Nikola Tesla yog ib tus neeg muaj koob muaj npe, thiab lub ntsiab lus ntawm qee qhov ntawm nws qhov kev tsim khoom tau sib cav txog niaj hnub no. Peb yuav tsis mus rau hauv mysticism, tab sis theej tham txog yuav ua li cas ua ib yam dab tsi zoo nkauj raws li Tesla "cov zaub mov txawv". Qhov no yog Tesla kauj. Pom nws ib zaug, koj yuav tsis hnov qab qhov pom zoo kawg thiab zoo kawg li!
cov ntaub ntawv dav dav
Yog tias peb tham txog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws xws li transformer (coil), ces nws muaj ob lub coils uas tsis muaj ib qho tseem ceeb. Yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog kaum kaum lem ntawm cov hlau tuab ntawm thawj winding. Tsawg kawg yog 1000 lem twb raug mob ntawm qhov thib ob. Thov nco ntsoov tias Tesla kauj muaj qhov hloov pauv uas yog 10-50 npaug ntau dua li qhov piv ntawm tus lej hloov ntawm qhov thib ob winding rau thawj zaug.
Cov zis hluav taws xob ntawm xws li lub tshuab hloov pauv tuaj yeem dhau ntau lab volts. Nws yog qhov xwm txheej no uas ua kom pom qhov zoo nkauj ntawm qhov tso tawm, qhov ntev uas tuaj yeem ncav cuag ob peb meters ib zaug.
Thaum lub peev xwm ntawm lub tshuab hloov pauv thawj zaugua qauv qhia rau pej xeem?
Nyob hauv lub nroog Colorado Springs, lub tshuab hluav taws xob ntawm lub chaw tsim hluav taws xob hauv zos tau hlawv tag nrho. Yog vim li cas yog tias tam sim no los ntawm nws mus rau lub zog thawj winding ntawm invention ntawm Nikola Tesla. Thaum lub sij hawm qhov kev sim ingenious no, tus kws tshawb fawb tau ua pov thawj rau cov zej zog thawj zaug tias qhov muaj nyob ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob sawv ntsug yog qhov tseeb. Yog tias koj tus npau suav yog Tesla kauj, qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws ua nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes yog thawj winding.
Qhov tseeb, ua rau koj tus kheej tsis yog qhov nyuaj, tab sis nws yog qhov nyuaj dua los muab cov khoom tiav ua kom pom kev zoo nkauj.
Yooj yim transformer
Ua ntej, koj yuav tsum nrhiav qhov chaw ntawm qhov hluav taws xob siab, thiab tsawg kawg yog 1.5 kV. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau tam sim cia siab rau 5 kV. Tom qab ntawd peb muab tag nrho nws mus rau ib tug haum capacitor. Yog hais tias nws capacitance loj dhau lawm, koj tuaj yeem sim me ntsis nrog cov txuas txuas diode. Tom qab ntawd, koj ua qhov hu ua qhov sib txawv, rau qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm tag nrho Tesla kauj yog tsim.
Ua kom yooj yim: nqa ob peb cov xov hlau, thiab tom qab ntawd ntswj lawv nrog hluav taws xob daim kab xev kom cov liab qab xaus nyob rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia. Peb ua tib zoo kho qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv kom qhov kev puas tsuaj yog nyob ntawm qhov hluav taws xob me ntsis siab dua qhov ntawd rau lub zog hluav taws xob. Tsis txhob txhawj, vim tias qhov tam sim no yog AC, lub ncov voltage yuav ib txwm siab dua me ntsis. Tom qab ntawd, tag nrho cov qauv tuaj yeem txuas nrog lub hauv paus winding.
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, rau kev tsim khoom ntawm theem nrab, koj tuaj yeem cua tsuas yog 150-200 tig rautxhua lub tes tsho cardboard. Yog tias koj ua txhua yam kom raug, koj yuav tau txais kev tso tawm zoo, nrog rau nws cov ceg pom zoo. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau hauv av cov zis los ntawm lub qhov dej thib ob.
Qhov no yog qhov yooj yim tshaj Tesla kauj tig tawm. Txhua tus uas muaj tsawg kawg kev paub txog hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ua nrog lawv tus kheej tes.
