Cov kws tshaj lij welders txiav txim siab argon arc vuam yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws thiab txhim khu kev qha los koom nrog ntau yam khoom siv hlau. Hom kev sib koom ntawm qhov chaw no yog nrov tsis yog hauv kev lag luam kev lag luam, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv kev cob qhia hauv tsev, vim nws tso cai rau vuam hlau nrog cov khoom sib txawv thiab lub cev.
Argon-arc kev twb kev txuas yog cov hlau yaj uas siv tungsten electrodes. Yog li ntawd, ua ntej koj pib vuam, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo nyeem cov hom thiab cov cim ntawm tungsten electrodes rau vuam.
Ntse
Tus qauv tsim, tungsten electrodes yog tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm nyias hlau rods los ntawm nias hais ntawm no hlau. Kev siv cov khoom me me, yav tas los raug rau kev kho kub kub, es tsis yog cov khoom siv hlau, yog ua raws li qhov siab refractoriness ntawm cov khoom no.
Cov pas nrig zoo li no yuav luag tsis txawv ntawm cov hlau cam. Yuav kom stabilize lub arc, txo cov roj tsim, txoacidity ntawm cov hlau, txheej tshwj xeeb yog siv rau tungsten electrodes rau argon arc vuam, uas kuj txhim kho hlau alloying.
Tau kawg, kev siv argon arc vuam rau hauv tsev yog suav tias yog ib qho cuab yeej kim, tab sis cov tuam txhab lag luam dav siv nws los ua haujlwm nrog cov txheej txheem hlau nyuaj los ntawm ntau yam ntaub ntawv. Vim tias qhov tsis muaj qhov tso nyiaj ntau dhau los ntawm txheej txheej, vuam nrog tungsten electrode nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig tiv thaiv roj yog suav tias yog qhov zoo dua li lwm hom vuam.
Electrode muaj pes tsawg leeg
Feem ntau cov tungsten rods yog tsim los ntawm 97% cov hlau ntshiab, nrog rau ntau yam khoom ntxiv uas ua kom cov txheej txheem vuam zoo. Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj ntxiv tuaj yeem yog los ntawm 1.5% mus rau 3%.
Lub ntsiab additives yog:
- zirconium oxide;
- cerium oxide;
- lanthanum oxide;
- thorium oxide;
- Yyttrium oxide.
Vim qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg no, tungsten electrodes rau argon vuam yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm kev kub siab refractoriness (kwv yees li 3000 ℃) thiab kub kub taw tes (yuav luag 5800 ℃). Cov khoom no qhia txog kev siv cov khoom siv tsawg heev thaum lub sijhawm vuam txheej txheem. Tsuas yog pua pua ntawm cov khoom siv yog noj ib 'meter' ntawm vuam seam. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias qhov saum npoo ntawm cov electrodes tsis muaj cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov khoom txawv teb chaws, nrog rau cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis, cov plhaub thiab cov kab nrib pleb. Thaum yuav khoom, qhov saum npoo ntawm cov pas nrig yog pom pom.
Kev kos npe ntawm cov khoom tungsten
Xaiv tuav los ntawmlo lus uas peb sib npaug tau nyob rau hauv txhua lub teb chaws ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, txij li thaum lub cim ntawm tungsten electrodes yog txiav txim raws li thoob ntiaj teb cov qauv. Thiab qhov no txhais tau hais tias nws yog cov ntawv sau rau ntawm lub cev thiab cov xim ntawm lub taub uas qhia txog cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab hom ntawm cov khoom xaiv.
Thawj tsab ntawv W qhia tias qhov no yog tungsten electrode. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom nyob rau hauv nws daim ntawv ntshiab tsis siab heev, yog li alloying Cheebtsam yog ntxiv los txhim kho lawv.
Daim ntawv xaiv ntawm alloying ntxiv Cheebtsam yog qhia raws li hauv qab no:
- WP - qhia tias tus pas nrig yog ua los ntawm tungsten ntshiab;
- C - cerium oxide tivthaiv ntxiv;
- Y - tus pas nrig muaj yttrium dioxide;
- T - electrode muaj thorium dioxide;
- L - lanthanum oxide muaj nyob hauv lub bar;
- Z - qhia tias muaj zirconium oxide.
Tom qab ntawv, muaj cov ntawv sau digital. Thawj qhov qhia txog qhov feem pua ntawm alloying additives. Pawg thib ob ntawm tus lej qhia qhov ntev ntawm qhov bar hauv millimeters. Qhov ntev tshaj plaws yog 175 hli, tab sis cov tuam ntxhab kuj tsim cov electrodes nrog qhov ntev ntawm 50, 75 thiab 100 mm.
