Plaster yog ib qho kev sib xyaw uas tso cai rau koj los tsim cov txheej txheem tiav. Lo lus los ntawm Italian stuccatura, uas txhais tau hais tias txiv qaub, gypsum, alabaster. Plaster tuaj yeem raug cais raws li nws lub hom phiaj. Nws tshwm sim:
- regular;
- special;
- decorative.
Kev piav qhia ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm plaster
Ordinary plasters yog siv rau theem phab ntsa, ua kom lub tiaj tiaj tiaj rau tom qab daim ntawv thov ntawm nyias txheej txheej txheej. Cov kev sib xyaw no tso cai rau koj los tiv thaiv lub ntsej muag los ntawm ib puag ncig cuam tshuam.
Tshwj xeeb plaster yog ib qho sib tov uas yog siv los ua cov txheej txheem insulating. Cov khoom no muab lub suab-absorbing, X-ray tiv thaiv thiab txuag hluav taws xob. Raws li rau cov hniav plaster, nws yog siv nyob rau hauv lub finishing ntawm ceilings, phab ntsa, raws li zoo raws li cov qauv, uas txhim kho lawv aesthetic.kev xav.
Ntau yam thiab piav qhia ntawm cov hniav plaster
Kho kom zoo nkauj plaster yog ib qho muaj pes tsawg leeg uas tuaj yeem faib ua ntau hom. Ntawm lawv:
- xim;
- pob zeb;
- Venetian;
- terrazitic;
- silk.
Cov xim ntau yam tsim nyog rau kev ua tiav qhov rais thiab qhov rooj qhib, nrog rau cov phab ntsa sab hauv. Pob zeb plaster zoo li ntuj pob zeb. Venetian ntau yam zoo li marble tiag. Terrazit sib tov yog siv rau facades thiab sab hauv phab ntsa.
Ntawm ntawm silk plaster
Silk plaster yog tsim los siv sab hauv tsev. Nws yog non-flammable, muaj cov hluavtaws los yog ntuj fibers, tsis muaj hluav taws xob zoo li qub, thiab tuaj yeem muaj ntau yam kev ntxhib los mos thiab xim. Thaum siv rau saum npoo, txhob lo lo ntxhuav plaster tsis tsim seams, cov khoom tsis tawg thaum lub sij hawm shrinkage, thiab elastic.
Silk plaster yog ib qho muaj pes tsawg leeg uas tsuas muaj qhov tsis zoo, qhia txog cov dej tsis zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias qhov chaw raug kho nrog cov kua roj vanish-tiv thaiv dej tom qab ziab, cov khoom siv tuaj yeem siv rau hauv chav nrog cov av noo siab. Qhov no suav nrog chav dej thiab chav ua noj.
Tseem nrov tshaj plaws plasters
Cov pa plasters niaj hnub no feem ntau yog:
- txiv qaub mix;
- cement-sand mortar;
- gypsumkhoom.
txiv qaub mortars yog siv rau sab nrauv thiab sab hauv. Qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv no yog qhov ceev thiab yooj yim ntawm kev siv, nrog rau kev ua siab zoo ib puag ncig. Txiv qaub mortars kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo, uas tsis muaj zog piv rau lwm yam khoom siv.
Cov kev daws teeb meem no yog tsim los ntawm dej xuab zeb thiab cov txiv qaub slaked hauv qhov sib piv 4: 1. Cement-xuab zeb plasters yog siv rau sab nrauv thiab sab hauv. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov khoom sib tov no yog vim qhov pheej yig ntawm cov khoom siv. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev siv ntau dua, tab sis cov txheej txheem muaj zog dua li gypsum lossis txiv qaub mortars.
Ib lub mortar ntawm cov xuab zeb thiab cov cement tau npaj rau hauv qhov sib piv ntawm 4: 1. Txiv qaub los yog PVA kua nplaum yog ntxiv los ua kom plasticity. Yog tias koj ua raws li daim ntawv thov thev naus laus zis, tom qab ntawd lub neej kev pabcuam ntawm cov txheej txheem yuav dhau ntau xyoo lawm. Cov cement-xuab zeb sib tov tso cai rau koj tshem tawm qhov tsis sib sib zog nqus.
