Tam sim no gladioli nrov heev ntawm cov neeg ua teb. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qee lub sij hawm thaum lawv raug suav hais tias yog cov nroj tsuag thiab tsuas yog tshem tawm ntawm cov nplej. Cov Greeks thaum ub tau ua li no nrog cov paj zoo nkauj no, tab sis tib lub sijhawm cov neeg Loos dai lawv lub vaj nrog lawv. Tam sim no, ntau thiab ntau tus neeg ua liaj ua teb tau txais cov khoom cog rau lawv tus kheej, tab sis tsis yog txhua tus tau npaj los cog cov paj zoo nkauj ntawm lawv qhov chaw. Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm peb yuav xav txog tag nrho cov yam ntxwv uas muaj feem xyuam rau gladioli, cog thiab kev saib xyuas nyob rau hauv qhib teb, nrog rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm khaws cia tubers.
Kev piav qhia
Gladiolus yog tsob ntoo ornamental. Nws muaj ib tug ncaj qia nrog ntev nplooj thiab paj. Cov nplooj muaj xim ntsuab nplua nuj, thiab tsis muaj dab tsi hais txog ntau yam ntxoov ntxoo ntawm paj. Feem ntau, gladioli muaj ntau ntau hom ntawm cov xim sib txawv thiab cov duab. Cov nplooj ntawm cov nroj tsuag no me ntsis zoo li lub ntsej muag ntawm rab ntaj. Gladiolus hauv paus yog ib lub noob uas nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawmkev loj hlob ntawm cov me nyuam, nrog kev pab los ntawm cov nroj tsuag no reproduce. Tab sis txhua yam hais txog gladioli, cog, kev saib xyuas, cia qhov muag teev yuav tau tham tom qab hauv kab lus.
Txoj Cai Loj Loj
Muaj tag nrho cov cai uas cuam tshuam nrog gladioli, cog thiab saib xyuas hauv thaj teb qhib, yog tias koj ua raws li lawv, koj yuav tuaj yeem loj hlob paj zoo nkauj thiab noj qab haus huv hauv koj lub vaj.
- Gladiolus yuav tsum tsis txhob loj hlob nyob rau hauv tib qhov chaw rau ntau tshaj ob xyoos. Txhua xyoo peb yuav tsum tau hloov pauv mus rau lwm qhov chaw - qhov no yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej.
- Ntxiv rau qhov chaw uas cov paj yuav loj hlob, koj yuav tsum hloov cov av muaj pes tsawg leeg. Nov yog lwm yam uas yuav tau xav txog.
- Gladioli tau siv rau qee qhov kev nyab xeeb, yog li thaum yuav cov khoom cog, qhov tseeb no yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account. Cov qij uas tau coj los ntawm Holland yuav muaj tseeb txaus siab rau koj nrog paj, tab sis qhov no yuav tshwm sim ib zaug xwb. Qhov no yog vim lub paj uas yav tas los loj hlob nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntub dej uas nws ib txwm los nag yuav tsis xis nyob qhov twg muaj hnub ci thiab sov so.
- Yog tias koj muaj menyuam yaus thiab cov qij loj, ces koj yuav tsum cog lawv cais. Yog cog sib tov ces cov loj yuav tsim txom cov me. Feem ntau, sim xaiv cov khoom cog loj tshaj plaws thiab cog rau hauv nyias lub txaj.
- Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau them rau qhov tob cog. Yog hais tias cov av yog mos, ces koj yuav tsum tau tob tob los ntawm plaub txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub qhov muag teev uas twb muaj lawm, thiab yog hais tias cov av yog hnyav, ces ib txoj kab uas hla yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm. Yog cog tsis raugKoj yuav tsum tau khi ib xub nrog ib lub paj, thiab nws muaj peev xwm hais tias lub gladiolus yuav tsis tawg kiag li. Qhov no tshwm sim thaum cov qij cog tob heev.
- xav ua ntej txog hnub koj yuav cog qhov muag teev. Peb lossis tsib hnub ua ntej no, cov dos yuav tsum tau tev. Txwv tsis pub, nws yuav tsis loj hlob. Tom qab cog ib pliag, lawv yuav tsum tau ywg dej txhua hnub.
- Nyob rau hauv ntxoov ntxoo koj tuaj yeem cog ntau yam thaum ntxov, tab sis txawm tias lawv yuav tawg tom qab ib txwm nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no. Thiab lig ntau yam cog nyob rau hauv ntxoov ntxoo tej zaum yuav tsis thov nrog lawv flowering txhua. Sim xaiv qhov chaw tshav ntuj.
