled polyester. Txoj kev qhuav ntawm kev tsim kho muaj cov txheej txheem ntawm cov phab ntsa ntub dej. Lawv siv los hloov cov ntaub ntub dej.
Cov pa taws ua pa, cov ntaub ntawv tsis muaj dej, cov nplaum kuj tseem ceeb hauv lub tsev thaiv. Qhov ntom ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev siv nyob rau hauv qhov chaw los tiv thaiv lub ru tsev, sab nraud facade systems, qab nthab thiab qab nthab, pem teb, phab ntsa tuaj yeem sib txawv, uas tso cai rau koj los them rau qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov cheeb tsam sib txawv.
Roll khoom
Yob rwb thaiv tsev yog hom rwb thaiv tsev ntau tshaj plaws thiab pheej yig. Nws muaj qhov hloov pauv tau cov xov mos, feem ntau yog fiberglass. Cov ntaub ntawv no kuj yog tsim los ntawm cov ntxhia (pob zeb thiab slag), yas thiab ntuj fibers xws li paj rwb thiab yaj cov ntaub plaub.
Slabs thiab yob muaj qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm rwb thaiv tsev uas haum rau cov qauv sib txawv ntawm cov ntsia hlau hauv phab ntsa, qab nthab rafters lossis kab teeb, thiab hauv pem teb joists. Nruam rolls tuaj yeem raug txiav los yog txiav kom haum rau txhua qhov chaw tiaj tus kom tsis txhob tawg. Lub tshuab cua sov yog nruab nrog lossis tsis muaj hauv ob sab phlu. Cov neeg tsim khoom feem ntau muab cov ntaub ntawv yob nrog txheej tiv thaiv ntawm kraft ntawv, ntawv ci-kraft ntawv lossis yas raumuab vapor barrier thiab cua barrier. Cov phaj uas muaj qhov tshwj xeeb refractory nto yog tsim nyob rau hauv ntau yam dav rau hauv qab daus phab ntsa thiab lwm qhov chaw uas lawv txheej yuav nyob twj ywm qhib. Lub cladding kuj tseem pab txhawb kom fastening thaum lub sij hawm installation. Txawm li cas los xij, cov slabs uas tsis muaj coated, thaum siv cov rwb thaiv tsev ntxiv, yog cov rwb thaiv tsev zoo tshaj plaws rau cov phab ntsa, tus nqi yog qhov nruab nrab.
| Npe | Price per yob, rub. |
| iav ntaub plaub Ursa | 900-1300 |
| Uniflex "TechnoNIKOL" | 1100-1400 |
| iav ntaub plaub "Izover" | 1100-1300 |
Txheem fiberglass yob thiab slabs muaj cov thermal ua haujlwm siab, tab sis qhov thib ob yog ib thiab ib nrab zaug siab dua.
pob zeb thaiv
pob zeb thaiv yog siv hauv kev tsim lub tsev rau lub hauv paus thiab phab ntsa. Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv lawv. Yog tias cov cores tsis nyob hauv cov pob zeb thiab cov hlau vim li cas ntawm cov txheej txheem, lawv tuaj yeem ntim nrog cov rwb thaiv tsev, uas nce qhov nruab nrab R-tus nqi ntawm phab ntsa. Cov kev tshawb fawb thiab kev sim hauv computer tau pom tias cov cuab yeej ntawm kev sau nrog txhua hom kev tiv thaiv muaj kev txuag roj tsawg, vim tias cov cua sov tau yooj yim ua los ntawm cov khoom seem ntawm cov phab ntsa, cov pob qij txha. Nws yuav ua tau zoo dua rau nruab rwb thaiv tsev ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov blocks. Tus nqi rau nws qis dua tus nqi cua sov.
Rwb thaiv tsev tso rau sab hauv ntawm phab ntsa load-bearing thiab ntawm lub façademuaj qhov zoo ntxiv hauv qhov sib piv rau qhov thaiv uas muaj cov thermal loj. Hauv chav cua txias, qhov kev teeb tsa no pab ua kom qhov kub thiab txias.
Qee lub tuam txhab suav nrog polystyrene hlaws hauv cov pob zeb ua vaj tse. Uas nce R-tus nqi ntawm cov khoom thoob plaws hauv lub ntim. Lwm cov tuam ntxhab ua cov pob zeb ua npuas ncauj. Lawv muaj ob npaug ntawm thermal kuj. Ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev pab kom dav siv cov blocks hauv kev tsim kho.
