Orchids yog paj zoo nkauj thiab zoo nkauj. Nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, rau ib tug tsawg txawv txawv qauv, connoisseurs nteg tawm ib tug huv si sum. Txog yuav ua li cas loj hlob orchid hauv tsev, cov neeg nyob ib puag ncig tsis muaj lub tswv yim. Kev yug me nyuam cov tropical sissies no yog ib txoj hauj lwm nyuaj, yuav tsum muaj peev txheej, thiab suav tias yog kev lom zem ntawm millionaires.
Hnub no qhov xwm txheej tau hloov pauv: ntau yam tshiab thiab cov hybrids tau tshwm sim uas tsis muaj kev saib xyuas, tib neeg tau kawm txog kev nthuav tawm orchids vegetatively, thiab lub tsev paj muaj ntau cov nroj tsuag zoo nkauj ntawm tus nqi pheej yig.
Lub orchids twg tuaj yeem nyob hauv tsev
Orchids loj hlob nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov teb chaws tshwj tsis yog Antarctica, nyob rau hauv txawv climatic zones thiab tej yam ntuj tso tej yam kev mob. Lawv suav nrog 100 txhiab ntau yam thiab hom, thiab tsuas yog ib feem me me ntawm cov nroj tsuag tsim nyog rau kev saib xyuas sab hauv tsev.
Yuav kom paub yuav ua li cas cog orchid hauv tsev thiab cov xwm txheej twg los tsim rau nws, koj yuav tsum xav txog tias lawv tau muab faib ua peb pawg:
- epiphytes - loj hlob siv lwm cov nroj tsuag ua kev txhawb nqa;
- lithophytes - loj hlob ntawm pob zeb npog nrog moss;
- terrestrial - cov uas loj hlob hauv av.
Ib genus tuaj yeem suav nrog ob qho tib si epiphytic thiab lithophytic orchids.
Feem ntau ntawm tag nrho cov yog epiphytes, nws yog nyob rau hauv lawv lub hauv paus uas spectacular hybrids yog tsim nrog loj paj ntawm kaj elegant xim. Yuav ua li cas loj hlob orchids nyob rau hauv tsev yuav mastered los ntawm ib tug neeg laus pensioner yog hais tias nws xaiv ib tug ntawm cov hom uas tsis xav tau tshwj xeeb tej yam kev mob.
Qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws orchids loj hlob uas txawm tias tus pib tuaj yeem loj hlob yog:
- cattleya;
- phalaenopsis thiab nws cov hybrids;
- dendrobiums;
- cymbidiums, suav nrog cov me me;
- Ocindium thiab lwm yam genera;
- odontoglossum.
Lawv tau yooj yim tso nrog huab cua qhuav, tsis muaj lub teeb thiab qee qhov tsis zoo hauv cov ntsiab lus.
Lawv muab tso rau ntawm windowsill hauv cov lauj kaub tshwj xeeb lossis dai rau hauv cov blocks thiab pob tawb, simulating ntuj kev loj hlob. Orchids xav tau kev ywg dej me ntsis, tshwj xeeb substrate thiab cov kua chiv tshwj xeeb. Nyob rau hauv captivity, paj loj hlob zoo, thiab 2-3 zaug ib xyoos zoo siab nrog ntev flowering.
Kev tsim tawm: faib, sowing
Txoj hauv kev yooj yim tshaj plaws los muab cov khoom sau ntxiv yog mus rau tom khw ze tshaj plaws. Nyob ntawd koj tuaj yeem xaiv cov nroj tsuag zoo tsim nrog buds thiab paj, ntsuas qhov xwm txheej ntawm nws cov hauv paus hniav thiab qhov ci ntawm cov xim.
Yuav ua li cas cog orchid hauv tsev los ntawm twbcov nroj tsuag uas twb muaj lawm? Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tau los ntawm kev faib, txiav, menyuam mos thiab cov noob.
Yog tias koj xav tshaj tawm daim ntawv luam nyob hauv tsev thawj ob txoj hauv kev, koj yuav tsum xav txog ob peb lub ntsiab lus:
- Tsuas yog tus neeg laus noj qab nyob zoo thiab muaj zog cog yog tsim rau cov hom phiaj no.
- Ib hlis ua ntej faib lossis cog, tso tseg dej thiab fertilizing, muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw ci tab sis tsis tshav ntuj, tshuaj tsuag ib ntus.
- Yuav tsum tau tshuaj tua kab mob.
- Txhua qhov kev txiav thiab qhov txhab raug kho nrog hluav taws kub (ntsuab ntsuab, cinnamon).
Lub sijhawm zoo tshaj rau kev yug me nyuam yog pib lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav.
Yuav ua li cas tsa tus menyuam orchid
Nyob rau hauv dendrobiums, cov menyuam mos yog tsim los ntawm kev ua txhaum ntawm lub voj voog hauv kev saib xyuas, phalaenopsis muab rau lawv thaum lawv poob lawv qhov kev loj hlob. Qee cov hybrids tas li tsim cov menyuam mos ntawm peduncles: qhov no yog lawv cov caj ces.
Nws yuav siv sijhawm li 3 lub hlis txij thaum pib ntawm cov menyuam yaus ntawm cov nroj tsuag mus rau qhov sib cais, lub sijhawm lawv tso tawm 3-4 nplooj, thiab cov hauv paus hniav yuav tsum loj hlob 3-4 cm. Yog tias lawv tsis yog. cais, kev loj hlob ntawm nplooj yuav nres, thiab cov hauv paus hniav yuav loj hlob sai. Cov nroj tsuag hluas tuaj yeem tawg, lub sijhawm no lawv tsis tsim kev sib cais.
Ntxhais orchid
Ib txoj hauv kev loj hlob orchid hauv tsev yog tseb noob. Txoj kev yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho cov, thiab kuj kim. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau txais cov khoom tshwj xeeb, ua kom tsis muaj menyuam thiab ua siab ntev. Cov noob me tshaj plaws yog muab tso rau hauv qhov nruab nrab as-ham thiab germinate tom qabob peb lub hlis. Cov sprouts yog mos heev, thiab koj yuav tsum tau tos lwm 2 xyoo ua ntej transplanting. Lawv yuav tawg tsuas yog tom qab 3-5 xyoos, thiab orchia Venus khau khiab tuaj yeem tso cov buds thawj zaug hauv 10 xyoo.
