Lub hauv paus cuab yeej muab rau kev tsim cov formwork. Qhov no yog ib tug molding qauv rau hauv uas ib tug xuab zeb-cement mortar yog poured. Feem ntau nws yog tsim los ntawm cov ntoo, thiab tsis ntev los no cov tshuab ntawm polystyrene ua npuas ncauj thav duab tau pib sib kis, ua haujlwm zoo ib yam, tab sis ntawm qib siab dua. Nyob rau hauv lem, hlau formwork yog deb ntawm qhov kev daws teeb meem tshaj plaws rau kev tsim lub hauv paus, tab sis qee zaum nws ua rau nws tus kheej.
Technology overview
Vim yog qhov nyuaj ntawm kev teeb tsa thiab kev thauj mus los, thaum txhim kho kev tsim kho ntawm cov formwork, nws tsis tshua muaj siv. Yog li ntawd, nws tau sau nrog kev cia siab ntawm kev rov siv dua yav tom ntej. Raws li rau kev sib raug zoo nrog ntau hom ntawm lub hauv paus, muaj kev xyaum tsis muaj kev txwv - ntxiv mus, hlau theoretically hloov mus ua ntau universal.ib qho kev xaiv rau kev teeb tsa pwm hauv qab pob zeb mortar dua li ntoo. Hauv kev xyaum, hlau formwork yog siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm columnar, pawg, slab foundations, tab sis qhov nrov tshaj plaws yog daim kab xev. Tshwj xeeb, xws li lub hauv paus yog siv rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm cov tsev nyob qis qis. Platforms rau ntau-storey tsev yog tsuas yog ntsia rau slab foundations nrog ib tug hlau txhawb nqa qauv.
khoom siv ua haujlwm
Nws tsis yog yuav tsum tau siv cov alloys uas muaj zog heev - zoo li ntoo, nyias daim hlau ua haujlwm zoo ntawm kev tuav haujlwm hauv kev cuam tshuam nrog kev sib xyaw ua ke. Cov hlau thiab txhuas tuaj yeem siv tau. Qhov kev xaiv no yuav raug txiav txim siab ntau dua los ntawm hom formwork - tshem tau lossis kho. Nyob rau hauv thawj rooj plaub, nws yog ntshaw kom siv steel ntsiab, thiab nyob rau hauv lub thib ob yuav tsis muaj ntau qhov sib txawv. Tshwj tsis yog tias koj yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov hnyav ntawm cov qauv. Cov cuab yeej ntawm ib qho hnyav hlau formwork rau lub hauv paus nrog tom qab dismantling tsis ua rau kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov nqi ua haujlwm. Lwm qhov yog tias qhov kev teeb tsa ntawm daim ntawv nqa khoom tuaj yeem ua rau nws tsis tuaj yeem siv txhuas thiab ntoo nrog polystyrene. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntxiv rau lub hauv paus hlau, cov qauv yuav xav tau fasteners, fittings thiab ntau hom clamps rau kev tso kev sib txuas lus.
hom formwork qauv
Muaj ntau ntau txoj kev xaiv rau kev tsim cov ntawv hlau rau lub hauv paus. Raws li txoj cai, cov qauv me me thiab cov vaj huam sib luag loj, nrog rau cov qauv hloov tau, yog qhov txawv. ATHauv thawj ob qhov xwm txheej, cov ntaub thaiv npog ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib dhos. Nyob rau hauv lub me me-vaj huam sib luag formwork, ib tug ncej ntawm complex geometry yog tsim, uas ua rau nws yooj yim rau embed auxiliary functional qhov chaw rau rwb thaiv tsev, mounting inserts rau cov grillage, thiab lwm yam. Loj panels rau hlau formwork yog siv nyob rau hauv loj-scale tej yaam num uas yuav tsum tau rau cov bearing muaj peev xwm ntawm lub hauv paus ncej tuaj rau lub hauv paus. Raws li kev kho qhov system, ua tsaug rau qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev hloov cov duab thiab kev teeb tsa, nws ua rau nws tuaj yeem txhim kho cov qauv vaj tsev tsis yog qauv.
Formwork ntau lawm
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog kev teeb tsa ntawm cov pob txha formwork los ntawm cov laug cam saum toj no. Feem ntau cov ntsiab lus steel nrog lub thickness ntawm 1.5-2 hli yog coj. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm txhuas, lub thickness nce mus rau 5-6 hli. Nyob rau theem no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los tsim lub ntsiab lub cev ntawm formwork, uas yuav ces muab tso rau hauv ib qho chaw npaj rau installation. Kev sib dhos yog ua los ntawm kev sib txuas thauj tog rau nkoj, bolts, studs thiab lub tes tsho tubular. Ua tsaug rau qhov tom kawg, ob daim thaiv npog tau muab coj los ua ke thaum tswj kev ncua deb ntawm 30-50 cm. Nyob rau theem ntawm kev tsim cov hlau formwork, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam tib qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntaub thaiv npog raws lawv tag nrho ntev. Nws yog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw dawb no uas pob zeb yuav raug nchuav. Txhawm rau ntxiv dag zog rau cov qauv, koj tuaj yeem siv lub kaum sab xis los ntawm welding ob sab ntawm lub modules rau nws. Qhov no yog ua rau steel shields, thiab mos aluminium tuaj yeem ntxiv dag zog nrog boltedkev sib txuas, qhia kev sib txuas sib txuas rau hauv cov qauv.