Muaj ob hom khoom precast autoclaved pob zeb: phab ntsa thaiv ua los ntawm autoclaved aerated qhob thiab autoclaved aerated qhob. Cov khoom no muaj li ntawm 80% huab cua thiab yog siv dav hauv kev tsim kho.
Autoclaved qhob yog kaum npaug ntau dua li cov pob zeb ua ntu zus. Cov blocks loj tau yooj yim sawn thiab cov duab yog hloov kho siv cov cuab yeej pa. Cov khoom siv absorbs dej zoo, yog li nws yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv los ntawm noo noo. Hauv kev tsim cov precast AAC, ya tshauv yog siv los ntawm silica xuab zeb. Qhov no distinguishes nws los ntawm cellular pob zeb. Tshauv yog tsim thaum cov hluav taws kub hnyiab hauv cov nroj tsuag hluav taws xob thiab yog cov khoom siv dawb uas siv los muab pov tseg.
Tsis tas li ntawd, hollow blocks ua los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm cov pob zeb thiab ntoo shavings yog siv los tsim cov phab ntsa sov. Lawv raug ntsia los ntawm qhuav nteg tsis siv tshuaj khib. Ib qho teeb meem uas muaj peev xwm nrog hom thaiv no yog cov ntoo uas raug rau cov dej noo thiab kab.
Rau pob zeb thaiv phab ntsa,Raws li txoj cai, ua npuas ncauj rwb thaiv tsev yog siv thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho lub tsev tshiab thiab overhaul, los yog thermally insulating qhob blocks. Thaiv phab ntsa hauv cov vaj tsev nyob kuj tseem thaiv sab hauv tsev.
Foamed rigid boards thiab ruaj formwork
Txhim rwb thaiv tsev vaj huam sib luag tuaj yeem siv los thaiv yuav luag txhua qhov ntawm lub tsev, los ntawm lub ru tsev mus rau lub hauv paus. Rwb thaiv tsev "Penoplex" los yog lwm daim hlau nruj muab cov cua sov zoo, thiab tseem txo cov thermal conductivity ntawm cov khoom siv. Cov khoom siv feem ntau siv hauv kev tsim cov laug cam yog nthuav dav polystyrenes, uas suav nrog polystyrene, extruded polystyrene ua npuas ncauj - "Penoplex", polyisocyanurates thiab polyurethanes.
Insulating Structural Forms (ICF) feem ntau yog tsim rau cov qauv cam khwb cia, uas tsim cov phab ntsa nrog lub siab tshaj plaws thermal resistance.
ICF cov tshuab muaj cov kab sib txuas sib txuas ua los ntawm cov blocks uas muaj cov txheej txheem rwb thaiv tsev lossis ua npuas ncauj. Cov panels yog fastened ua ke nrog yas ties. Nrog rau cov khoom ua npuas ncauj, cov khoom siv steel hlau yog siv, uas tau ntxiv ua ntej cov pob zeb tau nchuav. Thaum siv cov khoom ua npuas ncauj, cov pas nrig hlau yog nyob rau hauv cov kab noj hniav kom ntxiv dag zog rau phab ntsa.
Rwb thaiv tsev feem ntau yooj yim rau cov kab thiab dej hauv av. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov teeb meem no, qee cov tuam txhab tsim cov tshuaj tua kab-kho ua npuas ncauj thiab siv txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv dej. Txhawm rau txhim kho ICF system lossis rwb thaiv tsev kom zoo (saib xyuas ntawm nounanimous), kev pab los ntawm cov kws paub txog kev paub yog xav tau.
ICF cov neeg siv khoom thov:
- rwb thaiv tsev qhia tau zoo thermal thiab waterproofing.
- Nws nyuaj heev rau kev txhim kho qhov system ntawm koj tus kheej.
- Nws tau ua haujlwm zoo kawg nkaus tau ntau xyoo.
