Berry-raspberries, txawm tias cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshiab los yog cov txiv ntoo qab zib hauv lub caij ntuj no, nyiam txhua tus yam tsis muaj kev zam. Kev loj hlob no tsob ntoo hauv koj cheeb tsam tsis yog qhov nyuaj. Thaum xaiv ntau yam, cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom ua tib zoo saib rau daim ntawv qauv. Nws yog dab tsi? Cia peb kawm saib.
Yuav ua li cas raspberry hu ua tus qauv raspberry?
Peb txhua tus paub qhov tseeb tias raspberries yog tsob ntoo uas muaj kev loj hlob zoo nyob rau ob peb xyoos thiab tsim cov thickets tiag tiag yam tsis muaj kev saib xyuas zoo. Yog li ntawd, zoo tib yam ntau yam, raws li txoj cai, yog zus nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev trellis. Kev xaiv tsis sawv ntsug thiab cov qauv raspberries tam sim no nrov heev ntawm cov neeg ua teb. Lub ntsiab feature ntawm hom no yog hais tias nws muaj thicker, muaj zog thiab branched tua. Hauv qhov no, feem ntau koj tuaj yeem pom lub npe "raspberry ntoo". Qhov tseeb, qhov no yog tib lub hav txwv yeem, tsuas yog tom qab ib txwm pinching, nws maj mam pib zoo li tsob ntoo me me. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj tsis ua raws li kev ua liaj ua teb tshwj xeeb, koj yuav tau txais tag nrho tib lub thickets uas yuav dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis muaj zog heev. Tsis txhob poob rau trickscov neeg muag khoom tsis ncaj ncees, tsis muaj tsob ntoo raspberry. Tab sis muaj ntau hom qauv, thiab nrog kev siv zog txaus, koj yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm lawv.
Stamp raspberry ntau yam
Yuav luag txhua xyoo cov ntau yam nce ntxiv, thiab txhua tus neeg ua liaj ua teb yuav pom qhov nws nyiam. Peb yuav hais tsuas yog cov uas nto moo tshaj plaws.
- Tarusa. High-yielding thiab nruab nrab-late raspberry ntau yam. Muaj zog stems loj hlob mus txog 2 meters nyob rau hauv qhov siab. Lawv tsis muaj pos thiab npog nrog ib tug siv quav ciab txheej. Lub caij ntuj no-hardy ntau yam, tiv taus kub mus rau -30 ° C. Tsis tas li ntawd, Tarusa ntau yam tiv taus cov kab mob. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj qhov hnyav txog li 15 g, ci xim liab, elongated duab.
- Fairy taleas. Tus qauv raspberry ntawm no ntau yam muaj siab heev tawm los (ntau tshaj 12 kg ib Bush). Nws kuj tseem tiv taus txias thiab ntau yam kab mob. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo loj, txog li 20 g hauv qhov hnyav, ntom, yooj yim thauj.
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Tus txiv neej khov kho. Ntxiv rau qhov zoo saj thiab tawm los, ntau yam tsim tau zoo heev tua thiab tsim cov hauv paus muaj zog, uas tso cai rau nws siv los ntawm cov neeg muag cov noob.
- Galaxy. High-yielding ntau yam (txog 20 kg ib Bush), loj berries nrog zoo saj, muaj zog, zoo tolerated thauj.
Qhov chaw rau raspberries
Lub tsob ntoo no nyiam lub hnub, yog li xaiv qhov chaw tshav ntuj rau nws ntawm qhov chaw, zais ntawm cov ntawv sau. Tus qauv raspberry, zoo li niaj zaus lossis remontant, nyiam loj hlobqhov chaw siab tshaj, deb ntawm cov dej hauv av thiab cov dej stagnation. Nws yog ntshaw kom cov av zoo-drained, nruab nrab los yog me ntsis acidic. Xav tam sim ntawd txog lub caij ntuj no, txog raspberries tau npog nrog lub siab snow cover. Txwv tsis pub, koj yuav tau khoov cov ceg ntawm tsob ntoo mus rau hauv av.
Qhov phem tshaj qhov ua ntej rau raspberries yog nightshade: qos yaj ywm, txiv lws suav. Yog tias koj tab tom npaj ib qhov chaw cog rau lub caij nplooj zeeg, ces nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum cog rapeseed, mustard lossis lwm yam legumes (peas, taum, alfalfa, thiab lwm yam) rau ntawm nws.
Sijhawm rau board
Tus qauv raspberry (daim duab saum toj no), zoo li lwm yam ntawm tsob ntoo no, tuaj yeem cog rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thiab caij nplooj zeeg. Hauv thawj kis, cov hnub kwv yees yog nruab nrab Lub Plaub Hlis. Lawv tuaj yeem hloov pauv, nyob ntawm txhua cheeb tsam. Tom qab tag nrho, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub Urals nyob rau lub sij hawm no nws yog heev ua tau hais tias cov daus tseem tsis tau yaj los yog lub ntiaj teb tsis qhuav tawm. Feem ntau koj tuaj yeem pom qhov kev xav tias cog caij nplooj ntoos hlav yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Muaj qee qhov tseeb hauv qhov no. Nws yuav tsum tau borne nyob rau hauv lub siab hais tias: lub ciaj sia taus nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav yuav siab dua yog hais tias lub buds tseem tsis tau blossomed thiab cov nroj tsuag tsis tau pib loj hlob. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg, raspberries yog cog nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub Cuaj Hli. Seedlings yuav tsum tau cog 10-12 cm ntawm av theem. Qhov no yuav tiv thaiv tsob ntoo los ntawm khov rau qis buds.
