Ntau tus tswv ntawm cov vaj tsev ntiag tug thiab cov chaw tsim khoom lag luam tau txaus siab rau qhov zoo ntawm cov xaim hluav taws xob thaum tsim hluav taws xob tswj hwm tus kheej. Cov tshuab zoo li no tau siv txhua qhov chaw. Muaj cov cables tshwj xeeb uas tuaj yeem txuas tsis tau tsuas yog sab hauv, tab sis kuj sab nraum chav. Cov no yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv icing.
Cov xov hlau zoo li no txawv ntawm ntau tus yam ntxwv los ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob hauv qab cua sov. Lawv ceev cov txheej txheem ntawm cov daus melting ntawm ntau qhov chaw. Ua tsaug rau lawv txoj kev siv, koj tuaj yeem zam qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov dej khov rau ntawm txoj kev tsheb mus rau lub tsev, ntawm cov kauj ruam, lub ru tsev thiab cov kav dej. Kuj tseem muaj cov kab ke uas yuav tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj dej khov thiab cov kav dej sib txuas.
Yuav tsum siv qhov system
Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tshem tawm cov dej khov los ntawm ntau qhov chaw tau siv los ntawm tib neeg lub sijhawm ntev. Ib tug thawj tshwm sim los tiv thaiv icing system ntawm lub aircraft. Niaj hnub no, cov thev naus laus zis zoo sib xws tau siv hauv lub neej txhua hnub.
Ntau tus tswv tsev ntiag tug siv tshwj xeebcov xov hlau uas ua rau muaj kev kub nyhiab ntawm cov daus uas sib sau ua ke ntawm txoj hauv kev ntawm qhov chaw, ntawm lub ru tsev thiab gutters. Dej khov tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij loj rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv thiab khoom. Cov daus daus tuaj yeem swb nqes ntawm lub ru tsev txhua lub sijhawm ntawm lub taub hau ntawm cov neeg hla.
Yuav kom tsis txhob plam ntawm cov kauj ruam, txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov poob ntawm cov dej khov, kom tuaj yeem tawm ntawm qhov chaw txawm tias huab cua tsis zoo lossis tom qab cua daj cua dub hnyav, siv cov tshuab tiv thaiv icing.
System Nta
Nyob hauv Moscow, Ufa, St. Petersburg, Yekaterinburg, ntxiv rau hauv NN, ntau lub nroog thiab cov chaw ntiag tug tau nruab nrog cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv icing. Qhov no yog vim qhov kev xav tau ceev los txhim kho kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov pej xeem thaum lub caij ntuj no. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib tug tshwj xeeb hluav taws xob xaim yog siv. Nws zoo ib yam li cov tshuab uas siv hauv tsev. Txawm li cas los xij, nws lub zog yuav tsum siab dua.
Rau qhov sib piv: qhov nruab nrab lub zog ntawm lub tsev sov hauv chav tsev tuaj yeem yog 150 W / m². Qhov pom zoo nominal hluav taws xob noj ntawm qhov kev tiv thaiv icing rau peb lub teb chaws yog 300-350 W / m². Thiab qhov no yog deb ntawm qhov sib txawv xwb.
Hlau ntsia sab nraum zoov raug rau ntau yam kev cuam tshuam ib puag ncig. Nws braid yuav tsum tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias hloov. Muaj ob lub hauv paus ntsiab lus rau cua sov ntau yam khoom siv nrog lub cable.
Resistive wire
ru tsev thiab gutter anti-icing system tuaj yeemgenerated nrog ib tug resistive cable. Tus neeg xyuas pib no muaj nichrome core. Muaj ntau ntau yam sib txawv tiv thaiv nyob ib ncig ntawm nws, ib tug grounding conductor. Tag nrho qhov ntev ntawm cov hlau heats li sib npaug.
Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob overheating ntawm cable, nws yog txwv tsis pub nteg cov lem ntawm lub kaw lus nyob ze rau ib leeg, hla cov hlau. Hom kab ke no tau ua pov thawj tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv av cua sov hauv tsev cog khoom, kev tsav tsheb, cov kauj ruam, teb, thaj chaw paving, thiab lwm yam.
Rau lub ru tsev tiv thaiv icing, nws tsis haum zoo. Qhov tseeb yog qhov sib txawv ntawm lub ru tsev, qhov kub ntawm lub hauv paus yuav txawv. Piv txwv li, thaum lub hnub tawm los, nws yuav sov tsuas yog ib sab ntawm lub ru tsev. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nyob rau hauv ib feem ntawm lub resistive hlau yuav overheat. Qhov no yuav ua rau nws ua tsis tiav.
Txoj kev txhim kho cov xaim hluav taws xob
Kev txhim kho ntawm cov xaim hluav taws xob muaj ntau yam nta. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau nyeem cov chaw tsim khoom cov lus qhia rau cov khoom nthuav tawm. Hauv qhov no, koj tuaj yeem ua txhua kauj ruam kom raug.
