Stain yog ib qho tshwj xeeb tinting muaj pes tsawg leeg uas yog siv los kho ntoo, nrog rau fiberboard, chipboard thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv zoo sib xws. Nrog nws cov kev pab, koj muaj peev xwm tsim qhov xav tau ntxoov ntxoo, ntxiv rau tiv thaiv tej yam ntuj tso array los ntawm pests, kev puas tsuaj ntxov ntxov. Muaj ntau yam xws li kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev ua lag luam. Yog tias koj xav tau, koj tuaj yeem ua ntoo stain nrog koj tus kheej tes. Cov zaub mov txaus nyiam thiab cov lus pom zoo kws tshaj lij yuav tham hauv qab no.
Ntau yam
Ua ntej yuav txiav txim siab yuav ua li cas ua cov tinting muaj pes tsawg leeg rau cov ntaub ntawv ntoo nrog koj tus kheej tes, koj yuav tsum xav txog ntau yam uas nquag siv niaj hnub no hauv kev ua haujlwm zoo li no. Tag nrho cov stains tau muab faib ua hom raws li hom ntawm lawv lub hauv paus. Lawv tuaj yeem yog:
- dej;
- cawv;
- roj;
- acrylic;
- wax.
Txhua ntawm cov ntaub ntawv teev npe muaj qee yam ntawm cov yam ntxwv. Yog li, ib qho ntawm ntau hom yog dej stains rau ntoo. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim los ua xws li ib tug muaj pes tsawg leeg nrog koj tus kheej ob txhais tes. Ua li no, yuav cov hmoov qhuav thiab dilute nws hauv dej. Koj tseem tuaj yeem yuav cov qauv ua kua npaj siv.
Cov dej ntoo stains muaj kev nyab xeeb rau tib neeg thiab ib puag ncig. Nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes, xws li compositions yuav tsum tau npaj nyob rau hauv ib tug teeb meem ntawm vib nas this. Cov hmoov qhuav dissolves sai sai hauv dej. Cov stain yog tsim rau siv sab nraum zoov thiab sab hauv tsev. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, palette ntawm ntxoov yog ntau haiv neeg. Nws tuaj yeem ua suab nrov ntawm lub teeb grey mus rau tsaus liab.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm aqueous ntau yam ntawm stains yog lawv qhov txwv. Rau cov pob zeb resinous, xws li impregnation tsis haum. Txwv tsis pub, cov pob zeb tsis zoo tshwm rau saum ntoo.
Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum stained nrog aqueous compounds, ib tug tuaj yeem soj ntsuam seb cov fibers ntawm cov khoom siv ntuj tsim li cas. Qhov no tso cai rau koj hais txog qhov kev ntxhib los mos, tab sis tib lub sijhawm ntoo yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua rau cov dej noo.
Cawv, roj puag
Yuav ua li cas ua ntoo stain nrog koj tus kheej tes? Ua ntej koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab seb yuav ua li cas thiaj li ua tiav thaum siv lub stain (lub npe hu ua stain). Yog tias koj xav tau kom ntseeg tau tias lub impregnation dries sai, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv ntau hom cawv rau lub hom phiaj no. Lawv kuj raug muag hauvhmoov los yog npaj ua.
Cov xim muaj pes tsawg leeg hauv qhov no nkag mus tob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov array. Lus hauv ib nrab ib teev cov stain dries. Txhawm rau siv cov ntoo zoo li no nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes, ib qho airbrush yog siv. Yog tias koj siv txhuam hniav, qhov chaw tsis zoo thiab stains yuav tshwm sim. Qhov no yog vim lub cawv kom qhuav sai.
Ntoo tom qab kev kho mob zoo li no tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm kev ya raws, nrog rau cov hluav taws xob ultraviolet. Qhov tsis zoo yog qhov tsis hnov tsw zoo thiab yuav tsum tau siv rab phom txau.