- Thaj chaw yuav tsum muaj qhov cua zoo tab sis tsis yog cua ntsawj ntshab. Txwv tsis pub, qhov tsos ntawm ntau yam kab mob fungal hem.
- YYog tias koj cog gladioli hauv cov av xuab zeb, ces nws yog qhov zoo dua rau fertilize lawv los ntawm kev txau.
- Nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov, gladioli tsuas yog xav tau ib qho dej hauv ib lub lis piam, tab sis ntau heev. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias lub caij ntuj sov tau kub heev, ces koj yuav tsum ua qhov no txhua hmo. Tsis txhob hnov qab loosen cov av tom qab txhua qhov dej los nag kom nws tau qhov cua zoo.
- Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb los ntawm tus neeg ua teb xav tau kev tu lub qhov muag teev thiab lawv qhov chaw cia tom ntej. Qhov no yuav yog cov khoom sib cais hauv kab lus no thiab yuav tsum muaj kev txaus siab rau tus neeg ua teb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov pib.
Npaj cov qij
Raws li rau lub paj ntawm gladioli, cog thiab saib xyuas (duab txuas), koj yuav tsum pib kawm cov khoom no los ntawm kev npaj qhov muag teev rau cog.
Xav ua ntejthaum koj cog lawv sab nraum zoov, vim peb lossis plaub lub lis piam ua ntej ntawd, koj yuav tsum pib npaj cov khoom cog. Corms yog them nrog ntom ntom, uas yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm nyob rau hauv xws li ib txoj kev raws li tsis txhob ua puas lub sprouts uas twb muaj lawm. Txhua qhov muag puas los yog muaj kab mob yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm. Lawv tsis haum rau kev tsaws. Nws tsuas yog tso cai rau cog cov qhov muag teev uas cuam tshuam los ntawm khawb los yog sclerotinia. tab sis cov chaw puas yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm thiab thaj chaw txiav uas muaj cov ntsuab ci ntsa iab.
Tej thiab ua cov qij yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv ib kab kom cov sprouts nyob rau saum. Muab lawv tso rau hauv ib chav sov thiab qhuav. Nyob rau hauv lub xeev no, lawv yog mus txog rau thaum tua pib sprout. Ua ntej cog, cog cov khoom yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev tiv thaiv ntau yam kab mob. Rau lub hom phiaj no, 0.3% tov ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate yog siv, nyob rau hauv uas lub qhov muag teev yog muab tso rau tsis pub tshaj ob teev, los yog ib tug 0.3% tov ntawm "Fundazol", qhov twg cov corms yuav tsis ntau tshaj li ib teev.
Qee zaum nws tshwm sim tias kev ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau ua tam sim ua ntej tso tawm. Hauv qhov no, siv cov tshuaj ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate. Rau ib liter dej koj xav tau 1/2 gram ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate. Cov qij tau muab tso rau hauv cov tshuaj no rau ib nrab teev thiab tam sim ntawd tom qab nws cog rau hauv av.
Npaj menyuam
Cov menyuam mos Gladiolus kuj xav tau kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb, cog thiab saib xyuas uas tsis tuaj yeem pib yam tsis muaj kev kho tshwj xeeb. Tab sis rau lawv lub tshuab yuav me ntsistxawv. Lub plhaub raug tshem tawm ntawm lawv tsuas yog ob lub lis piam ua ntej cog hauv av. Sim xaiv lub raum uas muaj tsawg kawg yog yim millimeters ntawm txoj kab uas hla. Tsis muaj ntau yam loj heev, ces cov me nyuam raug coj me me. Tom qab tshem tawm ntawm daim tawv nqaij, lawv kuj tau muab tso rau hauv ib kab thiab muab tso rau hauv ib qho chaw uas diffused tshav ntuj yuav poob rau lawv. Cov me nyuam uas tau sprouted yog muab tso rau hauv ib tug daws ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate. Rau ib gram ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate, koj xav tau ib liter dej. Nyob rau hauv cov kua, sprouted dos tsis tsawg, tab sis tsis ntau tshaj cuaj teev.
Qhov no yog hom kev saib xyuas rau gladioli ua ntej cog uas txhua tus neeg ua liaj ua teb yuav tsum muab. Kev mloog yuav tsum tau them tsis yog rau cov corms loj xwb, tab sis kuj rau cov me nyuam.
