Ebony muaj cov xim dub lossis xim kab txaij. Nws tsis tau hais tawm txhua xyoo rings. hnyav heev thiab nyuaj, tej zaum nws yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm txhua hom ntoo. Cov khoom no muaj nyob hauv qee cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Persimmon genus los ntawm tsev neeg Ebony.
Kev piav qhia thiab yam ntxwv
Ebony (duab tso rau hauv tsab xov xwm) yog ib lub suab nrov nrov nrog cov ntoo nqaim dawb (ib txheej ntawm ntoo ncaj qha rau ntawm cov tawv ntoo). Nws muaj ib tug tseem ceeb nrog inconspicuous dub txhua xyoo txheej nrog ib tug glossy nto. Nws lub plawv zoo li lub rays yog nqaim heev, yog li lawv tsis tuaj yeem pom ntawm ib qho ntawm kev txiav. Cov hlab ntsha me, sib sau ua ke hauv pawg radial, feem ntau muaj cov xim dub-xim xim.
Qhov ntom ntawm cov ntoo qhuav ebony tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm 1000 txog 1300 kg / m³. Lub sapwood yog nqaim heev thiab contrasts sharply nrog cov xim tsaus nti ntawm lub plawv. Txawm li cas los xij, Caucasian persimmon, nrog rau ntau hom ntoo, muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb. Nws nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb hais tias lawv sapwood thiab ripentoo yeej ib yam xim.
Fruits
Kuv yuav tsum hais tias txij thaum ub los, ebony tau npog nrog mystical legends thiab kev ntseeg. Piv txwv li, tus kws tshawb fawb Greek thaum ub Pausanias tau sau tias nws yog nyom thiab tsis muaj nplooj, tab sis tsuas yog cov hauv paus hniav uas cov neeg Ethiopians siv los kho.
Feem ntau cov ebony loj hlob nyob rau hauv tropics thiab subtropics yog evergreen, tab sis kuj muaj ib hom deciduous ntau nyob rau hauv huab cua sov. Caucasian persimmon kuj belongs rau lub genus no. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm tsob ntoo ebony yog loj heev thiab cua, zoo li lub txiv lws suav nyob rau hauv tsos. Nyob rau hauv ancient Suav scrolls, lawv sau txog nws 3 txhiab xyoo dhau los. Persimmon tuaj yeem noj nyoos, nrog rau jam, marshmallow, candied txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txawm wines thiab liqueurs. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws suav hais tias yog khoom noj khoom haus zoo.
African ntau yam
Lub tswv yim zoo li ebony ebony sib txuas ntau hom uas loj hlob hauv Asia (Sri Lanka, India) thiab Africa (Cameroon, Nigeria, Zaire, Ghana). Nws lub ntsiab feature yog xim dub heev.
Cameroon ebony yog hom ntoo ntau tshaj plaws los ntawm sab av loj. Nws muaj xim dub tob, qee zaum nrog grey streaks. Lub ntsiab feature ntawm no ntoo yog nws pronounced qhib pores, vim hais tias ntawm uas nws muaj nqis npaum li cas tsawg tshaj li lwm yam nplua-pored ntau yam.
Madagascar ebony yog cov ntoo xim av tsaus nrog qhov ntom txog li 1000kg/m³, yuav luag imperceptible pores, tsis tshua muaj resistant rau ya raws, tsis ntshai kab.
Asian ntau yam
Macassar ebony yog ntoo "xim" nrog daj-dawb sapwood uas loj hlob hauv Indonesia. Lub kernel nws tus kheej yog dub nrog xim av los yog lub teeb daj kab txaij thiab muaj ib tug heev tuab qauv, ncav cuag li 1300 kg / m³. Cov plua plav ntawm tsob ntoo no, raws li qhov tseeb, ntawm lwm cov ebony, yog tshuaj lom heev. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj ntau yam hauv tib neeg lub cev, xws li khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij lossis cov mucous membranes.
