Qhov kev xav tias nws nyuaj heev rau solder cov khoom ua los ntawm txhuas lossis alloys raws li nws yog qhov yuam kev loj heev. Tau kawg, yog tias koj siv cov khoom sib xyaw tsim los ua haujlwm nrog tooj liab, tooj dag lossis hlau rau qhov no, ces nws yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo. Cov solders tshwj xeeb rau soldering aluminium yuav ua rau cov txheej txheem no yooj yim heev.
Txoj kev ntawm aluminium thiab alloys raws li nws
Teeb meem tshwm sim thaum soldering aluminium yog vim nws cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb:
- siab oxide zaj duab xis rau saum npoo;
- qis melting point;
- siab kub muaj peev xwm.
Raws li qhov ntsuas kub ntawm qhov txhuas yog soldered, muaj ob txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb:
- qis kub hauv thaj tsam ntawm 150-300⁰С (mos soldering);
- kub - 390-580⁰С (nyuaj soldering).
Muab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov hlau, cov tuam ntxhab tau tsim tshwj xeeb solders thiab fluxes rau soldering aluminium.
txiaj ntsig ntawm soldering
Yav dhau los, tshwj xeeb argon vuam tau siv los txuas cov khoom siv txhuas. Cov hauj lwm zoo li no yuav tsum tau kim heevcov cuab yeej siv, thiab tsuas yog tus kws tshaj lij uas muaj peev xwm siv tau. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm vuam, cov hlau raug puas tsuaj rau qhov tob.
Soldering aluminium nrog solders thiab fluxes yog devoid ntawm tag nrho cov saum toj no tsis zoo thiab muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm zoo:
- Muaj cov khoom siv tau siv los txhawm rau qhov chaw.
- Kev ua haujlwm tuaj yeem ua tau txawm tias yog tus kws ua yeeb yam tsis paub, uas yog, lawv tuaj yeem ua rau lawv tus kheej hauv tsev.
- Kev ncaj ncees thiab cov qauv ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum tau koom nrog tsis raug ua txhaum cai.
- Nrog cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo, lub zog ntawm kev sib koom ua ke tsis yog qis dua rau welds.
- Reheating ua rau nws yooj yim los hloov qhov txheeb ze ntawm qhov chaw thiab qhov taw tes soldering.
Kub kub aluminium brazing
Txhawm rau kom ruaj khov txuas cov khoom txhuas loj txaus, thiaj li hu ua nyuaj soldering yog siv. Rau qhov no koj yuav xav tau:
- gas burner;
- txhuam txhuam;
- kub.
Cov haujlwm ua haujlwm algorithm yog qhov yooj yim heev:
Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm soldering, ua tib zoo ntxuav cov khoom siv txhuam hlau
Peb ua kom sov qhov sib txuas ntawm qhov chaw nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob rau qhov kub ntawm cov hlau nplaum (rau cov khoom siv niaj hnub no feem ntau yog 390-400⁰С)
- Nias lub pas nrig rau ntawm qhov taw tes thiab siv rau saum npoo nrog kev txav txav.
- Hlau txhuam tshem cov oxide zaj duab xis nyob rau hauv cov molten solder.
- Cia qhov chaw txias lawm.
Cov tawv tawv tawv
Rau lub sijhawm ntev, tsuas yog 34A solder muaj rau cov neeg siv khoom Lavxias. Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom no yog aluminium (txog 66%). Qhov kub thiab txias yog 530-550 ⁰C. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua hauj lwm nrog kev ceev faj heev kom tsis txhob yaj los yog puas lub fastened qhov chaw, vim hais tias lub melting ntawm txhuas nws tus kheej pib twb nyob rau ntawm 660 ° C. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum ua haujlwm, raws li kev pom zoo ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom, cov pas nrig solder yuav tsum tau ua ntu zus hauv F-34A flux.
Qhov kub ntawm aluminium soldering nrog HTS-2000 (American-made) yog li 400 degrees. Cov ntsiab lus txuas nrog yam tsis muaj kev siv flux. Qhov no ua rau cov txheej txheem yooj yim heev.
Lwm tus neeg nyiam thiab ntau hom flux-cored solder yog Swiss Castolin 192 FBK. Nws qhov kub thiab txias yog me ntsis siab dua - 440 degrees. Lub xub ntiag ntawm flux nyob rau hauv tus qauv ntawm tus pas nrig pab txhawb kev tshem tawm cov oxide zaj duab xis los ntawm qhov chaw thiab ua kom ntseeg tau qhov adhesion ntawm solder rau txhuas.
Ob qho tib si ntawm cov khoom sib txawv saum toj no yog tsim los ntawm zinc, yog li qhov taw tes soldering muaj cov khoom tiv thaiv corrosion siab.