Tsim lub cuab yeej "siab" ntau dua
Txhua qhov no yog qhov zoo, tab sis yuav ua li cas lub tshuab hloov pauv ua haujlwm, uas tsis txaj muag los qhia txawm tias qee qhov kev nthuav qhia? Nws yog qhov ua tau kom ua tau ib lub cuab yeej muaj zog dua, tab sis qhov no yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm ntau ntxiv. Ua ntej, peb ceeb toom rau koj tias txhawm rau ua qhov kev sim no, koj yuav tsum muaj kev ruaj ntseg zoo heev, txwv tsis pub muaj teeb meem tsis tuaj yeem zam! Yog li dab tsi yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account? Tesla coils, raws li peb tau hais, xav tau qhov hluav taws xob siab heev.
Nws yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg yog 6 kV, txwv tsis pub koj yuav tsis pom cov paug tawm zoo nkauj, thiab cov chaw yuav ua yuam kev tas li. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub txim hluav taws xob yuav tsum tsuas yog ua los ntawm cov khoom siv tooj liab, thiab rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm koj tus kheej, lawv yuav tsum tau kho kom ruaj khov li sai tau hauv ib txoj haujlwm. Lub zog ntawm tag nrho "tsev neeg" yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 60 watts, tab sis nws yog qhov zoo dua rau noj 100 lossis ntau dua. Yog tias tus nqi qis dua, ces koj yuav tsis tau txais Tesla chev zoo nkauj heev.
tseem ceeb heev! Ob lub capacitor thiab cov thawj winding yuav tsum thaum kawg tsim ib qho kev oscillatory Circuit Court nkag mus rau hauv lub xeev ntawm resonance nrog lub thib ob winding.
Nco ntsoov tias qhov cua tuaj yeem ua suab nrovnyob rau hauv ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm ib zaug. Kev sim tau pom tias qhov zaus yog 200, 400, 800 lossis 1200 kHz. Raws li txoj cai, txhua yam nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej thiab qhov chaw ntawm thawj winding. Yog tias koj tsis muaj lub tshuab hluav taws xob zaus, ces koj yuav tau sim nrog lub capacitance ntawm lub capacitor, nrog rau kev hloov tus naj npawb ntawm lem ntawm winding.
Ib zaug ntxiv, peb nco ntsoov koj tias peb tab tom tham txog Tesla coil bifilar (nrog ob lub kauj). Yog li qhov teeb meem ntawm winding yuav tsum tau ua tiag tiag, vim hais tias tsis muaj dab tsi sensible yuav los ntawm lub tswv yim.
Qee cov ntaub ntawv hais txog capacitors
Nws yog qhov zoo dua los nqa lub capacitor nws tus kheej nrog lub peev xwm tsis dhau (kom nws muaj sij hawm los sau cov nqi hauv lub sijhawm) lossis siv tus choj diode tsim los kho qhov hloov pauv tam sim no. Peb nco ntsoov tam sim ntawd tias kev siv tus choj yog qhov ncaj ncees, vim tias cov capacitors yuav luag txhua lub peev xwm siv tau, tab sis koj yuav tsum tau siv lub zog tshwj xeeb kom tso tawm cov qauv. Tam sim no los ntawm nws ntaus heev (!) muaj zog.
Nco ntsoov tias Tesla kauj ntawm lub transistor tsis suav nrog peb. Tom qab tag nrho, koj tsuas yuav tsis pom transistors nrog cov yam ntxwv xav tau.
tseem ceeb
Feem ntau, peb nco ntsoov koj ib zaug ntxiv: ua ntej sib sau ua ke Tesla kauj, xyuas qhov xwm txheej ntawm txhua txoj hlua hluav taws xob hauv tsev lossis chav tsev, saib xyuas qhov muaj cov hauv av zoo! Qhov no yuav zoo li ib qho kev ntuas ntuav, tab sis qhov kev ntxhov siab no tsis yog yuav tsum tau ua tsis tau!
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom cais cov windings kom ntseeg tau ntawm ib leeg, txwv tsis pub koj yuav tawg.lav. Nyob rau theem nrab winding, nws yog ntshaw kom ua rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm lem, vim hais tias ib tug ntau los yog tsawg sib sib zog nqus khawb ntawm cov hlau yuav dai kom zoo nkauj nrog ib tug me me tab sis tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim tawm corona. Tam sim no nqis mus rau kev lag luam!
Pib
Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, koj yuav tsis xav tau ntau lub ntsiab lus rau kev sib dhos. Koj tsuas yog yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias rau lub cuab yeej ua haujlwm kom raug, koj yuav tsum tsis tsuas yog sib sau ua ke kom raug, tab sis kuj teeb tsa kom raug! Txawm li cas los xij, thawj yam ua ntej.
