Tus txiv neej kov yeej qhov xwm txheej thaum nws kawm ua hlau. Cov khoom lag luam los ntawm cov hlau alloys nrog ntau yam khoom siv tau hloov lub ntiaj teb dhau qhov kev lees paub. Lub ntsiab tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom hlau yeej ib txwm muaj peev xwm oxidize, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum muaj dej. Rust heev shortens lub neej ntawm tej hlau. Rau ntau txhiab xyoo, hlau ua technologies tau hloov zuj zus. Cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv xeb tau raug txhim kho.
Nyob rau xyoo pua 21st, kev siv hlau dav dav tau hloov pauv cov ntaub ntawv polymer thiab cov khoom sib xyaw zoo heev. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov teeb meem xeb tsis yog yav dhau los.
xeb yog dab tsi
Iron, siv los ua cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm ntau cov hlau alloys, yog qhov muaj zog heev thaum ua ke nrog cov pa roj carbon tam sim no thiab cov ntsev yaj hauv dej. Lub resulting hlau oxides npog cov hlau nrog ib txheej nyias. Tom qab ntawd, lawv hnov mob nrog oxygen thiab dej, cov hlau puas tag, xeb yog tsim.
Tsi,Rust yog hais txog hydroxides tsim nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm carbon dioxide los yog sulfur dioxide. Cov khoom tom kawg yog yuav luag ib txwm muaj nyob hauv dej. Tsis zoo li oxides, lawv tsis npog lub cev tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau nrog ib txheej tuab, tab sis tsim ib zaj duab xis nyias uas tawm ntawm lub ntsiab loj. Qhov no qhib txoj hauv kev rau sab nraud cuam tshuam ntawm ib puag ncig nruj.
Tsuav yog muaj cov hlau ncig los ntawm cov pa oxygen, dej, carbon dioxide thiab sulfur dioxide, cov txheej txheem yuav tsum nres tsis tau.
Vim li cas thiaj xav tau xim
Cov xim rau hlau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv corrosion. Cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg yog xaiv nyob rau hauv xws li ib txoj kev uas lawv tsim ib tug ruaj khov zaj duab xis rau saum npoo. Vim yog adhesion, cov khoom nkag mus rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov khoom siv thiab xyaum ua ib qho nrog nws. Cov txheej txheej txheej txheej ua ib zaj duab xis nyias uas tsis cuam tshuam rau qhov chaw nruj heev. Yog li, cov xim tsis yog tsuas yog lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheej zoo nkauj xwb, tab sis kuj tseem ua haujlwm tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv hlau corrosion.
Los ntawm cov lus hais saum toj no, nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias kev sib txuas thiab kev tiv thaiv rau sab nraud cuam tshuam yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov xim zoo rau cov hlau. Ntawm cov uas sawv tawm:
- Kev nyab xeeb hluav taws.
- tshuaj tiv thaiv.
- Tsis raug UV.
- Ntau lub voj voog khov-thaw yam tsis poob lawv cov khoom.
- Shock resistance nrog rau kev co kuj.
Vim cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg, txhua cov xim tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob peb pawg.
YEpoxy enamels
Epoxy resins feem ntau yog siv los ua lub hauv paus los tsim cov xim pleev xim rau cov hlau. Cov cuab yeej ntawm resin los tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab ruaj khov ntawm qhov chaw yog qhov muaj nuj nqis heev. Xws li lub hauv paus yog xyaum tsis raug tshuaj lom neeg, muaj kev nyab xeeb hluav taws kub siab. Vim muaj ntau yam additives, ib qho viscosity tiav, uas ua rau cov xim pleev xim rau saum npoo resistant rau kev co. Nws tsis yog coincidence uas tej compositions tau lug siv nyob rau hauv lub tsheb lag luam.
Epostat primer-enamel tuaj yeem suav tias yog cov khoom siv hauv paus. Lub ntsiab kom zoo dua ntawm no enamel yog ib tug high drying tus nqi thiab tsis kam mus rau kub heev. Nws yuav luag tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm cov khoom oily, ntsev thiab dej tshiab.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm epoxy raws li cov xim rau hlau yog lawv cov nqi siab thiab nyuaj rau kev thov.
Oil paints
Qhov kev xaiv pheej yig rau kev tiv thaiv xeb yog xim rau cov hlau raws li cov roj ziab. Lub ntsiab kom zoo dua ntawm xws li ib tug txheej yog ib tug high degree ntawm kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov hlau los ntawm cov teebmeem ntawm sab nraud ib puag ncig. Dej tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov txheej txheem zoo li no. Tsis tas li ntawd, manufacturers tsim ntau yam xim ntawm xws li coatings. Cov cuab yeej no ua rau lawv nrov li cov xim hlau sab nrauv.
Raws li piv txwv, peb tuaj yeem suav cov khoom lag luam zoo "Lakra" nrog cov khoom lag luam uas ua tau raws li txhua qhov kev xav tau ntawm kev pleev xim.
khoom vaj khoom tsevtsim ib zaj duab xis impenetrable plays ib tug phem tso dag nrog nws. Ib txhij nrog kev tiv thaiv los ntawm ib puag ncig nruj, kev sib pauv roj yog thaiv los ntawm qhov loj ntawm cov qauv. Qhov no ua rau flaking thiab blistering, shortening lub neej ntawm txheej thiab yuav tsum tau repainting li niaj zaus.
