Kev tsim cov chaw rau ntau lub hom phiaj feem ntau yuav tsum tau siv cov khoom siv refractory. Nrog lawv cov kev pab, koj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tib neeg thiab cov qauv. Ib qho khoom siv zoo li no yog pob zeb refractory. Qee yam ntawm nws muaj peev xwm tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias txog li 1000 ° C, thaum tuav cov duab thiab cov khoom siv tau zoo.
Basic nta
Ntawm cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov pob zeb zoo li no yuav tsum tau qhia:
- siab refractoriness;
- kev ua tau zoo;
- zog;
- tsis xav tau kev tua hluav taws kim hauv kev tsim khoom.
Hnub no, cov pob zeb refractory tuaj yeem faib ua qhov hnyav. Koj tuaj yeem ua koj tus kheej lossis xaj cov khoom hauv qab no ntawm cov khoom piav qhia:
- tshwj xeeb hnyav;
- light;
- cellular;
- hnyav.
Vim li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem tau txais cov khoom siv uas tuaj yeem ua cov txheej txheem lossis thermal rwb thaiv tsev, nyob ntawm seb cov khoom muaj pes tsawg leeg.
Production Features
Yog tias koj txiav txim siab ua cov pob zeb refractory, koj yuav tsum paub koj tus kheej nrog nws cov khoom xyaw. Cov khoom siv yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv hauv paus thiab qee cov additives, ntawm cov uas yog:
- chamotte xuab zeb;
- magnesite;
- sib txawv ntawm rubble;
- aluminous cement.
Ntawm cov additives, finely av thiab ntxhia tshuaj yuav tsum tau txawv, uas muab cov khoom muaj zog. Cov additives no suav nrog:
- pumice;
- finely av chromite ore;
- tawg furnace slag.
Cov khoom no tau ntxiv los ua kom qhov ntom ntom ntawm tsis yog cov khoom tiav xwb, tab sis kuj muaj cov khoom xyaw qhuav. Qee zaum aggregates rau ntau lawm yog tsim nyob rau hauv ib lub Hoobkas, tab sis nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub refractory pob zeb thiab raug rho tawm refractory bricks yuav siv tau. Txhawm rau kom tau txais cov qib sib txawv ntawm cov pob zeb, cov sib xyaw ntawm cov feem sib txawv yog ntxiv. Yog tias peb tab tom tham txog cov khoom ntxhib-grained, ces nws cov ntsiab lus tuaj yeem muaj txoj kab uas hla ntawm 5 mus rau 25 mm. Thaum nws los txog rau qhov zoo feem, nws yog sib npaug rau qhov txwv ntawm 0, 15 thiab 5 mm. Ntawm cov khoom xyaw no yuav tsum tau hais txog:
- magnesite cib;
- chamotte cib;
- kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm lub cib zoo tib yam;
- aluminous slag;
- diabase;
- bas alt;
- tawg furnace slag.
Feem ntau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom yog cov pob zeb refractory, uas yog tsim los ntawm fireclay, vim nws ua tau raws li txhua qhov kev xav tau ntawm lub tsev. Raws li qhov txuasCov khoom xyaw aluminophosphate thiab kua iav ua. Portland cements, periclase thiab aluminous cements ua raws li kev khi. Yog tias cov iav ua kua ntxiv rau cov khoom xyaw, ces nws tso cai rau koj kom ua tau zoo. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb yog siv cov mortar los tsim cov txheej plaster.
Cov lus pom zoo siv tshuab ntxiv
Refractory pob zeb, muaj pes tsawg leeg uas tau piav qhia hauv tsab xov xwm, tej zaum yuav muaj qee yam hom. Txhua yam muaj kev sib ntxiv ntawm nws tus kheej plasticizer, magnesite hmoov thiab ferrochrome slags. Yog tias muaj lub hom phiaj los npaj cov pob zeb sib sib zog nqus, cov ntaub ntawv nthuav dav yuav tsum tau siv los ntawm hom:
- vermiculite;
- xov av nplaum;
- perlite.
Yog tias koj txiav txim siab xaj kev tsim cov khoom sib xyaw los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij, ces lawv yuav xaiv qhov piv ntawm cov khoom lawv tus kheej, raws li koj qhov project. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg raug xaiv raws li qhov kub thiab txias kev pab cuam.
Ntxiv txog qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg los ntawm hom muab tub lim
Yog tias koj txiav txim siab ua pob zeb refractory nrog koj tus kheej tes, ces koj tuaj yeem siv cov sib txawv sib txawv, uas yog:
- dinas;
- corundum;
- quartz;
- pab mixes.
Xav txog cov pob zeb los ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw, cov qhab nia yuav tsum txawv. Piv txwv li, ASBG yog refractory qhuav aluminium-muaj sib tov, uas yog siv nyob rau hauv non-ferrous thiab ferrous metallurgy, thiabzoo li thermal zog. High-alumina qhob mix nrog cov yam ntxwv refractory yog luv li VGBS thiab yog npaj los tsim ib lub monolithic hauv ob sab phlu ntawm steel-pouring ladles, phab ntsa thiab thaum tsim lub hauv qab.