Kev txhim kho ntawm cov xaim hluav taws xob cuam tshuam nrog kev teeb tsa ntawm lub ntsuas sov rau cov tshuab tiv thaiv icing. Cov cuab yeej no yuav tswj tau qhov kub thiab txias. Qhov no yuav txuag hluav taws xob. Yog tias qhov ntsuas kub sab nraum zoov qis dua -5ºС, lub ntsuas sov yuav ua rau lub sijhawm kaw cov hlau. Qhov no yuav tswj qhov ntsuas kub uas yuav tsum tau ua kom cov dej khov yaj.
Lub ntsuas kub muaj qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas kub uas ntsuas qhov ntsuas kub ncaj qha ntawm ib sab ntawm cov cua sov. Thaum nws txiav txim siab tias nws txias dhau lawm, lub kaw lus yuav tig rov qab. Qhov no txo cov nqi hluav taws xob.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov hlau tiv thaiv
Roof anti-icing system feem ntau yog ntsia los ntawm cov xov hlau ntawm ntau yam sib txawv. Lub resistive cable nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no muaj ntau yam tsis zoo. Qhov tseeb yog qhov ntev ntawm gutters, ru tsev slopes yog ib txwm txawv. Yog tias muaj hlau ntau, nws tsis tuaj yeem txiav. Yog tias qhov kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov tub ntxhais raug ua txhaum, lub kaw lus yuav tsis ua haujlwm.
Tsis tu ncua overheating ntawm cov hlau, uas yog inevitable thaum ntsia nyob rau hauv gutters, yuav ua rau lub kaw lus sai sai. Tom qab ob peb lub caij, nws yuav tsum tau hloov.
Nws tseem yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias kev teeb tsa ntawm lub kaw lus yuav kim dua vim yog kev yuav khoom siv ntxiv. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau nruab ib lub ntsuas sov hauv qhov system zoo li no. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, cov peev txheej tseem ceeb ntawm lub zog yuav raug cawm. Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuab zoo li no yog piv rau tus kheej tswj cov xov hlau. Ib tug coil ntawm hlau 10 m ntev tus nqi (nyob ntawm seb cov chaw tsim tshuaj paus) los ntawm 5 mus rau 8 txhiab rubles. Tus nqi ntawm lub ntsuas cua tuaj yeem yog los ntawm 1.5 txog 5 txhiab rubles.
kho tus kheej xaim
Ib qho kev tiv thaiv kab mob icing gutter yog qhov zoo dua los nruab nrog tus kheej tswj cov hlau. Cov xaim no muaj ob txoj hlua los ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob tam sim no. Nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov cores no yog ib tug matrix ntawm semiconductor khoom. Nyob ib ncig ntawm qhov systemnpog nrog ntau txheej tiv thaiv.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov system no yooj yim. Thaum hluav taws xob dhau los ntawm qhov system, cov khoom siv matrix resists nws. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov hlau pib cua sov mus rau ib tug tej yam kub. Cov khoom siv matrix reacts rau ambient kub. Thaum nws txias sab nraum, qhov tsis kam ntawm cov polymer ntawm cov cores ua tsawg heev.
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, cov hlau sai sai ua rau lub hauv paus. Thaum nws tau sov dua sab nraum lub qhov rais, qhov tsis kam rau hluav taws xob tam sim no nce hauv matrix. Cov hlau heats tsawg dua. Tus tsim ntawm xws li ib tug hlau muaj xws li tshwj xeeb seem. Yog li ntawd, tus kheej-regulating cable yuav raug txiav. Hauv qhov sib txawv, nws qhov kub thiab txias yuav tsis zoo ib yam ntawm nws qhov ntev.
Txheej txheem ntawm kev tswj tus kheej xaim kev teeb tsa
Kev txhim kho cov kab ke tiv thaiv kab mob uas siv cov hlau tswj tus kheej muaj ntau yam nta. Qhov no cable tsis ntshai ntawm qhov kub thiab txias hloov nyob rau hauv ntau seem ntawm txoj kev. Nws txuas nrog lub ntsaws ncaj qha rau lub qhov hluav taws xob. Lub zog taw tes yuav tsum yog hauv av.
Thaum txhim kho lub system tsis xav tau lub ntsuas sov. Lub kaw lus nws tus kheej yuav hloov kho rau cov xwm txheej uas twb muaj lawm. Qhov no yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo. Vim cov qauv tsim, cov hlau tuaj yeem ua kom sov sib txawv raws nws qhov ntev. Thaum lub hnub ci ntsa iab ntawm lub ru tsev hauv ib cheeb tsam, cua sov yuav txo qhov no. Hauv qhov no, ntu ntawm cov hlau uas tseem nyob hauv qhov ntxoov ntxoo yuav kub hnyiab ntau dua.