Kev tsim cov electrodes los ntawm xim
Xaiv ib lub npe ntawm tungsten electrode los ntawm xim yog qhov yooj yim heev. Cov tsiaj ntawv thiab cov ntawv sau digital qhia tias muaj cov impurities thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov electrodes, uas yooj yim los txiav txim siab los ntawm kev nyeem cov cim ntawm cov hlau.
kom tau txais kev sib txuas zoo thiab txhim khu kev qha ntawm ntau yam hlau, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum xaiv kom raug tsis yog cov vuam hom, tab sis kujncaj qha mus rau tungsten electrode. Yog li ntawd, ntawm no ntau yam ntawm cov vuam consumables, nws yog ib qho yooj yim rau navigate los ntawm cov xim ntawm lub ntsis.
Green xim (WP)
Cov qauv ntawm cov electrodes muaj cov ntsiab lus siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntshiab tungsten, qhov feem ntawm impurities ntawm no tsuas yog 0.5%. Xws li electrodes yog siv rau vuam aluminium, nrog rau cov ntshiab magnesium thiab nws cov alloys. Qhov sib koom ua ke zoo tshaj plaws yog tau txais thaum sib koom ua ke tiv thaiv nrog argon lossis helium.
High arc stability yog ua tiav siv qhov sib txawv zaus tam sim no, zoo dua yog siv lub tshuab oscillator siab nrog lub sinusoidal tam sim no. Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm cov electrodes yog cov duab kheej kheej ntawm lub taub, vim qhov tseeb tias nws cov thermal load yog txwv.
Red (WT20)
Cov qauv ntawm cov electrodes no muaj cov thorium oxide, uas yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg, thiab cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau ib puag ncig, tab sis kuj muaj kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tib neeg. Kev siv ib ntus ntawm cov electrodes no tsis ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau kev noj qab haus huv, tab sis kev siv mus tas li, tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov welder. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev nyab xeeb yuav tsum tau thaum vuam nrog lub electrode nrog thorium yog qhov cua zoo ntawm chav tsev thiab siv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv txhim khu kev qha.
Tungsten electrodes uas muaj thorium yog suav tias yog cov khoom siv thoob ntiaj teb, vim lawv ua haujlwm zoo lintawm ob qho tib si AC thiab DC. Tab sis thaum vuam nrog ncaj qha tam sim no, nws deb tshaj qhov ntsuas qhov zoo ntawm cov pas nrig tsis muaj cov khoom ntxiv, uas ua rau nws daim ntawv thov dav.
Kev ntseeg tau zoo heev tau ua tiav thaum vuam nickel, tooj liab, titanium, silicon bronze, molybdenum thiab tantalum.
White (WZ8)
Cov electrodes no muaj zirconium oxide ua ib qho ntxiv, tsis ntau tshaj 0.8%. Cov pas nrig no muaj peev xwm tiv taus lub nra hnyav dua li lwm hom tungsten electrodes. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los ua haujlwm nrog lawv ntawm kev hloov tam sim no.
Cov pas nrig zoo li no tau nce kev ruaj ntseg ntawm vuam arc. Thaum siv lawv, lub pas dej welded yog kiag li tsis muaj paug, uas ua rau muaj kev tsim cov seam zoo yam tsis muaj ntau yam tsis xws luag. Lawv muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo thaum koom nrog cov khoom ua los ntawm magnesium, npib tsib xee, aluminium, bronze, nrog rau lawv cov alloys.
Grey (WC20)
Cov electrodes no muaj txog 2% cerium oxide, uas yog ib qho tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob tsis tshua muaj hlau hauv ntiaj teb. Nws cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev tso tawm ntawm lub vuam pas nrig, vim qhov kev pib pib yooj yim thiab kev ua haujlwm tam sim no txwv tau nthuav dav.
Cov kws tshaj lij welders txiav txim siab grey electrodes kom ua tiav thoob ntiaj teb, vim lawv ua haujlwm ntawm cov polarity tam sim no, thaum tso cai rau koj txuas yuav luag txhua cov hlau alloys.
Thaum ua haujlwm ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tam sim no, muabzoo heev stability ntawm vuam arc, uas tso cai rau koj mus cuag nyias steel los xij, raws li zoo raws li cov yeeb nkab qhov chaw, yuav luag txhua txoj kab uas hla. Tab sis kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov electrodes ntawm qhov siab tam sim no yog qhov tsis xav tau, txij li cerium oxide tuaj yeem mloog zoo ntawm qhov kub kawg ntawm tus pas nrig.