Transformers (MOTs) tuaj yeem rhuav tshem los ntawm qhov cub microwave qub. Qhov no yuav luag ib tug qauv fais fab transformer, tab sis nws muaj ib qho tseem ceeb sib txawv: nws cov tub ntxhais yuav luag ib txwm ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv saturation hom. Yog li, cov cuab yeej siv tau yooj yim thiab yooj yim tuaj yeem xa mus txog 1.5 kV. Hmoov tsis zoo, lawv kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo.
Yog li, tus nqi ntawm qhov tsis muaj kev thauj khoom tam sim no yog kwv yees li peb mus rau plaub amperes, thiab cua sov txawm nyob hauv qhov tsis muaj zog yog qhov loj heev. Hauv qhov nruab nrab qhov cub microwave, MOT tsim tawm txog 2-2.3 kV, thiab tam sim no lub zog yog kwv yees li 500-850 mA.
yam ntxwv ntawm MOTs
Nco ntsoov! Nrog rau cov transformers no, thawj winding pib nyob rau hauv qab, thaum lub thib ob winding nyob rau sab saum toj. Qhov kev tsim no muab cov rwb thaiv tsev zoo dua rau txhua qhov windings. Raws li txoj cai, nyob rau hauv "secondary" muaj ib tug filament winding los ntawm magnetron (kwv yees li 3.6 Volts). Nyob nruab nrab ntawm ob txheej hlau, ib tus kws ua haujlwm zoo nkauj yuav pom ob peb yam ntawm cov hlau jumpers. Cov no yog magnetic shunts. Raulawv xav tau dab tsi?
Qhov tseeb yog tias lawv kaw ntawm lawv tus kheej ib feem ntawm cov hlau nplaum uas cov thawj winding tsim. Qhov no yog ua kom stabilize lub teb thiab tam sim no nws tus kheej ntawm qhov thib ob winding. Yog tias lawv tsis nyob ntawd, tom qab ntawd ntawm qhov luv luv luv, tag nrho cov khoom thauj mus rau "thawj", thiab nws qhov kev tiv thaiv tsawg heev. Yog li, cov khoom me me no tiv thaiv lub transformer thiab koj, vim lawv tiv thaiv ntau yam tsis kaj siab. Oddly txaus, nws puas tseem zoo dua tshem lawv? Vim li cas?
Nco ntsoov tias hauv qhov cub microwave, qhov teeb meem ntawm overheating ntawm cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb no tau daws los ntawm kev txhim kho cov kiv cua muaj zog. Yog hais tias koj muaj ib tug transformer uas tsis muaj shunts, ces nws lub zog thiab kub dissipation yog ntau dua. Rau tag nrho cov microwave ncu txawv teb chaws, lawv feem ntau tau ntim nrog epoxy resin. Yog li vim li cas lawv yuav tsum raug tshem tawm? Qhov tseeb yog tias nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, "drawdown" ntawm tam sim no nyob rau hauv load yog ho txo, uas yog heev tseem ceeb rau peb lub hom phiaj. Yuav ua li cas overheating? Peb pom zoo kom muab ILO rau hauv cov roj transformer.
Los ntawm txoj kev, lub tiaj Tesla coil feem ntau ua yam tsis muaj ferromagnetic core thiab transformer, tab sis xav tau ib qho hluav taws xob ntau dua. Vim li no, ntsib tej yam zoo li no hauv tsev thiaj poob siab heev.
Ib zaug ntxiv txog kev nyab xeeb
Ib qho me me ntxiv: qhov hluav taws xob ntawm qhov sib txuas thib ob yog qhov hluav taws xob poob siab thaum nws tawg yuav ua rau muaj kev lav phib xaub. Nco ntsoov tias Tesla coil Circuit Court xav tias lub zog tam sim no ntawm 500-850 A. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm tus nqi no, uas tseem tshuav lub sijhawm rauciaj sia taus sib npaug… 10 A. Yog li tsis txhob hnov qab qhov yooj yim ceev faj thaum ua hauj lwm!
Qhov twg thiab yuav khoom ntau npaum li cas?
Alas, muaj qee qhov xov xwm phem: thawj zaug, ILO tsim nyog raug nqi tsawg kawg yog ob txhiab rubles. Qhov thib ob, nws yuav luag tsis tuaj yeem pom nws ntawm lub rhawv txawm nyob hauv cov khw tshwj xeeb. Tsuas muaj kev cia siab rau lub cev qhuav dej thiab "flea khw", uas yuav tsum tau khiav ntau hauv kev tshawb nrhiav qhov koj tab tom nrhiav.