Moon ebony yog ntoo zoo ib yam li Makassar, tab sis tuaj ntawm Nyab Laj thiab Nplog.
Ceylon ebony muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws: tawv, nrog qhov tsis pom qhov pores, polishing zoo heev, tiv taus ya raws thiab kab mob phem heev. Cov khoom los ntawm nws yog qhov nyuaj heev los nrhiav, vim lawv tsis tshua muaj thiab raug suav tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws thiab kim tshaj plaws. Nws yog los ntawm cov ntoo uas zoo tshaj plaws craftsmen ua lawv rooj tog nyob rau hauv lub 16th-19th centuries.
Txhua yam ntau yam
Moon ebony yog hom mabolo tsawg heev. Nws hlob nyob rau hauv Philippines thiab pom tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub impenetrable rainforests ntawm Myanmar. No tsob ntoo ebony, cov xim uas muaj qhov txawv txawv lub teeb ntxoov, zoo nkauj heev. Yog li ntawd, tam sim ntawd tom qab saws, ntoo dawb nrog mos, ntsuab stains prevails, tab sis tom qab ziab, cov xim hloov mus rau ib tug golden daj hue nrog dub qauv, kab txaij thiab veins. Qee zaum, tsis txhob tsaus, lwm qhov ntxoov ntxoo tuaj yeem pom, piv txwv li, xiav lossis chocolate.
Los ntawm txoj kev, nws yog txwv tsis pub txiav thiab xa tawm lub hli ebony hauv Myanmar. Quotas rau nws cov qoob loo yog muag tsawg heev, thiab txawm tias tom qab ntawd me me. Qhov kev nruj no yog vim qhov tseeb tias tsuas yog cov ntoo uas muaj hnub nyoog ntawm 400 txog 1000 xyoo yog npaj rau kev txiav. Interestingly, lub hli ebony nyob rau hauv tsos tsis txawv ntawm lwm tus. Nws cov xim yuav pom tsuas yog tom qab txiav.
Txoj Kev Ua Kom Qhuav
Ebony hlob qeeb qeeb: nws yuav siv sijhawm ntau pua xyoo ua ntej nws mus txog qhov loj me. Nws yog vim li no tias ntoo ua ntom ntom (txog 1300 kg / m³) thiab yooj yim hauv dej. Nws cov cuab yeej siv tshuab yog siab heev: lub zog khoov ntawm qee hom Indian thiab African ncav cuag 190 MPa, thiab hardness yog 2 npaug ntawm cov ntoo qhib. Tsis tas li ntawd, ebony tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov hnyav hnyav.
Kev ziab ntoo no tsis yooj yim. Yog tias koj rhuav tshem cov thev naus laus zis, nws yuav txo qis hauv ntim. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws uas lawv koom nrog rau kev sau qoob loo, raws li nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, lawv ua ib tug tshwj xeeb ua ntej txiav 2 xyoo ua ntej txiav. Nws yog ua li no: txheej ntawm sapwood raug txiav nyob rau hauv ib lub voj voog nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm lub cev kom tsis txhob loj hlob ntawm tsob ntoo.
Tom qab sau thiab saws lub cev tiav lawm, cov laug cam tiav, qhov kawg uas tau ua tib zoo kho nrog txiv qaub lossis lwm yam khoom siv, tau muab tso ua ke. Qhov chawrau lawv ntxiv cia yuav tsum tau sheltered los ntawm lub hnub thiab tsis muaj cua ntsawj ntshab. Tsuas yog los ntawm kev soj ntsuam tag nrho cov xwm txheej saum toj no, koj tuaj yeem zam kom qhuav sai heev ntawm ntoo. Cov txheej txheem no feem ntau yuav siv sij hawm tsawg kawg rau lub hlis. Yog tias tsawg kawg yog ib qho ntawm cov kev cai raug ua txhaum cai, cov laug cam tuaj yeem hloov pauv thiab ua rau muaj ntau qhov tawg.
