Ob peb xyoos dhau los, cov pej xeem ntawm peb lub teb chaws tau kawm ib lo lus tshiab uas tau siv ntau zaus - "European-style renovation". Lub npe no tau muab rau hom tshiab kho, tus yam ntxwv ntawm ntau lub tebchaws nyob sab Europe. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog txhua tus paub tias kev kho dua tshiab nyob sab Europe style yog dab tsi, vim hais tias kom txog thaum tsis ntev los no, rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj, nws txaus los ua kom yooj yim, ntxuav lub qab nthab thiab rov muab cov ntawv qub qub. Txawm li cas los xij, kev kho dua tshiab niaj hnub xav tau ntau dua kev ua haujlwm thiab nyiaj txiag. Tam sim no nws yuav luag tsis tuaj yeem nrhiav ob chav tsev uas muaj tib lub sab hauv tiav.
Lub tswv yim ntawm "Tebchaws Europe-zoo kho dua tshiab"
Euro-kev kho dua tshiab - thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, kev kho tsev ntau tshaj plaws, tab sis nws muaj qee yam qauv, xws li:
- chaw muag khoom;
- yog hloov qhov siab;
- windows;
- xaiv qhov style thiab cov ntaub ntawv raug.
Euro-kev kho dua tshiab ntawm chav tsev muaj qhov tshwj xeeb - tsim ua haujlwm, hauv cov hnub qub cov pej xeem ntawm USSR tsis tuaj yeem them qhov no. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias ib tug neeg npaj yuav kho hom kev kho no, tam sim ntawd nws yog qhov tsim nyog los hloov cov xaim, kav dej thiab kev sib txuas lus kub. Phab ntsa, pem teb thiab qab nthabyog theem thiab ua tiav nrog cov khoom siv niaj hnub thiab kim kim. Tib lub sijhawm, kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yog them rau ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg thiab kev siv hluav taws xob.
Tom qab ua tiav tag nrho cov haujlwm, kev kho dua tshiab hauv lub tsev tshiab lossis lwm chav yuav zoo li nplua nuj, zoo thiab zoo nkauj.
Kev tsim ua haujlwm
Kev kho ntawm hom no pib nrog cov kev pabcuam ntawm tus kws tsim qauv sab hauv. Tus tsim qauv zoo paub meej tias kev kho dua tshiab nyob sab Europe style yog dab tsi, ua rau txoj haujlwm tsim nyog rau lub tsev. Nws tsis tsuas yog cuam tshuam nrog cov tsos ntawm chav tsev, tab sis kuj ua rau kev xaiv cov khoom siv hauv tsev uas tsim nyog rau kev kho dua tshiab. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus kws tshaj lij no yuav tsum tau tsim ib lub tswv yim tshiab rau cov neeg siv khoom siv dej, qhov cua, hluav taws xob, kev nyab xeeb ntawm qhov chaw.
Cov thev naus laus zis niaj hnub ua rau cov neeg siv khoom pom lawv cov vaj tsev kho dua tshiab nrog kev pab los ntawm cov khoos phis tawj tshwj xeeb ua ntej yuav khoom siv hauv tsev. Qhov no yog ib qho ntxiv, txij li tus neeg muaj cai hloov qhov nws tsis nyiam ua ntej qhov kev kho yuav pib.
Ua tsaug rau cov duab kos duab hauv computer, cov neeg siv khoom tuaj yeem kho cov qauv xim ntawm chav tsev, xaiv cov rooj tog uas haum rau sab hauv zoo kawg nkaus, thiab sim tawm cov kev xaiv sib txawv rau muab tso rau hauv chav. Lub tshuab ua pa yav tom ntej thiab kev tso chaw ntawm lub qhov (sockets) nrog cov keyboards nyob ntawm cov kev txwv no.
Nws tseem tsim nyog sau cia tias tus tsim qauv zoo tib yam tsis koom nrog kev txhim kho thaj chaw nyob, qhov no yog ua los ntawm kev tshwj xeebcov tuam txhab uas muaj cov neeg ua haujlwm tsim nyog hauv lawv lub xeev. Tom qab tag nrho, nws muaj peev xwm hloov qhov kev teeb tsa ntawm thaj chaw tsuas yog tom qab tau txais daim ntawv tso cai lees paub qhov raug cai ntawm txoj kev kho no.
Ntxiv mus, kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws tshaj lij kws tshaj lij yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua, nws yuav tsum tau muab lub tswv yim ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsev. Tom qab tag nrho, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas qhov kev txhim kho dua tshiab tsis ua txhaum kev ncaj ncees ntawm tag nrho lub tsev.
Tus nqi kho dua tshiab npaum li cas
Nws yuav luag tsis tuaj yeem suav cov nqi kho dua tshiab, vim tias txhua yam nyob ntawm qhov xav tau ntawm tus neeg siv khoom, tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev, thawj lub xeev ntawm thaj chaw thiab lwm yam. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kws tshaj lij nrog ntau xyoo dhau los tuaj yeem muab kwv yees tus nqi.
Yog tias chav tsev muaj thaj tsam li 40 square metres, ces tus nqi kho yuav yog kwv yees li 230-260 txhiab rubles.
Tus nqi kho dua tshiab ntawm thaj chaw, uas nyob 55 square metres, yuav kim dua li ntawm 50 txhiab rubles.
Cov tswv tsev nrog thaj tsam loj (kwv yees li 80 m2 2) yuav tau them 300-380 txhiab rubles rau kev kho dua tshiab.
Cov tswv ntawm thaj chaw loj nrog thaj tsam li 155 m2 yuav tau muab cov neeg tsim khoom txog 400-500 txhiab rubles.