Installing the structure
Ib trench 50-70 cm tob yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub tiav formwork, fabricated thav duab yuav muab tso rau hauv nws, tab sis ua ntej nws yog tsim nyog los tsim ib tug txhim khu kev qha puag. Nyob rau hauv qab muaj ib tug tuab hlau platform nrog ntxiv dag zog nrog thav duab kab teeb. Thiab twb nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus no, lub installation ntawm hlau formwork nyob rau hauv lub vaj huam sib luag hauv paus yog nqa tawm. Nyob rau theem no, sab braces raug teeb tsa kom ruaj ntseg kho cov ntaub thaiv npog, thiab cov hlua pov tseg yog mounted nyob rau sab sauv - cov ntsiab lus saum npoo los tuav cov qauv rau lub sijhawm mortar solidification. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev los muab cov kav dej PVC hauv cov qauv tsim los ntawm cov qhov rau qhov cua. Nrog kev pab los ntawm tib yam li, contours rau nteg kev sib txuas lus yog teem. Lawv raug fastened nrog clamps los yog welded loops ntawm qhov chaw uas engineering circuits dhau. Thaum kawg, cov pob zeb sib tov rau lub hauv paus yog poured. Lub sij hawm polymerization ntawm cov qauv yog nyob rau nruab nrab 15-20 hnub.
Pros of thev naus laus zis
Zoo li txhua cov qauv hlau, tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm cov qauv ntoo, xws li formwork yeej muaj zog thiab muaj peev xwm. Yog tias koj siv nws nyob rau hauv ib tug tsis-tshem tawm tsim, ces durability yuav ntxiv rau cov txiaj ntsig. Hauv qhov kev ntsuas no, nws tuaj yeem sib piv cov hlau formwork nrog polystyrene formwork, tab sis cov nyhuv ua haujlwm yuav yog kwv yees li qub. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb nyob ntawm qhov loj me (steel shields thinner thiab siv qhov chaw tsawg dua) thiab daim ntawv(polystyrene muaj ntau hom kev tso tawm). Yog tias peb kov qhov teeb meem ntawm kev lag luam, ces hlau yuav raug nqi me ntsis ntau dua li ntoo, tab sis pheej yig dua li cov khoom yas.
Cons of thev naus laus zis
Nws tsim nyog pib nrog lub koom haum hassles, vim nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, kev xa cov qauv, sib sau ua ke lossis disassembled, yuav tsum tau ua nrog kev sib txuas ntawm cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb. Tib yam mus rau installation. Cov ntaub thaiv npog loj tuaj yeem ntsia tsis tau yam tsis muaj cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb lossis cov cuab yeej txav tau. Lub installation ntawm txhuas hlau formwork yog pom yooj yim, tab sis qhov kev xaiv no muaj kev txwv tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev xaiv ntawm txoj kev rau ntxiv dag zog thiab koom nrog cov ntsiab lus txhawb zog. Ob leeg tuab thiab nyias rods, yog tias tsim nyog, tuaj yeem welded rau steel shield nto, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no nws yuav tsum tau siv kim welding ntawm anodized aluminium, uas tsis yog ib txwm muaj txiaj ntsim nyiaj txiag.
Zaj lus
Kev siv cov hlau rau pob zeb nchuav ntawm lub hauv paus feem ntau yog qhov tsim nyog thaum txhim kho cov formwork ruaj khov. Nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug qauv, nws tsis yog yuav tsum tau dismantle lub vaj huam sib luag ntsiab thiab koj muaj peev xwm suav tau rau lub sij hawm ntev kev ua hauj lwm ntawm ib tug ruaj khov lub hauv paus rau lub tsev. Tsuas yog ua haujlwm ntau dua polystyrene nrog lub teeb yuag modular blocks uas tuaj yeem ntsia tsis tau tshwj xeeb mounting cov cuab yeej tuaj yeem sib tw nrog txoj hauv kev no. Tshem tau hlau formwork yuav tsum tau siv nyob rau hauv tej yaam num uas nws yog npaj los npaj lub hauv paus rau ib tug loj cheeb tsam. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv structurally complex systems, ntoo tej zaum yuav tsis muaj peev xwm tiv taus cov loads uas hlau yuav lis. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum lub hauv paus puv tau txais lub zog txaus thiab hardens, cov ntaub thaiv npog tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm yam xyuam xim. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov qauv yuav nyob ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov pob zeb sib xyaw siv.