Xaiv hom rwb thaiv tsev
Cov rwb thaiv tsev xoob muaj cov khoom me me ntawm fiber ntau, ua npuas ncauj lossis lwm yam khoom siv. Cov pawg no tsim cov khoom siv uas tuaj yeem sau txhua qhov chaw yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam cov qauv lossis ua tiav. Qhov no muaj peev xwm coj ib daim ntawv rau retrofitting nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas ib txwm hom ntawm rwb thaiv tsev tsis tau muab ntsia ua xoob rwb thaiv tsev haum, tus nqi ntawm uas yog heev tsawg. Cov khoom siv tshaj plaws ntawm hom no yog cellulose, fiberglass thiab ntxhia fibers. Lawv yog tsim los ntawm kev siv cov khoom pov tseg. Cellulose yog tsim los ntawm cov ntawv siv dua tshiab. Fiberglass yog tsim los ntawm 20-30% recycled iav. Mineral rwb thaiv tsev "TechnoNIKOL" feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm 75% los ntawm cov khoom siv tom qab kev lag luam. Qee cov ntaub ntawv rwb thaiv tsev tsis tshua muaj xws li polystyrene hlaws, vermiculite, thiab perlite. Cov rwb thaiv tsev xoob tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau hauv cov kab noj hniav kaw los yog attics. Cellulose, fiberglass thiab ntxhia wool feem ntau xav tau cov kws tshaj lij txhim kho kom ntseeg tau qhov tseeb qhov ceev thiab siab R-tus nqi. Polystyrene granules, vermiculite thiab perlite feem ntau yog nchuav.
Infrared thiabreflective barriers
Feem ntau cov kab hluav taws xob feem ntau tiv thaiv cov hluav taws xob thiab cov cua kub ntws. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws rwb thaiv tsev tsim infrared teeb meem. Lawv qhia txog radiant thermal zog. Xws li rwb thaiv tsev yog ntsia nrog kev pab los ntawm cov kws tshwj xeeb.
Infrared teeb meem yog siv hauv tsev, feem ntau hauv attics. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, txhawm rau txo cov cua sov hauv lub caij ntuj sov, txo cov nqi cua txias. Reflective rho tawm muaj xws li muaj kev cuam tshuam aluminium ntawv ci IR teeb meem.
Cov tshuab no kuj muaj ntau yam substrates hauv daim ntawv kraft ntawv, polyethylene zaj duab xis lossis pob, duab los qhia, thiab lwm yam khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev thermal.
Infrared tawg mus rau hauv txoj kab ncaj nraim los ntawm txhua lub dav hlau thiab ua kom sov li cov khoom nto, uas absorbs lub zog. Thaum lub hnub heats lub ru tsev, qhov no yog qhov kev txiav txim ntawm radiant zog. Feem ntau ntawm cov cua sov no "mus ncig" los ntawm lub ru tsev mus rau lub qab nthab, ua raws lub dav hlau ntawm lub ru tsev.
Cov khoom siv lub ru tsev cua sov radiates lub zog tau txais mus rau qhov chaw txias dua, nrog rau cov pa cua thiab hauv qab nthab.
Qhov IR barrier txo cov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov tshav kub ntawm lub hauv qab ntawm lub ru tsev mus rau lwm tus - hauv qab nthab. Yuav kom ua tau zoo, lub kaw lus yuav tsum fim lub airspace.
Lub teeb thaiv infrared yog lub tshuab cua sov uas nws cov yam ntxwv ua rau nws ua haujlwm zoo dua hauv cov huab cua kub, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum cov cua txias cua nyob hauv qab nthab. Qee cov kev tshawb fawb qhia tias cov teeb meem radiant tuaj yeem txo cov nqi cua txias los ntawm 5% mus rau 10% thaum siv hauv tshav ntuj. Txo qhov kub nce. Qhov no ua rau nws tuaj yeem txo tus nqi cua txias. Nyob rau hauv cov huab cua txias, nws feem ntau raug nqi ntau dua rau nruab thermal rwb thaiv tsev.