European cov qauv kho dua tshiab
Txhua tus uas npaj yuav kho dua tshiab hauv nws chav tsev yuav tsum nkag siab tias nws muaj qee yam qauv. Txhua qhov chaw: phab ntsa, qab nthab, pem teb - yuav tsum zoo kawg nkaus du thiab txawm. Cov txiaj ntsig zoo li no tuaj yeem ua tiavtsuas yog thaum siv cov cuab yeej siv niaj hnub, cov khoom siv hauv tsev, thev naus laus zis. Ntxiv mus, kev kho yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij.
Nws yog ib txoj hauv kev yooj yim los xyuas seb cov neeg ua haujlwm puas tau ua raws li cov qauv kev kho zoo nyob sab Europe. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau ua raws li txoj cai, qhov ntev ntawm qhov yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg yog ob meters, tom qab ntawd muab nws tso rau saum npoo kom kuaj xyuas. Yog tias qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov chaw no thiab txoj cai yog qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm ob millimeters, ces cov neeg ua haujlwm tau ua txhua yam raws li qhov xav tau. Txwv tsis pub, kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo thiab koj tuaj yeem thov los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm kom muaj kev pabcuam zoo dua.
Tseem muaj lwm cov qauv uas txhais tau tias kev kho dua tshiab yog:
- hom kev kho no tshem tawm txhua yam ntawm qhov khoob ntawm lub hauv paus thiab phab ntsa, luas, cornices thiab lwm yam;
- thaum tso cov vuas, txhua yam thev naus laus zis yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam, thiab cov seams nruab nrab ntawm nws yuav tsum yog ntsug thiab kab rov tav, qhov tsis sib xws tsis raug tso cai;
- lub qhov rooj uas nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov chav tau teeb tsa zoo kawg nkaus txawm tias lawv tsis txav chaw, thiab tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm lub qhov rooj txuas ntxiv.
Renovation hauv Khrushchev
Txhua Khrushchev yog qhov txawv ntawm lawv qhov me me. Tab sis qhov no tseem tuaj yeem muaj nws qhov zoo - tus tswv ntawm qhov chaw no yuav tau yuav cov khoom siv hauv tsev tsawg dua. Txawm li cas los xij, tus tsim qauv yuav tau ua haujlwm hnyav kom ua tau zoo heev hauv chav tsev me me.
Feem ntau hauv cov tsev no ib qho kev txhim kho me me ua tiav, qhov chaw muaj txiaj ntsig tau nce ntxiv nrog kev pab ntawm zoning. Feem ntau cov chav ua noj yog ua ke nrog ib qho ntawm cov chav. Nws kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau kaw qhov chaw pw tsaug zog los ntawm qhov seem ntawm chav nrog ib tug me me plasterboard muab faib.
Hauv chav dej, nws pom zoo kom nruab chav da dej, uas yuav txuag tau ntau qhov chaw. Ntxiv mus, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua rau nruab ib lub chav da dej nyob rau hauv Khrushchev, nws yog sedentary, thiab nws yog heev nyuaj rau ib tug neeg los ntxuav ib txwm. Yog li, qhov kev xaiv nrog chav da dej yog suav tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws.
cov neeg tseem ceeb kho dua tshiab
Elite European-style renovation yog qhov txawv ntawm classical ib qho uas tsuas yog siv cov khoom siv kim tshaj plaws thiab zoo tshaj plaws ntawm no. Lawv tsis muaj teeb meem kiag li rau tib neeg lub cev. Cov neeg tseem ceeb kho dua tshiab kuj tseem qhia txog cov kev daws teeb meem tshwj xeeb uas yuav ua rau thaj chaw nyob tsis yog zoo nkauj thiab xis nyob - nws yuav dhau los ua ib qho haujlwm tiag tiag.
Txhua cov khoom siv hauv tsev rau hom kev kho no yog tsim los txiav txim, qhov tshwj xeeb xim-iav qhov rais, stucco moldings, qhov rooj, Venetian plasters thiab ntau dua yog siv ntawm no. Txhua qhov kev ua tiav yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo, tsis muaj qhov tsis sib xws, tawg, roughness, thiab lwm yam. Cov neeg tseem ceeb kho dua tshiab txhais tau tias:
- theem phab ntsa;
- ntau theem stretch ceilings;
- txhua qhov xaim thiab kav dej tau hloov pauv mus rau qhov tshiab thiab zoo heev;
- kev tiv thaiv dej yog ua tiavchav dej;
- tshwj xeeb rhuab pem teb raug teeb tsa;
- soundproofing;
- khoom siv tshwj xeeb;
- khoom cuav;
- stained-glass windows.
Khoom siv kho mob
Thaum cov tsev kho kom zoo dua qub, cov neeg nyob hauv yuav tsum nkag siab tias lawv yuav tsum tau yuav cov khoom siv hauv tsev uas tsis yog lub zog zoo thiab cov yam ntxwv zoo nkauj xwb. Lawv kuj yuav tsum ua tau raws li tag nrho cov qauv ib puag ncig, tsis pub siv ntau yam khoom siv hauv tsev uas tuaj yeem ua mob rau cov neeg nyob hauv chav no.
Zaj lus
Yog li, los ntawm cov saum toj no, nws paub meej tias qhov kev kho dua tshiab yog dab tsi thiab qhov yuav tsum tau muab rau nws. Txhua tus tuaj yeem hloov lawv qhov chaw mus rau cov qauv European, tab sis qhov no yuav xav tau ntau lub sijhawm thiab nyiaj txiag.