Tsis tas li, cov roj stain yog siv thaum ua haujlwm tiav. Nws yog qhov yooj yim heev los thov nws nrog koj tus kheej tes. Hauv qhov no, koj tuaj yeem pleev xim ntoo hauv yuav luag txhua yam xim. Muaj ob hom roj stains:
- pigmented - tsim cov duab ntxoov ntxoo, zais cov qauv ntawm cov khoom;
- impregnating - pleev xim rau sab hauv, hais txog kev ntxhib los mos.
Roj-raws li stain dries tsis nrawm li cawv ntau yam. Tab sis cov cuab yeej no ua rau nws yooj yim siv. Koj tuaj yeem siv cov cuab yeej no rau ntawm qhov chaw nrog txhuam tsis tu ncua. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, txheej yuav sib xws, thiab cov fibers yuav tsis sawv. Cov zaj duab xis ntawm qhov chaw tsis yog tsim, uas tso cai rau cov ntoo ua pa. Qhov xwm txheej no cuam tshuam nws lub neej kev pabcuam. Txhawm rau npaj cov stain zoo li no, koj xav tau tus ntsuj plig dawb. Lub hauv paus tuab tuab yog diluted nrog cov kuab tshuaj no.
YWax thiab acrylic stains
Lwm yam yog siv quav ciabntoo stain. Nws yog qhov yooj yim heev los thov nws nrog koj tus kheej tes. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, qhov nthuav ntau yam yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv lub restoration ntawm qub ntoo nto. Yog hais tias muaj qhov chaw ntawm lub txheej, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntxoov ntxoo uas tau tshwm sim dhau lub sijhawm, cov khoom siv quav ciab yuav sib npaug tag nrho. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntxoov ntxoo yuav tsum me me. Txwv tsis pub, lawv tseem yuav pom.
Wax stain tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv ntawm cov khoom siv uas yuav tawm tsam cov dej noo. Yog li ntawd, xws li compositions yog siv txawm nyob rau hauv cov chav ntub dej. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum ua tiav los yog kho hauv pem teb, nws yog ntshaw kom siv cov wax-raws li stains. Yog tias cov dej ntws mus rau ntawm qhov chaw thaum ntxuav, nws yuav tsis saturate tus qauv ntawm qhov tiav.
Tab sis nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias daim duab siv quav ciab raug rau cov neeg kho tshuab kev nyuaj siab. Yog li ntawd, nws kuj tseem them rau sab saum toj nrog ib txheej ntawm cov kua roj vanish. Xws li ib tug tandem yuav xyuas kom meej lub durability ntawm ntxoov ntxoo, tiv thaiv ya raws, khawb, thiab lwm yam kev phiv los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau ntoo nto.
Acrylic ntau yam ntawm cov stains yog qhov txawv los ntawm cov xim nplua nuj palette. Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem xaiv qhov ntxoov ntxoo los ntawm nplua nuj burgundy dub mus rau lub suab nrov. Ntuj xim av, zib ntab, liab thiab grey ntoo stains yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrov nyob rau hauv tsim sab hauv. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim mus thov xws li ib tug muaj pes tsawg leeg nrog koj tus kheej ob txhais tes. Qhov kev ntxhib los mos ntawm lub ntuj array yog hais txog. Acrylic thiab wax formulations kuj hu ua rustic.
Herbal Ingredients
Nws muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj xim nrog koj tus kheej tes. Daim ntawv qhia ua noj muaj ntau yam. Lawv tuaj yeem suav nrog cov khoom xyaw tshuaj ntsuab. Nroj tsuag tsim ntau yam ntxoov ntxoo:
- Reddish txiv kab ntxwv. Qhov ntxoov ntxoo no tau los ntawm kev siv dos tev. Qhov no muaj pes tsawg leeg yog haum rau lub teeb ntoo hom. Ib tug muaj zog decoction yog brewed los ntawm husk. Cov dej stain yog siv nrog txhuam hauv nws daim ntawv ntshiab lossis ntxiv rau cov xim av xim av.
