lub tsev yog qhov tseem ceeb thiab tseem ceeb ntawm tus kheej zaj dab neeg. Ua tsaug rau kev xaiv ntau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov cuab yeej, nws muaj peev xwm ua tau ntawm nws tus kheej tsim lub tsev yam tsis muaj kev pab los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij. Thiab txhua txoj haujlwm pib los ntawm av.
Yuav ua li cas koj yuav tsum tau xyuam xim ua ntej pib tsim kho
Lub hauv paus rau cov tsev yuav tsum tau xaiv los ntawm cov khoom thiab hom av muaj. Ua tsaug rau kev txheeb xyuas cov av, nws muaj peev xwm xaiv qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws.
Soil types:
- sandy loam;
- loam;
- gravel;
- clay;
- rock.
Txawm hais tias qhov yooj yim thiab yooj yim ntawm kev tsim kho, pob zeb-hom av nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug ntom array yam tsis muaj voids thiab kab nrib pleb yog suav tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws haum rau nws kev tsim kho. Nws yog qhov txawv los ntawm qhov tsis muaj cov xuab zeb nrawm, khov rau lub caij txias, kev poob qis, muaj peev xwm muab lub hauv paus thiab tag nrho cov qauv kev ruaj ntseg txaus.
New technologies
Vim txoj kev txhim kho ntawm kev tso cov hauv paus zoo li no, nws tuaj yeem ua tiav kev tsim kho zoo ntawm pob zeb, av nplaum av, nrog rau cov xuab zeb loam thiab loam. Yog li cov av, nws qhov tseem ceeb compression, nrog rau qhov muaj cov xuab zeb nrawm thiab khov heaving yuav tsis tseem ceeb.
av heaving tuaj yeem tshwm sim ob sab ntawm cov qauv thiab hauv qab nws. Barn foundations tuaj yeem tiv thaiv los ntawm qhov no raws li hauv qab no:
- tshem tawm cov av heaving ntawm qhov chaw tsim kho thiab nws hloov nrog cov pob zeb crushed thiab coarse xuab zeb;
- tsim lub hauv paus monolithic;
- waterproofing thiab rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub hauv paus los ntawm txhua sab;
- tob tob hauv lub hauv paus hauv qab qib khov.
Pov tshuaj
Qee lub hauv paus zoo kom ntseeg tau qhov kev ntseeg tau thiab lub zog ntawm cov tsev. Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau them rau cov khoom ntawm cov tshuaj. Standard Portland cement muaj cov yam ntxwv txaus, tab sis nws yuav tsum muaj hnub tsim khoom tshiab. Nws raug nquahu kom yuav cov pob zeb crushed ntawm ib feem zoo, vim qhov no, kev noj cov ntaub ntawv raug txo, cov tshuaj yuav denser thaum tso thiab ntau monolithic thaum solidified. Qhov tsis muaj impurities thiab khib nyiab nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov khoom, suav nrog dej, yog qhov tseem ceeb. Txhawm rau kom tau txais kev daws teeb meem, cement, pob zeb crushed thiab xuab zeb yog tov rau hauv qhov sib piv, ces dej yog nchuav rau hauv ib feem kom tsim ib qho tuab tuab.
Ntawm dab tsi los tsimtsev
Hom lub hauv paus raug xaiv nyob ntawm kev muaj peev xwm nyiaj txiag, tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo (khov, dej hauv av) thiab cov av muaj nyob ntawm qhov chaw.
Strip foundations rau lub tsev yog ntau yam thiab ruaj khov. Lawv cov cuab yeej pib nrog khawb ib lub trench. Ua ntej qhov no, ib qhov chaw raug cim tawm, thiab cov ceg txheem ntseeg nrog cov twine ncab nruab nrab ntawm lawv tau teeb tsa raws thaj tsam ntawm lub tsev yav tom ntej.
Lub hauv paus yuav tau txais lub zog ntxiv thiab khov kho yog tias nws nchuav rau hauv ib hnub thiab ua tib zoo compacted. Nws yog tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias nws yuav siv sij hawm ob peb hnub rau cov pob zeb kom tawv, thiab thaum lub sij hawm tshav kub, kom tsis txhob tawg, nws yog periodically doused nrog dej.
Pillar foundation for a barn
Qhov no yog qhov kev xaiv nyiaj txiag ntau dua thiab yooj yim dua rau kev npaj, uas tsis tas yuav muaj kev koom tes ntawm cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb thiab rov hais dua rau cov kws tshaj lij. Txij li thaum lub hauv paus nyob ntawm ob peb tus ncej khawb rau hauv av, tsis tas yuav khawb ib lub trench tag nrho. Kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tau ua thaum xaiv qhov kev xaiv no rau kev txav hauv av, tab sis nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau qhov chaw tsis sib xws.