Qhov nocov cua kub zoo tshaj plaws. Tus nqi ntawm cov hlau no yuav yog me ntsis siab dua li ntawm ntau yam resistive. Cov tshuab los ntawm cov tuam ntxhab sib txawv tau muag. Qhov nruab nrab, 10 m ntawm kev tswj tus kheej xaim tuaj yeem yuav ntawm tus nqi ntawm 5 mus rau 10 txhiab rubles. Nws cov nqi them sai sai thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev tswj tus kheej
cua sov ru tsev thiab gutters nrog anti-icing systems ua los ntawm tus kheej-regulating xov hlau muaj ob peb qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Qhov zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem nthuav tawm suav nrog lawv cov zoning. Cov hlau tuaj yeem txiav hauv cov kauj ruam ntawm ob peb centimeters. Qhov no ua kom muaj qhov zoo, raug teeb tsa.
Lub zog noj thiab ua haujlwm ntev ntawm qhov kev nthuav qhia yog siab dua li ntawm cov xaim hluav taws xob. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws tsis yog yuav tsum tau ntxiv ib tug kim thermostat rau lub Circuit Court. Qhov no yog ib qho khoom siv uas tsis ntshai ntawm qhov kub thiab txias hloov, overheating.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev tswj tus kheej xaim suav nrog nws tus nqi siab. Ntau tus tswv cuab ntiag tug nyiam muab cov kev thiab cov kauj ruam nrog pheej yig dua cov kab hluav taws xob. Rau cov laj thawj no, yuav tsum muaj cov duab loj ntawm qhov system. Rau gutters, tus kheej-regulating hlau yog zoo tagnrho.
Zone cable
Anti-icing systems tuaj yeem ua rau hauv daim ntawv mats. Ib tug resistive hlau yog nteg tawm ntawm ib daim phiaj tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom polymeric. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov kauj ruam tso tau raug xam kom raug. Installers tsuas xav taudov tawm xws li ib daim lev, thiab tom qab ntawd sau nrog cov txheej txheem tsim nyog.
Hom kab ke no yog nyob rau qeb ntawm cov xaim hluav taws xob. Lub mesh uas lub cable yog nteg tawm tuaj yeem txiav. Feem ntau, qhov dav ntawm lub yob yog 50 cm. Mats nrog ib tug dav ntawm 80 thiab 100 cm kuj nyob rau hauv kev muag khoom, nws yog yooj yim dua los siv cov qauv 50 cm dav. Los ntawm kev txiav cov mesh, koj tuaj yeem npaj lub npog 1 m dav. Cov hlau tsis raug txiav.
Mat feem ntau yog siv rau mounting cua sov ntawm driveways mus rau lub tsev, qhov chaw nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub terrace. Tsis tas li ntawd, nrog rau lawv cov kev pab, koj muaj peev xwm equip lub cua sov ntawm cov kauj ruam, lub Upper platform ntawm lub qab nthab. Tus nqi ntawm xws li ib tug system yog siab. Yog li ntawd, ib tug pa hlau nkag nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug bay yog siv ntau dua.
Kev txhim kho av cua sov
Cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv icing feem ntau yog mounted rau hauv av. Hauv qhov no, koj yuav tsum ua raws li cov lus qhia ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom.
Ua ntej koj yuav tsum npaj qhov chaw uas lub kaw lus yuav raug teeb tsa. Qhov no tuaj yeem yog cov av compacted lossis cement stair pad. Yog tias tsim nyog los ua kom cua sov ntawm cov lem, ib txheej ntawm gravel (txog 10-15 cm) yog nchuav rau hauv av. Nws zoo tamped. Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum tau nteg ib txheej ntawm thermal rwb thaiv tsev. Ib daim kab xev tshwj xeeb uas ua los ntawm cov hlau yog nteg tawm ntawm nws. Nws tuaj yeem muab los ua ib qho khoom siv lossis yuav cais ntawm kab.
Daim kab xev no ruaj ntseg rau cable. Nws yog pw nrog ib tug nab nrog ib tug tej yam kauj ruam (qhia los ntawm cov chaw tsim tshuaj paus). Feem ntau nws yog 10-15 cm. Lub kaw lus yog them nrog ib txheej me me ntawm xuab zeb. Tom qab ntawd txhua yam yog nchuav nrog pob zeb lossis paving slabs.
raunpaj cov cua sov ntawm lub qab nthab, cov hlau yog nteg tawm ntawm lub hauv paus pob zeb npaj, thiab ces nws yog poured nrog lwm txheej ntawm cement mortar.
Txhim kho cov xaim ntawm lub qhov dej
Anti-icing systems rau gutters yog mounted me ntsis txawv. Self-regulating hlau yog nyob rau hauv qhib, nws tsis yog poured rau hauv pob zeb. Qhov no yog ua tau los ntawm lub peev xwm ntawm cov hlau tsis txhob overheat.
Nyob ntawm kev teeb tsa ntawm lub qhov dej, lub ru tsev yog nteg tawm hlau. Nws tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv ib tug nab los yog ib lub strip. Hauv qhov no, tshwj xeeb clamps yog siv. Lawv tuav lub kaw lus ruaj ntseg ntawm qhov chaw.
Tom qab xav txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev tiv thaiv icing, koj tuaj yeem xaiv qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau koj qhov chaw.