- Reddish. Qhov ntxoov ntxoo no tau txais los ntawm kev siv lub decoction ntawm larch bark. Feem ntau nws yog siv los ua birch.
- Brown. Ib decoction yog tsim los ntawm walnut plhaub. Lub plhaub yuav tsum rot me ntsis, thiab ces nws yog qhuav nyob rau hauv ib tug canopy. Cov khoom yog sau thiab crushed mus rau ib tug hmoov lub xeev nyob rau hauv ib tug mortar. Nws yog ntxiv rau boiling dej thiab insisted, lim thiab ib tug pinch ntawm dej qab zib yog ntxiv. Cov xim grey yuav tau txais yog tias, tom qab siv cov stains, npog cov ntoo nrog acetic acid.
- Dub ntoo stain. Ua-nws-koj tus kheej muaj pes tsawg leeg yog tsim los ntawm ntoo qhib lossis alder bark.
- Brown honey. Qhov ntxoov ntxoo yog tau los ntawm decoction ntawm willow thiab ntoo qhib tawv, nrog rau alder catkins thiab walnut shells. Tag nrho cov khoom xyaw yog crushed, ntxiv rau dej txias. Ib teaspoon ntawm dej qab zib kuj poured ntawm no. Nws yog tsim nyog los boil me ntsis muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm tsawg tshav kub. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg yog txias, lim.
- Yellow. Rau lub teeb ntoo, stain yog npaj los ntawm buckthorn txiv hmab txiv ntoo (unripe). Yuav kom qhov ntxoov ntxoo nplua nuj, alum yog ntxiv rau lub broth.
- Brown. txiv apples,siv rau decoction, muab cov nplua nuj xim av tint.
Tshuaj yej, kas fes, vinegar, poov tshuaj permanganate
Koj tuaj yeem ua cov stains ntuj rau ntoo nrog koj tus kheej tes los ntawm tshuaj yej lossis kas fes, ntxiv rau vinegar.
Muaj theanine hauv tshuaj yej, uas zoo kawg nkaus tones lub teeb ntoo. Yuav kom qhov ntxoov ntxoo tsaus dua, koj xav tau cov tshuaj yej nplooj uas muaj zog. Rau cov hom phiaj no, tshuaj yej dub yog tsim nyog. Qhov ntau concentrated lub brew, qhov tsaus ntxoov ntxoo yuav yog.
kas fes kuj yog siv rau tinting ntoo. Txhawm rau npaj cov khoom, koj yuav tsum tau zom cov taum kas fes, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxiv me ntsis dej qab zib rau lawv. Koj muaj peev xwm tsuas brew ib tug muaj zog haus thiab ces siv raws li ib tug stain.
Vinegar tuaj yeem siv los ua ib qho tshwj xeeb. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum tau npaj cov khoom hlau, piv txwv li, rau tes. Lawv yog degreased thiab ces ncuav nrog vinegar. Lub thawv tso tseg rau ob peb hnub hauv qhov chaw tsaus. Qhov ntev ntawm lub vinegar zaum, lub richer ntxoov yuav tig tawm. Tab sis lub sijhawm ntev tshaj plaws ntawm cov txheej txheem no yog ib lub lim tiam.
Cov tshuaj no muaj ntxhiab tsw heev, yog li koj yuav tsum tau ua cov ntoo ntawm txoj kev. Nrog rau daim ntawv qhia no, koj tuaj yeem tau txais cov xim tshwj xeeb rau cov ntoo. Ua-nws-koj tus kheej stain, thaum thov, imitates ebony ntoo. Yog tias cov ntoo pib tsaus rau hauv cov xim, piv txwv li, tom qab staining nrog cov tshuaj yej muaj zog, ces tom qab xws li ib tug muaj pes tsawg leeg nws yuav dhau los ua dav hlau dub.