Xaiv qhov chaw
Gladiolus hlub kom loj hlob qhov twg muaj ntau lub teeb thiab sov txaus. Tias yog vim li cas qhov kev xaiv ntawm qhov chaw yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tshwj xeeb.
Thaj chaw uas koj npaj yuav cog gladioli yuav tsum muaj qhov cua zoo, tab sis yuav tsum tsis muaj cov ntawv sau cia. Yuav tsum muaj ntau lub hnub ci thiab zoo-draining av uas gladioli hlub. Kev tsaws thiab tawm hauv Urals thiab nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm lub teb chaws xav kom lub teeb ntawm lub xaib tas li. Txawm tias qhov tsawg tshaj plaws shading ua rau lub fact tias cov paj pib loj hlob qeeb dua thiab tej zaum yuav tsis tawg txhua. Yog tias koj yog ib tus neeg nyob rau sab qab teb, koj tuaj yeem tso qee tus duab ntxoov ntxoo, tab sis tsuas yog thaum tav su.
Sim xaiv qhov chaw uas yuav tsis muaj dej nyob hauv av. Qhov no yog lwm qhov teeb meem uas ua rau muaj ntau yam kab mob. Zoo dua yog tiasqhov chaw yuav muaj qhov nqes me ntsis, raws li cov dej ntau dhau yuav ntws.
Raws li rau cov av, rau perennial gladioli, cog thiab kev saib xyuas yuav tsum muaj cov av acidic me ntsis. Yog hais tias acidity tshaj pH 6, 8, cov lus qhia ntawm nplooj yuav pib daj thiab maj mam ploj mus, thiab paj yuav qhib heev maj mam. Muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm Fusarium.
Qhov ib puag ncig alkaline ua rau cov hlau uas muaj nyob hauv cov av tsis yaj thiab yog li tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau cov nroj tsuag. Hauv qhov no, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov chlorophyll hauv nplooj yog qeeb qeeb thiab qhov no ua rau lawv yellowing. Yog hais tias tag nrho cov av nyob rau hauv koj cheeb tsam yog acidic, ces koj yuav tsum tau ntxiv qe, chalk los yog dolomite hmoov rau nws. Ib qho ntawm cov khoom xyaw no yog noj ntawm tus nqi ntawm 200 grams ib square meter. Cov khoom raug ntxiv rau qhov laj thawj, tab sis thaum khawb.
Soil structure
Chernozem suav hais tias yog cov qauv zoo tshaj plaws, tab sis cog rau hauv cov av loamy lossis xuab zeb loam raug tso cai. Koj tuaj yeem tsim cov qauv zoo sib xws ntawm koj tus kheej. Ua li no, hnyav loam yog diluted nrog xuab zeb, thiab me ntsis av nplaum tuaj yeem ntxiv rau cov av xuab zeb, nrog rau humus thiab rotted compost. Ib qho ntxiv tsuas yog ua thaum khawb. Feem ntau qhov no ua tiav ua ntej. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj tswj tau xaiv qhov chaw uas sov sov los ntawm lub hnub ci, ces koj tuaj yeem ua qhov no ua ntej tsaws nws tus kheej.
Yog tias koj nyob hauv thaj chaw uas los nag tsis ua rau ntau dhau, ces nws yog qhov zoo dua los khawb cov txaj thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg, thiab lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav.tsuas yog xoob me ntsis. Qhov no pab khaws cov dej noo. Gladiolus zoo siab qhov twg legumes, zaub thiab qee yam tshuaj ntsuab siv los loj hlob. Thiab koj tsis tas yuav cog lawv qhov twg cov neeg sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg Aster lossis cov qoob loo hauv paus loj hlob. Lub txaj yuav tsum dav li ntawm 1.2 meters.
Rau cov neeg ua teb uas twb paub qhov twg corms yuav cog rau lub caij nplooj zeeg, cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev ua ntej fertilization yuav pab tau. Nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg, cov chiv tshwj xeeb qhuav tuaj yeem siv tau. Rau ib square meter ntawm txaj, koj yuav xav tau ib puas grams qhuav superphosphate thiab txog plaub caug grams chloride chiv. Tom qab qhia cov khoom noj ntxiv, koj tuaj yeem khawb qhov chaw zoo. Tab sis nrog qhov pib ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thaum cov av loosened, potassium sulfate los yog potassium magnesia ntxiv.
cog noob
Feem ntau, koj tuaj yeem cog gladioli los ntawm lub Plaub Hlis Ntuj mus rau thaum ntxov Tsib Hlis, tab sis koj yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account huab cua hauv koj cheeb tsam. Thiab cov neeg nyob rau sab qaum teb yog qhov zoo dua los ncua kev tsaws thiab pib nws tom qab me ntsis.
qhov muag teev loj yuav tsum tob kaum tsib centimeters, thiab qhov muag teev me tsis tshaj kaum. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm ib lub noob mus rau lwm qhov yog sib npaug ntawm qhov tob ntawm lub qhov. Tab sis qhov deb ntawm ib kab mus rau lwm qhov tsis tuaj yeem tsawg dua nees nkaum centimeters.