Yuav ua li cas cog raspberries?
cog cov qauv raspberries tuaj yeem nqa tawm hauv hav txwv yeem lossis kab xev. Nyob rau hauv thawj rooj plaub, cais qhov yog khawb rau txhua Bush, thiab nyob rau hauv lub thib ob, ib tug ntev trench yog npaj. Hais tiasyog qhov tseeb dua, nyuaj, yooj yim rau leej twg.
YYog tias koj yuav cog raspberries nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev Bush, ces koj yuav tsum khawb qhov txog 50 x 50 cm loj. nrog fertile av sib tov. Khaws qhov deb li ntawm ib meter nruab nrab ntawm bushes. Nrog rau txoj kab xev ntawm cog, koj yuav tsum khawb ib lub trench, ib nrab ib 'meter' dav thiab ib nrab ib 'meter' tob. Yog tias muaj ob peb kab, ces khaws qhov deb ntawm 2 meters ntawm lawv. Txwv tsis pub, nws yuav tsis yooj yim rau prune, sau, thiab feem ntau, cov nroj tsuag yuav cuam tshuam rau ib leeg. Thaum cog rau hauv ib lub trench ntawm bushes, qhov deb yuav tsum yog 40 cm. Cov chiv, humus, ntoo tshauv tuaj yeem ntxiv rau hauv av thaum lub sijhawm no.
Yuav tsum tau cog cov yub raspberry kom tom qab cov av sags, nws yog 2-3 cm tob tshaj li qib uas nws loj hlob hauv cov chaw zov me nyuam.
Stamp Raspberry: saib xyuas
Agrotechnology rau kev loj hlob raspberries muaj nyob rau hauv nws raws sij hawm pruning, kho nrog tshuaj tua kab, pub thiab khi rau lub caij ntuj no. Thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thaum ntxov (thaum daus yaj), tsob ntoo yuav tsum tau kho nrog kev npaj tshwj xeeb raws li kev tiv thaiv rau grey rot, nplooj nplooj, septoria, anthracnose thiab xeb. Siv 3% Bordeaux sib tov rau qhov no. Kev kho dua tshiab yog ua tiav thaum nruab nrab lub caij nplooj zeeg. Thaum lub Plaub Hlis-Lub Tsib Hlis Ntuj lig, cov av nruab nrab ntawm cov hav txwv yeem yuav tsum tau xoob thiab mulched, vim tias raspberries nyiam nws heev.
Lub Kaum Hli, thaum cov tua tseem khaws ciayooj, koj yuav tsum tau khi lub bushes. Ua li no, cov ceg ntawm ib tsob ntoo yog tilted rau hauv av thiab txuas mus rau lwm qhov. Qhov siab ntawm hauv av yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj 30 cm. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, koj muaj peev xwm pub lub raspberries nrog organic chiv.
Standard raspberries nyiam noo noo, yog li koj yuav tsum tau dej nws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub sij hawm flowering thiab fruiting. Qhov zaus yog 1 zaug hauv ib lub lis piam, thiab cov dej haus yog kwv yees li 5 litres ib Bush. Zoo, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib tug drip irrigation system yog haum.
Lub caij ntuj sov, raspberries raug kho nrog karbofos ib ntus. Qhov no tiv thaiv cov kab tsuag xws li raspberry beetle thiab ya, los ntawm weevils, nplooj kab, thiab lwm yam Fertilizing nrog ntxhia thiab organic chiv yog nqa tawm thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm ntawm active kev loj hlob ntawm berries (thaum ntxov Lub Xya hli ntuj). Thaum Lub Kaum Hli, ua ntej lub caij ntuj no, nws raug nquahu kom siv humus lossis quav nyab ntawm tus nqi ntawm 5-6 kilograms ib square meter. Lawv ua li no nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm mulching cov av, ncuav organic teeb meem nrog ib tug txheej ntawm txog 7 cm, thiab tom qab ntawd - lub ntiaj teb zoo tib yam (2 cm) los yog koj yuav ua tib zoo khawb txhua yam.
Pruning txheem raspberries
Txawm hais tias tus qauv raspberries qee zaum hu ua tsob ntoo raspberries, lawv tseem xav tau pruning. Ntxiv mus, nws xyaum tsis txawv ntawm qhov uas nyob rau hauv relation mus rau cov pa ntawv. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv kev tshem tawm ntawm tua uas twb muab lawv tus kheej, uas yog, lawv tau yug los txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Los yog koj tuaj yeem siv txoj kev txiav ob npaug. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tsuas yog ib tug hloov tua yog tshuav. Nws raug txiav thaum kawg ntawm lub Tsib Hlis lossis pibLub rau hli ntuj los ntawm 10-15 cm, thaum nws nce mus txog ib 'meter' nyob rau hauv qhov siab. Txog rau thaum xaus ntawm lub caij ntuj sov, koj yuav tsim ib tsob ntoo me me uas zoo li tsob ntoo thiab muaj 5-6 sab ceg. Nws yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no uas raspberries nyob twj ywm rau lub caij ntuj no. Nws yog ib advisable mus nqa tawm lub thib ob pruning nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thaum nplooj tau blossomed (nruab nrab los yog lig May). Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, sab ceg yuav tsum tau luv los ntawm 5-12 cm. Qhov no, feem ntau, yog tag nrho cov zais ntawm cov qauv raspberries.
Txhua tus neeg ua liaj ua teb xav tau qhov txiaj ntsig siab tshaj plaws ntawm tus nqi qis, zoo, lossis tsawg kawg ua kom haum nrog lawv. Ib qho kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cov qauv raspberry. Cog thiab tu nws yuav tsis siv sijhawm ntau, tab sis qhov tshwm sim yuav txaus siab. Cov qauv ntau yam txawv los ntawm cov txiaj ntsig siab, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo loj (txog 20 g) thiab tiv taus lub caij ntuj no hnyav, uas yeej txawv ntawm lwm tus.