Kom foundation technology
Nws yog ntshaw kom nchuav av nplaum av nrog gravel. Qhov tob ntawm kev khawb cov ncej rau kev txhawb nqa yog suav rau hauv tus account theem ntawm kev khov, lwm 15 cm yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau qhov nqi no, cib lossis pob zeb kev txhawb nqa yog ntsia rau ntawm qhov sib txuas ntawm cov phab ntsa thiab ntawm cov ces kaum ntawm lub hauv paus. Hauv qab ntawm txhua qhov chaw so pw tsaug zogxuab zeb thiab gravel, ua raws li tamping. Ib tug pas hlau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw kom muaj zog.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov qauv los ntawm kev poob dej, lub hauv paus pob zeb muaj zog yog muab tso rau hauv qab. Kev tso cov ncej yuav siv qhov chaw seem hauv cov chaw so. Nws tuaj yeem siv cov kav dej uas muaj cov pob zeb, blocks, cib. Thaum siv tom kawg, txheej txheej nrog cov dej tsis muaj dej yog tsim nyog. Lub hauv paus columnar rau lub tsev yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm noo noo nyob rau hauv qhov sib txuas ntawm cov phab ntsa thiab lub hauv paus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias nws tau npaj los tsim los ntawm ntoo.
Txhawb nqa rau lub teeb ntoo tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov khoom zoo sib xws. Rau waterproofing, impregnation nrog tshwj xeeb mastics los yog firing yog siv. Vim li no, lub tsev txhab nyiaj yog ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg thiab nyiaj txiag.
Block shed foundation
Cov npuas npuas yog cov khoom siv sib sib zog nqus thiab ruaj khov nrog tus nqi tsim nyog. Kev txhim kho nws yooj yim heev txawm rau cov neeg uas tsis tau ua haujlwm li no. Lawv tuaj yeem siv tau ob qho tib si rau lub hauv paus thiab rau phab ntsa, tso cai kom txo tau tag nrho cov load ntawm cov av. Kev tsim kho pib nrog kev khawb ib lub trench lossis lub hauv paus pit, yog tias xav tau hauv qab daus.
Kev ntsuas qhov tob uas tau teev tseg saum toj no yog siv, qhov dav hauv qhov no yog qhov tuab ntawm qhov thaiv thiab ntxiv 20 cm. Ib lub hauv ncoo ntawm cov xuab zeb thiab pob zeb yog nchuav rau hauv qab ntawm lub qhov (trench), tom qab ntawd formwork nrog ib tug reinforcing tawb yog ntsia. Qhob yog nchuav los ntawm saum toj no, nws cov txheej yuav tsum yog li 20 cm. Kev txhim kho ntawm cov npuas npuas yog ua tau tsuas yog tom qab ua tiav.kev kho mob.
Lub hauv paus rau lub tsev txhab nyiaj ua npuas ncauj yog ib qho yooj yim rau nruab, tus nqi pheej yig, tiv taus cov av acidic thiab khov, lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntev thiab cov nqi qis rau nws qhov kev npaj.
Kev teeb tsa ntawm cov npuas npuas pib los ntawm kaum cov ntsiab lus. Sau cov seams sab nraud yog nqa tawm nrog qhov sib ntxiv ntawm txhais tau tias tiv thaiv cov dej noo. Lub hauv paus los ntawm sab nraud yog qhwv nrog cov khoom siv dej tsis zoo, ces lub trench yog faus.
Asbestos kav ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm cov tsev
Lub hauv paus rau cov tsev yog tsim los ntawm cov kav dej asbestos-cement nrog lawv cov kev teeb tsa hauv cov qhov dej drilled thiab nchuav nrog cov pob zeb sib xyaw. Lub tawb txhawb nqa yog siv los ua kom muaj kev ntseeg siab thiab muaj zog. Tab sis, zoo li lwm yam kev tsim, nws muaj nws qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo.
Ntawm qhov tsis txaus, nws tsim nyog sau cia qhov tsis yooj yim ntawm kev siv. Lub sijhawm ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws yog kwv yees li 70 xyoo, suav nrog qhov tseeb tias lub hauv paus pob zeb muaj peev xwm sawv ntsug tau ntau pua xyoo, lub hauv paus ua los ntawm pob zeb thiab cib kuj muaj lub neej ua haujlwm ntev.
Pillar yeeb nkab qauv siv tsis tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov av mos, cov av ntub dej thiab thaj av nrog kev hloov pauv loj.
Txawm li cas los xij, lub hauv paus no muaj ntau yam zoo:
- Nws siv sijhawm li ib lub lim tiam kom muaj zog, tom qab ntawd pib ua haujlwm ntxiv.
- Tsis xav yuav ntoo los tsimformwork.
- Tus nqi qis. Asbestos-cement cov kav dej yog pheej yig dua li cov pob zeb ua vaj tse lossis cov pob zeb ua kom muaj zog.
- Tsis tas yuav khawb ib lub trench, theem hauv qab thiab sau rau hauv cov xuab zeb thiab pob zeb sib tov, raws li qee hom kev tsim nyog.
- Tsis muaj khoom nqa lossis kev pabcuam tshwjxeeb rau kev teeb tsa.