Yog tias ua tau, nco ntsoov siv MOT los ntawm qub Soviet Elektronika microwave qhov cub. Nws tsis yog li compact li imported counterparts, tab sis nws kuj ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub hom ntawm ib tug pa transformer. Nws lub npe kev lag luam yog TV-11-3-220-50. Nws muaj lub zog ntawm kwv yees li 1.5 kW, tsim txog 2200 volts ntawm cov zis, thiab tam sim no lub zog yog 800 mA. Nyob rau hauv luv luv, cov parameters yog heev dlej txawm rau peb lub sij hawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muaj 12V winding ntxiv, zoo tagnrho raws li lub zog hluav taws xob rau lub kiv cua uas yuav txias Tesla spark.
Kuv yuav siv dab tsi ntxiv?
High-zoo high-voltage ceramic capacitors ntawm K15U1, K15U2, TGK, KTK, K15-11, K15-14 series. Nrhiav lawv yog qhov nyuaj, yog li nws yog qhov zoo dua kom muaj cov kws tshaj lij hluav taws xob ua phooj ywg zoo. Yuav ua li cas txog lub high pass lim? Koj yuav xav tau ob lub coils uas tuaj yeem lim tawm cov zaus siab. Txhua tus ntawm lawv yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 140 lem ntawm cov hlau zoo tooj liab (lacquered).
Qee cov ntaub ntawv hais txog lub txim taws
Iskroviktsim los txhawb oscillations hauv Circuit Court. Yog tias nws tsis nyob hauv Circuit Court, lub zog yuav mus, tab sis lub resonance yuav tsis. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob pib "punch" los ntawm cov thawj winding, uas yuav luag lav tau ua rau luv luv Circuit Court! Yog tias lub txim hluav taws xob tsis raug kaw, lub tshuab hluav taws xob siab tsis tuaj yeem raug them. Thaum nws kaw, oscillations pib hauv Circuit Court. Nws yog los tiv thaiv qee qhov teeb meem uas lawv siv lub throttle. Thaum lub txim kaw, lub inductor tiv thaiv tam sim no los ntawm lub hwj chim mov, thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd, thaum lub Circuit Court qhib, ceev ceev ntawm lub capacitor pib.
Device Feature
Thaum kawg, peb yuav hais ob peb lo lus ntxiv txog Tesla transformer nws tus kheej: rau thawj winding, koj tsis zoo li yuav nrhiav tau ib tug tooj liab hlau ntawm txoj kab uas hla, yog li nws yooj yim dua los siv cov kav dej tooj liab los ntawm cov khoom siv tub yees. Tus naj npawb ntawm lem yog los ntawm xya mus rau cuaj. Ntawm qhov "secondary" koj yuav tsum tau cua tsawg kawg yog 400 (txog 800) lem. Nws tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tus nqi pes tsawg, yog li kev sim yuav tsum tau ua. Ib qho kev tso zis yog txuas nrog TOR (xob laim emitter), thiab qhov thib ob yog heev (!) ntseeg tau.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj ua tau lub emitter? Siv ib qho kev ua pa corrugation rau qhov no. Ua ntej koj ua Tesla kauj, daim duab uas nyob ntawm no, nco ntsoov xav txog yuav ua li cas tsim nws ntau dua qub. Hauv qab no yog qee cov lus qhia.
Nyob…
Alas, tab sis cov cuab yeej zoo nkauj no tsis muaj qhov siv tau rau hnub no. ib tug qhiakev sim hauv cov koom haum, ib tus neeg khwv tau ntawm qhov no, npaj cov chaw ua si ntawm "txoj kev txuj ci tseem ceeb ntawm hluav taws xob". Hauv tebchaws Amelikas, ib tug phooj ywg zoo heev ob peb xyoos dhau los ua lub Tesla coil … tsob ntoo Christmas!
Yuav ua kom nws zoo nkauj dua, nws tau siv ntau yam tshuaj rau cov hluav taws xob emitter. Nco ntsoov: boric acid ua rau tsob ntoo ntsuab, manganese ua rau tsob ntoo xiav, thiab lithium ua rau nws crimson. Txog rau tam sim no, muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb txog lub hom phiaj tseeb ntawm kev tsim cov kws tshawb fawb ci ntsa iab, tab sis hnub no nws yog qhov kev nyiam zoo tib yam.
Ntawm no yog yuav ua li cas rau Tesla Coil.