Ntxoov ntxoo los ntawm cherry mus rau xim av tsaus yog tau siv cov poov tshuaj permanganate. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, nws raug coj mus rau qhov nyiaj ntawm 50 g thiab yaj hauv ib liter dej. Tam sim ntawd tom qab kev npajcov tshuaj yog siv nrog txhuam rau ntoo. Tom qab 5 feeb, rub nws nrog ib daim ntaub ntub dej. Yog tias koj rov ua cov txheej txheem dua, qhov ntxoov ntxoo yuav tsaus dua thiab nplua nuj dua. Yog hais tias koj tsim ib tug 3.5% daws ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate thiab txheej txheem birch veneer nrog nws, koj tau txais ib tug Golden xim av tint. Tom qab siv cov poov tshuaj permanganate, ntoo yog varnished nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb muaj pes tsawg leeg. Txwv tsis pub, qhov ntxoov ntxoo no yuav ploj mus dhau sijhawm.
tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg
Xav txog yuav ua li cas ua ntoo stain nrog koj tus kheej tes, koj tuaj yeem nrhiav ob peb yam ntxiv. Qee cov ntoo muaj siab hauv theanine, xws li ntoo qhib lossis walnut. Yog hais tias xws li ntoo yog kho nrog slaked txiv qaub, ib tug xim av tint yuav tau. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub suab xim av ntawm walnut yuav muaj cov ntawv sau ntsuab.
Yog ntoo yog lub teeb, koj tuaj yeem muab qhov ntxoov ntxoo zoo nrog kev pab ntawm barberry cag. Ib decoction yog tsim los ntawm nws, uas 2% alum ntxiv. Cov kua yog boiled, txias thiab lim. Koj tuaj yeem ua cov stain ntoo nrog koj tus kheej tes los ntawm iodine. Ua li no, ntxiv me ntsis ntawm tus neeg sawv cev no rau lub broth. Qhov no yuav ntxiv qhov tob, saturation rau xim av xim.
Yog tias koj siv poplar tua es tsis txhob barberry cag, xim yuav nplua nuj dua. Ua li no, npaj 150 g ntawm poplar ceg. Lawv tau ntim nrog dej, alum yog ntxiv thiab boiled rau ib teev. Cov lim dej muaj pes tsawg leeg yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv hauv iav rau 7 hnub. Tsuas yog tom qab ntawd cov txheej txheem yog npaj rau kev siv. Yog hais tias qhov kev kho no yog tov nrog ib tug decoction ntawm Oak bark, ces qhov ntxoov ntxoo ntawm ntoo yuav yogbrownish-greenish.
Yog tias koj xav tsim lub teeb emerald xim, ntxiv 50 g ntawm verdigris rau vinegar. Tus neeg sawv cev yog boiled rau 10-15 feeb. Tom qab lim cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, lawv kho qhov chaw. Yog tias cov khoom raug npaj, nws yog qhov zoo dua los muab tso rau hauv ib qho dej sov kom txog thaum tau txais qhov ntxoov ntxoo uas xav tau.
Los ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm privet koj tuaj yeem ua qhov stain uas yuav muab cov ntoo dub. Ua li no, kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog tov nrog ntau yam acids. Yog tias koj ntxiv dej rau nws, qhov ntxoov ntxoo yuav xiav.
Tsim ntoo stain nrog koj tus kheej tes, koj tuaj yeem tau txais ntau qhov ntxoov ntxoo. Nws tuaj yeem yog grey, piv txwv li. Koj tuaj yeem ua ib qho nyiaj tint. Txhawm rau npaj ib qho kev daws rau saum npoo, dej thiab vinegar yog sib tov nyob rau hauv sib npaug proportions. Cov ntsia hlau xeb lossis lwm yam khoom siv hlau tau ntxiv ntawm no. Cov tshuaj yog infused rau qee lub sijhawm yam tsis muaj cov ntsia hlau, thiab tom qab ntawd cov hlau rusty ntxiv rau cov kua.