Alkyd txheej
Alkyd-raws li txheej yog dav siv. Feem ntau cov kuab tshuaj yog cawv dawb. Lub siab volatility ntawm cov khoom no accelerates cov txheej txheem ziab ntawm qhov chaw. Kev sib tov ntawm cov kuab tshuaj, alkyd, pigments nrog ntau yam additives thiab nruab nrab roj ua rau nws muaj peev xwm los tsim ib tug tshiab painting cuab tam - xim rau hlau nyob rau hauv cov kaus poom.
Ntau hom xim ntxoov ntxoo thiab qhov yooj yim ntawm kev siv cov aerosols no tau ua rau lawv txaus nyiam rau ntau daim ntawv thov. Nws hloov tawm ib txheej txheej ntawm qhov chaw thiab sib sib zog nqus txhaws ntawm tag nrho nws cov pores.
Ntos coated li no tsis plam lawv qhov zoo rau lub sijhawm ntev heev. Tus nqi tseem pheej yig rau cov neeg siv khoom nruab nrab. Ib tug ntawm cov thawj coj nyob rau hauv lub lag luam no yog lub Hamerite trademark.
Acrylic hmoov
Kev txhim kho ntawm petrochemistry ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tsim thiab tsim cov khoom nrog cov khoom tsis paub yav dhau los. Yog li, cov xim pleev xim rau cov hlau tau yug los. Vim tias cov dej zoo tib yam ua cov kuab tshuaj, cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no tau siv dav. Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov xim tau yooj yim heev, thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo tau nce.
Polymer hmoov enabled tsim cov txheej txheem tshiabnto. Nyob rau hauv lub siab kub, hmoov xim rau hlau nteg cia, tsim ib tug zoo kawg nkaus tiaj tus nto, heev reminiscent ntawm enamel. Cov txheej txheem polymerization ua rau nws ua tau los tsim cov hniav zoo nkauj heev nrog kev tiv thaiv zoo heev ntawm cov hlau ntau. Kev noj cov xim muaj pes tsawg leeg tseem tsawg kawg nkaus rau ib cheeb tsam. Lub ntsiab tsis zoo ntawm cov thev naus laus zis yog qhov muaj cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb.
Rauj nto
Rauj xim rau cov hlau tsis yog los ntawm cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov khoom, tab sis los ntawm qhov muaj cov khoom tshwj xeeb. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg nws tus kheej tuaj yeem muaj cov muab tub lim - epoxy, acrylic lossis alkyd. Tseem ceeb tshaj, dab tsi additives yog siv los muab rauj nyhuv. Feem ntau siv yog cov iav zoo thiab cov hmoov txhuas. Lub nto npog nrog xws li ib tug muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj nthuav zoo nkauj zoo nkauj, reminiscent ntawm tes chasing nrog rauj. Qhov tsis xws luag ntawm cov xim pleev xim yog ploj.
Ib qho piv txwv yog Dali lub cim lag luam. Xws li enamels haum zoo rau ntawm qhov chaw xeb thiab ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov hlau mus txog 8 xyoo. Feem ntau cov hluav taws kub retardants yog tsim los ntawm lawv lub hauv paus. Ib qho kev tshwm sim nthuav yog qhov chaw ua av-tiv taus.
Primer-enamel
Raws li twb tau sau tseg lawm, ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho kom zoo yog adhesion. Thaum nws los txog rau qhov chaw tshiab, yuav luag txhua cov xim muaj cov nplaum zoo. Lwm qhov yog xim xim.cov hlau qub lossis cov khoom siv ua haujlwm nyuaj.
Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej no, nws yog ib txwm siv primers rau saum npoo pretreatment. Xws li enamels muaj adhesion siab. Lub tsho tiv no sab saum toj nrog cov yam ntxwv zoo dua nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev tiv thaiv sab nraud cuam tshuam zoo rau ntawm qhov chaw npaj ua ntej.
Lub ntsiab zoo ntawm primer enamels suav nrog:
- Tsim ib zaj yeeb yaj kiab uas tiv thaiv kev nkag mus ntawm dej thiab huab cua.
- Kev qeeb ntawm cov txheej txheem corrosion, uas yog ua tiav los ntawm cov khoom ntxiv uas ua rau cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg qeeb.
- Orthophosphoric acid, uas yog ib feem ntawm enamels, reacts nrog hlau thiab xeb. Hlau phosphate yog tsim, uas tiv thaiv corrosion ntxiv los ntawm kev tsim.
- High adhesion tso cai rau cov muaj pes tsawg leeg nkag mus rau hauv txheej txheej galvanized.
- Vim suav nrog cov hlau microparticles ntawm qhov chaw, tus tiv thaiv raug tsim.
- Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau siv cov primers ntawm high humidity.
Cov ntsiab lus tsis tso cai rau kev sib piv ntawm ntau hom kev kho hlau nto. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm tsab xov xwm no yog muab lub tswv yim ntawm ntau yam kev tiv thaiv xim rau hlau.