Txhim fiber ntau rwb thaiv tsev
Fiber rwb thaiv tsev muaj fiberglass lossis ntxhia wool ua los ntawm pob zeb thiab slag thiab yog siv los tiv thaiv cov pa hauv tsev. Kev tsim tshuab ntawm cov khoom siv no tsis yooj yim. Tab sis TechnoNIKOL ntxhia wool rwb thaiv tsev muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom tshwj xeeb uas nyuaj rau kev sib xyaw ua ke hauv ib yam khoom. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog tias xav tau cov khoom siv uas tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias. Kev teeb tsa feem ntau yog ua los ntawm qhov cua thiab cov kws kho cua txias tshwj xeeb rau ntawm qhov chaw sab nrauv ntawm cov ducts. Yog hais tias lub insulator yog uncoated, ces lub installation ua hauj lwm yog ua tiav nrog kev txhawb zog nrog cement, canvas thiab dej-repellent mastic. Txawv thicknesses ntawm rwb thaiv tsev muab qhov xav tau R-tus nqi. Cov slabs tau teeb tsa kom cov seams nruab nrab ntawm lawv tau ntim nrog cov ntaub nplaum los yog fiberglass thiab mastic.
Ua Npuas Ncauj Dispensers thiab kua insulators
Ua npuas dej yog txau lossis nchuav rau ntawm qhov chaw xav tau. Qee cov ntaub ntawv yuav muaj ob npaug R-tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv. Npuas phab ntsa rwb thaiv tsev nyob txawm tias cov kab noj hniav me tshaj plaws, tsim kom muaj huab cua tsis zoo. Niaj hnub no, feem ntau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no yog sivtshuab tshuab uas tsis siv chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) los yog hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), cov khoom tsim kev puas tsuaj rau lub ntiaj teb txheej ozone. Muaj kua rwb thaiv tsev ua npuas ncauj yog tsim los ntawm cov cement, phenol, polyisocyanurate, polyurethane. Qee hom tsis tshua muaj xws li aisinine thiab tripolymer. Aisinin tuaj yeem txau lossis txhaj tshuaj, ua rau nws muaj ntau yam, thiab nws kuj muaj qhov ua haujlwm zoo rau huab cua thiab dej nkag. Tripolymer yog cov dej-soluble ua npuas ncauj uas tau txhaj rau hauv phab ntsa kab noj hniav. Qhov tshwj xeeb insulator no muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo heev rau hluav taws thiab cua nkag.
Cov kua dej thermal rwb thaiv tsev ua npuas dej ua ke nrog tus neeg ua haujlwm tshuab yog siv los ntawm cov thawv me me. Foamed phab ntsa rwb thaiv tsev yog nchuav rau hauv qhov ntau ntawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv siab. Ob hom nthuav thiab solidify raws li ib tug sib tov. Lawv kuj ua raws li cov duab ntawm kab noj hniav, sau thiab sealing nws ua tib zoo. Kev ncua ua kua ua kua ua npuas ncauj kuj muab. Nws yog tsim los ntws ncig obstacles ua ntej nthuav thiab kho. Cov kua ua npuas ncauj tuaj yeem nchuav ncaj qha los ntawm lub thawv. Nws feem ntau yog siv rau phab ntsa kab noj hniav hauv cov tsev nyob.
Kev teeb tsa ua haujlwm
Kev txhim kho feem ntau ntawm cov kua ua npuas ncauj rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsum muaj cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb thiab yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij installer.
Tom qab tau teeb tsa, cov ntaub thaiv npog thermal muaj hluav taws kub sib npaug ntawm cov phab ntsa ntub dej. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee lub tsev lis dej num tsis paub txog kev txau ua lub vapor barrier. Yog li kev teeb tsa zoo li no tuaj yeem ua tauxav tau kev tiv thaiv vapor ntxiv.
Qee yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv rwb thaiv tsev tuaj yeem ntsia ntawm nws tus kheej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yob lossis ua npuas ncauj. Lwm tus xav tau kev teeb tsa kev tshaj lij.
- kev txawj tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau insulating qhob blocks uas tsis muaj mortar. Thiab cov chaw txuas nrog los ntawm kev teeb tsa lossis cov qauv ntxiv.
- Rwb thaiv tsev ua haujlwm sab nraum phab ntsa chav nyob hauv qhov chaw uas muaj peev xwm simulate chav tsev kub.
- Txiav AAC thiab AAC phab ntsa thaiv tsim 10 npaug ntawm tus nqi insulating ntawm cov pob zeb ua ke.
Kev ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws, lossis R-tus nqi ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev, hom rwb thaiv tsev, lawv cov yam ntxwv thiab daim ntawv thov cuam tshuam rau cov kev xav tau rau kev teeb tsa kom raug.