Nkauj tawm tshiabcov tuam ntxhab, tus neeg sib tw tsim nyog tau tshwm sim - Super A + solder rau aluminium soldering, uas tau tsim thiab tam sim no tsim nyob rau hauv Novosibirsk. Raws li nws cov yam ntxwv kev, nws yog nyob rau hauv tsis muaj txoj kev inferior rau Western counterparts. Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov tawv soldering yog nqa tawm ntawm tib yam 400 degrees siv tau rau cov hlau. Thiab tsis tas yuav siv flux. Tab sis tus nqi rau nws yog qis dua (2-3 zaug) dua li ntawm nws cov Western counterparts. Cov neeg tsim khoom ceev faj tsis txhob tshaj tawm cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb.
qis kub aluminium brazing
Vim tias cov khoom muag muag feem ntau ua tiav ntawm qhov kub ntawm 230-300 ⁰С, koj yuav xav tau nws:
- hluav taws xob soldering hlau;
- solder rau aluminium brazing;
- flux;
- khoom siv tes ntxuav qhov chaw (steel txhuam, ntaub ntawv lossis ntawv xuab zeb).
Kev txiav txim ua haujlwm:
- Txhawm rau qhov yuav tsum tau koom nrog txhua yam kev siv tshuab.
- Kho lawv hauv txoj haujlwm raug.
- Tshuaj flux rau qhov chaw ntawm soldering (piv txwv li, nrog txhuam).
- Npaj ntawm cov hlau (preheated) soldering hlau thiab solder bar so tiv thaiv kev sib tshuam.
- Lub solder pib yaj. Ua ntej cov hlau soldering, peb solder tag nrho cov seam ntawm kev sib koom tes.
- Cia cov khoom fastened txias.
- Ua tib zoo ntxuav qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los ntawm cov khoom seem (piv txwv li, nrog ib daim ntaub lossis cov ntaub so ntswg ntub dej hauv cawv).
Solders rau aluminium soft soldering
Aluminium brazing yog tam sim no sivformulations los ntawm ntau manufacturers. Muaj ntau tus ntse solder aluminium nrog Lavxias teb sab-ua P250a solder. Nws yog tsim los ntawm tin (80%). Nws kuj muaj zinc (19.85%) thiab me me ntawm tooj liab (0.15%). Tus nqi qis thiab muaj nyob ntawm qhov tau los ua rau nws muaj koob meej txaus.
Ntau heev nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws yog Swiss Castolin 1827 solder rau txhuas soldering. Nws muaj nyiaj, cadmium thiab zinc. Txawm li cas los xij, tus nqi rau nws yog ntau dua li cov neeg Lavxias. Tsis tas li ntawd, manufacturers xav kom siv nws nrog fluxes ntawm lawv tus kheej ntau lawm.
Fluxes rau aluminium brazing
Fluxes yaj thiab tshem tawm cov oxide zaj duab xis los ntawm cov hlau saum npoo, thiab tseem ua rau kev sib kis zoo dua ntawm cov molten solder, uas thaum kawg cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo thiab lub zog ntawm kev sib txuas. Yog li ntawd, lawv yuav tsum tau xaiv kom zoo zoo li txhuas solder.
Russian cov tuam txhab ("SmolTechnoKhim", "Connector", Rexant, "Zubr") muab ob lub ntsiab ntawm cov kua dej nquag: F-59A thiab F-61A. Tsab ntawv Performance index "A" nyob rau hauv lub cim txhais tau tias lawv muaj pes tsawg leeg yog tsim tshwj xeeb rau soldering aluminium, alloys raws li nws, nrog rau kev sib xyaw ua ke nrog tooj liab, hlau thiab lwm yam hlau.
Ntawm cov kua dej ntws tawm los rau cov muag muag muag, cov neeg siv Lavxias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau Swiss Castolin AluTin 51. Cov ua tib zoo tsim thiab zoo sib npaug yog tsim rau ob qho tib si.rau soldering aluminium ntsiab, thiab ua ke nrog lwm yam hlau.
Txhua cov fluxes teev saum toj no yog tsim los rau qhov kub thiab txias (hauv thaj tsam ntawm 150 txog 300 degrees). Brazing aluminium yog nqa tawm tsuas yog tsis tas siv cov fluxes, lossis nws cov khoom tsim los rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov pas nrig.
In xaus
Los ntawm tag nrho cov saum toj no, peb tuaj yeem kos cov lus xaus tsis meej: cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom siv aluminium yog qhov yooj yim heev thiab siv tau rau txhua tus. Paub txog cov khoom siv twg los yuav thiab siv cov cuab yeej siv dab tsi, koj tuaj yeem muab cov xaim hluav taws xob txhuas ua ke los yog kho qhov tawg tsis siv neeg kis cov roj lauj kaub.