Dark Blue (WY20)
Vuam ntawm cov txheej txheem nyuaj thiab tseem ceeb ua los ntawm tooj liab alloys, titanium, low-carbon steels feem ntau yog ua nrog electrodes nrog cov alloying additive ntawm yttrium dioxide (kwv yees 2%). Ua tsaug rau ib qho ntxiv ntxiv, cov pas nrig no yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab rau qhov chaw cathode, yog li lub arc ruaj khov ntawm txhua qhov nqi tam sim no.
Cov kws tshaj lij vuam xav txog WY20 qhov ruaj khov tshaj plaws uas tsis yog siv cov tungsten electrode.
Blue & Kub (WL20 & WL15)
Cov electrodes no muaj lanthanum oxide ua ib qho ntxiv. WL20 muaj txog 2% lanthanum thiab xim xiav, thaum WL15 muaj txog 1.5% ntxiv thiab yog cim kub.
Cov hom pas nrig no suav tias yog qhov ruaj khov tshaj plaws, vim tias lawv muaj qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov pas dej sib txuas. Vim qhov zoo no, lub sharpening ntawm hom tungsten electrodes siv sij hawm ntev heev.
Lub peev xwm siab ntawm lanthanums muaj qhov yooj yim ignition ntawm arc thiab tsis tshua muaj siab kub hnyiab los ntawm cov hlau. Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov khoom zoo li no, kev sib txuas ntawm bronze, tooj liab, aluminium, thiab high-alloy steels yog tsim.
Txoj kev ntseelectrodes
Tsis zoo li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, uas npaj siv tau txhua lub sijhawm, tsis siv cov tungsten electrodes yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav. Cov duab ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov khoom no txiav txim siab lub siab ntawm lub arc ntawm cov hlau uas tau welded, nrog rau kev faib tawm ntawm lub zog.
Txoj cai rau kev ua kom cov pas nrig yog nyob ntawm hom ntawm cov electrode, nrog rau cov kev siv ntawm argon arc vuam.
Cov duab ntawm kev ua kom zoo ntawm ntau hom rods yog ua raws li hauv qab no:
- WT electrodes tsim me ntsis pob;
- lub ntsis ntawm WP thiab WL electrodes yog tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug kheej kheej (pob);
- rods WY, WC thiab WZ yog ua lub khob zoo li tus.
Qhov ntev ntawm cov ntse ntse yog xam los ntawm kev sib npaug ntawm txoj kab uas hla ntawm tus pas nrig los ntawm tus lej 2.5. Yog li, yog tias txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub tshuab electrode yog 3 hli, ces koj yuav tsum ua kom nws ntev li 7.5 hli. Cov txheej txheem sharpening yuav ua tau siv ib tug grinder los yog grinder. Tab sis nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau clamp tus pas nrig hauv chuck ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob thiab ua kom ntse ntawm qhov nrawm nrawm.
Tseem ceeb heev yog lub kaum ntse ntse. Qhov ntsuas no nyob ntawm qhov siv vuam tam sim no:
- thaum ua haujlwm ntawm cov dej ntws siab, lub kaum ntse ntse yog 60-120 degrees;
- ntawm qhov nruab nrab tam sim no qhov tseem ceeb, lub kaum sab xis yog 20-30 degrees;
- ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tam sim no - 10-20 degrees.
Lub kaum ntse ntse kom raug cuam tshuam rau kev ruaj ntseg ntawm arc thaum lub sijhawm vuam.
Kev ua yuam kev thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo hauv qab no:
- cov duab tsis sib xws tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm qhov vuam arc ntawm qhov xav tau;
- kev ua txhaum ntawm qhov dav dav ua rau cov cua sov tsis txaus ntawm cov seam;
- Kev tsis ruaj khov ntawm arc hlawv tshwm sim vim qhov khawb tob thiab zawj ntawm lub ntsis;
- Me qhov tob ntawm kev nkag mus thiab hnav siab ntawm tus pas nrig provoke ntse dhau los yog obtuse sharpening ces kaum.
Yog tias tsawg kawg ib qho tsos mob zoo li tshwm sim, nws yog qhov ceev kom nres cov txheej txheem vuam thiab kho qhov tsis xws luag.
Nco ntsoov tias txoj kev xaiv ntawm tungsten electrodes zoo heev ua rau kev tsim khoom ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm cov qauv hlau. Ua tib zoo ua raws li txoj cai kev nyab xeeb thaum ua haujlwm vuam, vim tias kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus welder nyob ntawm qhov no.