Kev piav qhia ntawm gypsum plaster
Sab hauv stucco tiav feem ntau yog ua los ntawm kev siv gypsum muaj pes tsawg leeg. Nrog nws, koj tuaj yeem ua tiav ib qho dawb huv tiav. Lub ntsiab tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom no yog tus nqi siab dua piv rau analogues. Peb kuj yuav tsum nco ntsoov qhov tsis muaj zog vapor permeability, tsis muaj zog thiab tsis txaus noo noo tsis kam.
Cov neeg tsim khoom feem ntau sim txuag nyiaj,los ntawm kev ntxiv cov tshuaj tsis haum rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv, xws li asbestos, rau gypsum plaster. Lawv muab lub ntsej muag whiteness. Tab sis gypsum plasters ua rau nws ua tau kom yooj yim rau lub voj voog ua tiav thiab txo lub sij hawm siv ntawm cov txheej txheem theem.
Qhov txawv ntawm plaster thiab putty
Ntau zaus, cov neeg siv khoom xav paub seb plaster txawv ntawm putty. Cov no yog ob yam khoom sib txawv kiag li. Txhawm rau kom nkag siab qhov sib txawv, nws yuav tsum nkag siab tias cov khoom sib xyaw no yog dab tsi, nrog rau qhov lawv tau npaj rau. Piv txwv li, plaster yog ib lub tsev sib xyaw uas koj tuaj yeem ua kom cov phab ntsa sab hauv thiab sab nraud, nrog rau cov qab nthab. Putty yog ib lub tsev sib tov rau theem ntawm phab ntsa.
Muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm ob cov ntaub ntawv no, nws nyob hauv qhov tseeb tias plaster tso cai rau koj kom qib tsis sib xws ntawm phab ntsa thiab thaiv, thaum putty tuaj yeem npog me me, seams thiab tawg. Yog li ntawd, qhov kev daws teeb meem no feem ntau yog siv los ua tiav cov ntawv plasterboard. Putty txawv ntawm plaster nyob rau hauv uas nws xyaum tsis ntsws.
Yog tias koj siv plaster hauv tsev, qhov no tseem yuav txuag nyiaj, vim nws pheej yig dua vim yog cov ntxhia ntxhia ntxhia. Qhov sib tov no muaj zog ntau dua li putty, vim hais tias cov pob zeb crushed yog ntxiv rau cov khoom xyaw rau lub zog thaum lub sij hawm concreting. Qhov no yog txoj kev daws teeb meem rau plaster, vim hais tias lub zog nyob ntawm qhov feem ntawm cov muab tub lim. Qhov no kuj piav qhia tias qhov noqhov sib tov yog siv rau hauv ib txheej tuab tuab.
Yog tias koj tseem tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab seb puas yuav pleev xim lossis plaster, ces koj yuav tsum daws qhov teeb meem no kom ntxaws ntxiv. Plaster, piv txwv li, tso cai rau koj mus rau theem blockages, ceilings thiab phab ntsa. Yog tias koj tab tom ntsib nrog qhov xav tau ntawm qhov tsis xws luag, khawb, tawg thiab cov poholes, nrog rau cov chips, ces koj yuav tsum siv putty. Thaum nws yog tsim nyog los thov ib txheej ntawm ntau tshaj ib, ces plaster yog siv, txwv tsis pub putty yuav tsum tau muas. Tam sim no nws yog tseeb hais tias plaster yog yuav tsum tau rau thawj phab ntsa kho kom zoo nkauj, thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem pib thov putty, uas zoo kawg nkaus npaj qhov chaw rau wallpapering lossis painting.
tawm tswv yim zoo txog cov kab kab plaster
Plaster, tshuaj xyuas uas koj tuaj yeem nyeem hauv qab no, tuaj yeem siv los ntawm koj rau ntau txoj haujlwm. Piv txwv li, Bark beetle ntau yam, raws li cov neeg siv khoom, muaj ntau yam zoo. Cov khoom siv yog ruaj, ib puag ncig zoo thiab txhim khu kev qha, vim nws yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom xyaw ntuj.
Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg yog lub teeb txawv txawv, vim nws muaj cov ntxhia hauv cov ntxhia, uas tshem tawm cov load ntawm lub tsev qauv. Cov neeg siv khoom nyiam tias cov khoom siv tiv taus huab cua hloov pauv. Nws zam lub hnub ncaj qha thiab qhov kub thiab txias. Tsis ntshai "Bark beetle" txawm hail lossis hoarfrost. Hniav plaster tuaj yeem thov ntawm nws tus kheej yam tsis muaj teeb meem. Tom qab ziab, nws tau txais cov khoom refractory, thiab thawj qhov ci ci yuav tsis ploj txawm tias nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawmultraviolet.