Ua kom cov xim grey ntau saturated, ammonia yog siv, diluted nrog dej. Kev ua haujlwm yog nqa tawm sab nraum zoov. Tsis txhob cia cov khoom no los rau hauv daim tawv nqaij. Nws tsis pom zoo kom nqus cov ammonia vapors, yog li koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo ua haujlwm. Koj yuav tsum tau ua sai sai, vim tias cov xim zoo li no poob nws cov khoom hauv lub sijhawm luv luv.
Thaum ntoo pleev xim rau hauv qhov xav tau ntxoov ntxoo, cov tshuaj ntxuav tawm nrog dej. Txhawm rau ua cov khoom me me, cov khoom ua haujlwm thiab lub thawv qhib ntawm ammonia raug txo qis rau hauv lub thawv kaw. Tom qab ob peb teev, cov khoom ntoo raug tshem tawmcontainers.
Nyob zoo
Ua-nws-koj tus kheej ntoo stain tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom siv. Bleaching tso cai rau koj los npaj cov khoom ua ntej tha xim. Yog li lub suab ntawm cov txheej yuav zoo li nthuav tawm.
Nws tsim nyog xav txog tias thaum ua cov txheej txheem zoo li no, qee hom ntoo tau txais cov xim qub. Yog li, piv txwv li, ib lub txiv ntoo ua xim liab liab, cov txiv apples ua kaus ntxhw.
Birch ua ntsuab tom qab siv tshuaj dawb. Rau qhov no, kev daws ntawm oxalic acid yog siv. Tshauv, ntoo qhib tsuas ci tsis tau hloov lawv cov xim. Yog tias koj kho cov txiv ntoo Anatolian nrog hydrogen peroxide, qhov concentration ntawm tsawg kawg yog 15%, lub xim yuav dhau los ua golden.
Npaj cov tshuaj dawb los ntawm oxalic acid
Cov tshuaj sib txawv yog siv los ntxuav ntoo. Lawv qhov nrawm ntawm qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov khoom tuaj yeem sib txawv heev.
Ib qho ntawm feem ntau siv rau lub hom phiaj no yog cov tshuaj npaj los ntawm oxalic acid. Ua li no, npaj 100 g ntawm boiled dej. Los ntawm 1.5 mus rau 6 g ntawm acid yog yaj nyob rau hauv nws. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws siv rau lub teeb ntoo xws li txiv qaub, birch, poplar, maple, thiab lwm yam.
Yog tias cov array tsaus, thaum ua tiav nrog cov tshuaj zoo li no, cov stains tsis zoo, cov pob grey yuav tshwm sim. Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, qhov tshwm sim yuav zoo nkauj heev. Txhawm rau deresin saum npoo thiab nqa pawg, tom qab kev kho mob nrog kev daws ntawm oxalic acidlub array yog moistened nrog ib tug sib txawv muaj pes tsawg leeg. Nws yog npaj los ntawm 100 g ntawm boiling dej, 3 g ntawm soda tshauv thiab 15 g ntawm bleach..
YSiv hydrogen peroxide
Yuav tsum muaj 25% hydrogen peroxide tov los ua haujlwm. Txoj kev no yog siv rau ntau hom ntoo. Tsuas yog cov ntoo qhib, ntoo txiv qaub, rosewood.
Qhov zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem no yog qhov tseeb tias cov ntoo tsis tas yuav tsum tau ntxuav tom qab kho. Tab sis xws li ib qho kev daws yuav siv tau tsuas yog rau cov ntaub ntawv ntxeem tau zoo. Yog tias muaj ntau cov tannins hauv cov qauv, kev qhia meej yog qhov nyuaj heev. Txhawm rau pab txhawb cov txheej txheem no, qhov chaw yog thawj zaug kho nrog 10% ammonia tov.