Cov khoom xyaw zoo li no tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kub txog li 1800 ° C. Txhawb kom qhuav high-alumina sib tov yog tsim los ntawm cov ntawv SSBA. Nws yog npaj rau thermal units, furnaces, raws li zoo raws li rau installation ntawm ib tug reinforcing txheej. Kev khiav hauj lwm kub tuaj yeem ncav cuag 750 ° C.
pob zeb ziab
Kev ziab ntawm cov pob zeb refractory tuaj yeem ua tiav tom qab ua tiav cov kauj ruam kho. Cua yog siv ntawm no, thiab qhov kub ntawm qhov chaw yuav tsum tsis txhob poob qis dua +10 ° C. Ua ntej pib cua sov, cov pob zeb yuav tsum tau kho rau ib hnub lossis ntau dua kom ua tiav lub xeev ruaj khov. Kev ziab kom qhuav txo cov dej dawb hauv cov pob zeb uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov huab cua thiab qhov chaw ntawm cov ntaub.
Tom qab tawv, cov hauv ob sab phlu yog nyob rau hauv cov huab cua ntub tsis qhuav. Tom qab curing tiav, qhuav lub hauv ob sab phlu. Yog tias qhov no tsis tuaj yeem ua tau, ces cov pob zeb tau tso rau hauv qhov chaw ntub dej. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej qhov cua zoo los yog tawm hauv ob sab phlu nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw zoo ventilated. Yog tias koj xav paub yuav ua li cas ua cov pob zeb refractory, ces koj yuav tsum paub txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm nws qhov kev npaj rau kev ua haujlwm. Piv txwv li, lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws tuaj yeem ua los ntawm kev siv lub kiv cua tsim nyog lossis lub tshuab cua uasyuav tshuab cua kub.
Txoj kev kneading
Ua ntej koj ua pob zeb refractory nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes, cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo xaiv. Qhov no tau hais los saum toj no. Raws li rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev sib tov, nws raug nquahu kom siv lub tshuab paddle tov rau qhov no. Nws yog qhov zoo dua rau cov cua sov-insulating concretes, tab sis rau cov mortars nws yog qhov tsim nyog kiag li, vim nws tso cai rau koj kom sib xyaw cov khoom sib xyaw nrog qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov dej me me. Raws li rau lub pob zeb sib tov, cov nyhuv no yuav nyuaj heev kom ua tiav.
Qhov kev pom zoo no tseem cuam tshuam rau vim li cas rau cov pob zeb ntom ntom, cov dej noo yuav yog qhov tseem ceeb. Tseeb, rau cov ntaub ntawv tau piav qhia, lub zog siab tshaj plaws yog xav tau nrog rau kev pom zoo. Los ntawm lawv qhov xwm txheej, insulating concretes yog softer dua ntom, yog li nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas lawv tau tov nrog cov dej kom raug. Nws qhov ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau txo qis ntawm lub zog thiab qhov ntom ntom, thaum qhov tsis muaj nws yuav ua rau txo qis hauv fluidity.
Proportions ntawm refractory pob zeb
Kev npaj cov pob zeb refractory yuav tsum tau ua raws li qee qhov kev faib ua feem. Yog tias nws tau npaj los tsim lub qhov cub siv cov khoom siv, cov tshuaj khib tom qab hardening yuav tsum tiv taus qhov kub ntawm qhov kub ntawm 1200 ° C. Los ntawm kev sib tov koj tuaj yeem ua lub qhov cub thiab lub qhov cub. Txhawm rau ua haujlwm, koj yuav xav tau 1 feem ntawm pob zeb qib M-400, 2 ntu ntawm cov xuab zeb los ntawmrefractory cib, tib tus naj npawb ntawm cov crushed cib, nrog rau 0.33 qhov chaw ntawm hmoov fireclay additives.
Yog tias koj npaj yuav tsim lub pob zeb monolithic, tom qab ntawd thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv cua sov nws yuav raug rau cov nplaim taws qhib tas li. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, nws yuav tsum tau npaj cov kev daws teeb meem nrog cov hauv qab no: 2.5 feem ntawm cov pob zeb crushed, ib feem ntawm pob zeb, 0.33 feem ntawm fireclay xuab zeb. Raws li rau cov pob zeb crushed, nws tuaj yeem ua los ntawm quartz lossis liab cib, ua lwm txoj kev daws teeb meem, qee zaum siv cov av cib liab zoo.
Zaj lus
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev npaj ib lub mortar los tsim cov pob zeb refractory zoo ib yam li cov siv thaum sib xyaw cov cement mortar. Yog hais tias nws yuav tsum tau nqa tawm pouring mus rau hauv lub formwork, ces lub zog yuav tsum tau coj clockwise. Qee zaum plywood pwm yog siv los tsim cov khoom.
Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj dej evaporation thaum lub sij hawm hardening, pwm yuav tsum tau compacted tom qab ntau lawm. Qhov no ua rau kom yooj yim rho tawm ntawm castings. Txoj kev yooj yim tshaj plaws rau kev sib khi yog polyethylene, tab sis txhawm rau ua tiav qhov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws, silicone yuav tsum tau siv, uas yog pre-lubricated nrog zaub roj.