Kev saib xyuas cov txheej txheem, raws li cov neeg yuav khoom, yooj yim heev. Nws tuaj yeem ntxuav nrog dej, uas ib qho me me ntawm xab npum tau ntxiv yav tas los. Ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog cov txheej txheem tsis tsim cov kev mob zoo rau kev tshwm sim thiab kev loj hlob ntawm fungus thiab pwm.
Cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv tsev xaiv "Bark beetle" kuj yog vim li cas nws nyuaj heev rau kev puas tsuaj, yog li koj tuaj yeem ntxuav lub ntsej muag nrog lub tshuab nqus tsev lossis daim txhuam cev tawv. Thaum mus xyuas lub khw, koj tuaj yeem xaiv qhov xav tau ntxoov ntxoo ntawm "Bark beetle" los ntawm ntau yam xim. Feem ntau cov khoom siv kho kom zoo nkauj no muaj xim dawb, tab sis tom qab ntawd cov nplaim tuaj yeem pleev xim rau hauv txhua qhov ntxoov ntxoo. Bark beetle phab ntsa plastering kuj txuag nyiaj, uas yog vim li cas qhov sib xyaw no nrov heev.
Txoj kev ntawm lub tshuab plaster phab ntsa
Machine plastering ntawm phab ntsa ua kom nws ua tau kom ua haujlwm nrawm thiab txuag cov kev daws teeb meem. Cov sib tov yog noj nyob rau hauv ib tug me me npaum li cas rau yog vim li cas nws yog saturated nrog huab cua, raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm uas nws volume nce. Raws li kev xyaum qhia, siv peb txheej rau saum npoo siv lub tshuab txoj kev txuag tau txog li 9 kg ntawm muaj pes tsawg leeg ib square meter. Qhov kom zoo dua ntawm lub tshuab txoj kev nyob rau hauv lub fact tias phau ntawv kneading yog hloov los ntawm ib tug neeg kho tshuab. Qhov sib tov yog homogeneous, ua tsaug rau qhov no, pob tsis tsim rau ntawm phab ntsa. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab yog qhov yooj yim heev, thiab qhov tshwm sim yuav yog qhov zoo thiab txawm tias phab ntsa tiav.
Ua-nws-koj tus kheej plastering
Yog inplaster tau xaiv raws li cov khoom siv rau kev ua tiav, kev ua haujlwm tuaj yeem nqa tawm ntawm nws tus kheej. Ua li no, qhov saum npoo yog ntxuav thiab primed, thiab tom qab ziab, koj tuaj yeem ua tiav. Cov sib tov qhuav yog diluted, tab sis koj yuav tsum tsis txhob knead tag nrho cov ntim ntawm cov uas twb muaj lawm pob ntawm ib lub sij hawm. Cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau kis tusyees nrog ib tug spatula.
txheej yuav tsum tsis txhob tuab dua qhov loj ntawm cov granules. Textured plaster yog siv rau hauv kab rov tav lossis ntsug. Hauv ib kis, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ntes tag nrho qhov siab lossis qhov dav ntawm lub hauv paus. Thaum lub plaster tau thov, nws yuav tsum tau tso tseg rau 20 feeb rau lub teeb teeb, tsuas yog tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum pib grouting, uas yuav tsum tau nqa tawm mus rau hauv tus account qhov xav tau qauv. Painting textured plaster yog nqa tawm ntawm ib txheej qhuav nrog txhuam los yog cov menyuam. Cov dye tuaj yeem muab ntxiv rau hauv cov tshuaj, thiab qhov sib tov yog siv rau saum npoo ntawm daim ntawv xim.
Zaj lus
Ua ntej thov plaster, qhov saum npoo tuaj yeem ntxiv nrog beacons, uas yuav tso cai rau tus tswv uas tsis muaj kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm zoo. Yog tias peb tab tom tham txog kev ua haujlwm sab hauv, tom qab ntawd daim ntawv thov ntawm cov muaj pes tsawg leeg yog nqa tawm hauv ob peb txheej. Fine-grained plaster feem ntau yog siv rau kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv. Yog hais tias cov khoom xyaw muaj ib tug nruab nrab fractional muab tub lim, ces nws yog zoo dua los siv cov kev daws rau ua tiav lub facade. Feem ntau bark beetle plaster yog muag nyob rau hauv daim ntawv npaj-rau- thov.