Production Features
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tam sim ntawd tias ebony ntoo yog qhov nyuaj heev rau kev ua, yog li cov txiv neej feem ntau ua nws. Kev ua haujlwm hnyav li no yuav tsum tau siv zog ntau, thiab txawm tias tsim cov duab me me tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntev heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, ua ntej koj pib ua haujlwm nrog ebony ntoo dawb, koj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb. Raws li tau hais los saum toj no, plua plav thiab sawdust tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj, yog li cov tswv feem ntau hnav tsom iav thiab cov ntaub qhwv ntsej muag.
tseeb, ebony yog qhov nyuaj heev rau kev txiav vim nws qhov siab siab, nrog rau ntau yam ntxhia suav uas nyob hauv nws. Cov khoom no muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau ntawm cov cuab yeej txiav, uas ua npub sai heev. Qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws workpiece yog suav hais tias yog ib qho uas nws fibers muaj ib tug wavy qauv. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee hom ntoo yog qhov ua rau chipping, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog Indonesian Macassar. Txawm li cas los xij, nws ua haujlwm zoo ntawm lub tshuab dhos. Tom qab cov khoom tiav lawm, nws yog polished thiab yog li muab nws ib tug zoo nkauj matte sheen.
Daim ntawv thov hauvua instrumental
Tib neeg pib siv ebony rau lawv cov kev xav tau nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias nws yeej ib txwm nyob rau hauv tus nqi, yog li nws tau siv tsuas yog rau kev tsim khoom ntawm ntau yam kev cai dab qhuas khoom, sculptures, thiab, ntawm chav kawm, kim rooj tog. Tsis tas li ntawd, ebony ntoo ntseeg tau tias muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj tshuaj lom, vim li no nws tau siv ntau zaus los ua cov tais diav.
Eben yog siv dav hauv kev tsim cov cuab yeej suab paj nruag xws li flute, oboe thiab clarinet. Tsis tas li ntawd, ebony yog qhov zoo rau cov yuam sij piano thiab ib feem ntawm lub guitar, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov plhaub thiab caj dab. Cov kws tshaj lij tshuab raj txaus siab rau cov cuab yeej no heev. Yog li, lub plhaub polished ebony ntawm lub guitar tsis tawm suab tsis tsim nyog txawm tias qhov kev xaiv yuam kev "dhia" txoj hlua.
Khoom siv rooj tog
Nyob rau xyoo pua 17th, ebony ntoo tau siv tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv inlay, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv veneering. Tab sis lawv tau pib qhia qhov kev txaus siab tshaj plaws hauv nws tsuas yog 200 xyoo tom qab, thaum zam tau pib ua kom zoo, raws li kev nyiam ntawm lwm haiv neeg, piv txwv li, Roman, Greek, Egyptian, Indian, thiab lwm yam. Curule cov rooj zaum nrog X-puab ceg yog tshwj xeeb thov. Nyob rau hauv ancient Rome, lawv tau ua los ntawm ivory los yog bronze, thiab nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua ua ntej kawg, lawv tau ua los ntawm ebony. Nws ntsia lub teeb thiab zoo nkauj, tab sis nws yog qhov tsim nyog thiab txhim khu kev qha.
Hnub noua tus tswv zoo siab ntawm rooj tog ua los ntawm ebony yog qhov tsis hnov tsw-ntawm cov khoom kim heev uas tsis muaj coob tus neeg tuaj yeem them taus. Vim nws cov khoom, ebony, cov khoom los ntawm cov khoom muaj nqis thoob plaws ntiaj teb, suav tias yog cov khoom kim heev. Artfully carved los ntawm cov neeg txawj ntse craftsmen, vases thiab figurines, taug kev sticks thiab candlesticks yuav dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb thiab tsis tshua muaj kev yuav khoom uas tuaj yeem kho txhua lub tsev.