Qhov chaw tsaws yuav tsum tau npaj ua ntej. Dej xuab zeb tau tso rau hauv qab, tab sis nws yuav zoo dua yog tias sphagnum moss muab tso rau ntawd. Los ntawm saum toj no, cov txheej no yog poured nrog ib tug daws ntawm "Fitosporin" thiab dej, tom qab uas lub qhov muag teev yog nteg tawm on to top thiab ntxiv dropwise. Vim li cas tiagmoss? Vim tias nws muaj peev xwm khaws cov dej noo ntev, tab sis tib lub sijhawm tiv thaiv kev tsim ntawm rot. Nws tsis pub cov av kom qhuav txawm tias thaum tshav kub kub heev.
Nyiam nug tau nawb
Tom qab cog cov noob rau hauv av qhib, nws yuav tsum tau muab kev saib xyuas kom raug. Thaum cov yub tshwm sim pib ncav cuag qhov siab ntawm kaum centimeters, lub topsoil yuav tsum tau mulched. Ua li no, nteg tawm ib tug tsib-centimeter txheej ntawm humus. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog kom cov av tsis qhuav tawm, thiab humus khaws cov dej noo tom qab watering.
Irrigation ntawm gladioli yog nqa tawm ib zaug ib lub lim tiam. Ib square meter xav tau txog kaum litres dej. Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tau dej ntawm nplooj, yog li sim dej nyob rau hauv lub furrows ntawm kab. Tom qab txhua watering, cov av yuav tsum tau loosened tsib centimeters tob. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog kom lub crust tsis tsim nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm nws, uas yuav tsis cia oxygen thiab noo noo mus dhau. Ib xyoos ib zaug, koj yuav tsum tau xoob av, thiab tom qab txhua los nag. Yog hais tias lub caij ntuj sov yog kub tshwj xeeb, ces nws yog zoo dua rau dej ntau zaus mus txog ob zaug ib lub lim tiam. Txwv tsis pub, cov peduncles yuav wither thiab muaj kev pheej hmoo tias cov paj kawg yuav tsis tawg txhua.
Nyob ze qhov muag thaum buds pib tshwm ntawm xub, tej zaum koj yuav tau khi lawv rau pegs kom lawv tsis txhob tawg. Thaum lub sij hawm flowering, tag nrho cov wilted paj yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm tam sim ntawd. Txij li thaum lub gladiolus yuav siv ntau lub zog ntawm kev tsim cov noob hauv lawv qhov chaw. Thiab kev nthuav tawm ntawm gladioli los ntawm cov noob, cog thiab saib xyuas lawv tsis txaus siab rau cov neeg paub txog kev paub.
Dhau li ntawm qhov no, gladioliyuav tsum tau weeded. Peb lossis plaub zaug ib lub caij txaus. Weeds yog txaus ntshai thaum lub sij hawm germination. Muaj kev pheej hmoo tias lawv yuav deprive koj ntawm paj. Thiab kuj muaj coob tus nroj tsuag provokes cov tsos ntawm ntau yam kab mob thiab slugs nyob rau hauv lub txaj, uas yog heev txaus ntshai rau cov paj.
Nyob
Mineral chiv ntxiv ob peb zaug hauv ib lub caij. Thawj zaug siv nitrogenous chiv. Qhov no yuav tsum tau ua thaum ob peb nplooj tiag tiag tau tshwm sim ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas. Nees nkaum tsib grams urea lossis ammonium sulfate tuaj yeem ntxiv rau ib square meter, thiab peb caug-tsib grams ntawm ammonium nitrate kuj siv tau. Yog tias cov nroj tsuag tsis muaj nitrogen txaus, nws cov nplooj yuav pib qhuav thiab tig daj, tab sis yog tias muaj ntau dhau, cov nplooj yuav loj hlob, uas yuav ua rau cov paj qeeb qeeb.
thib ob hnav khaub ncaws sab saum toj yog nitrogen-phosphorus. Nws yog tsim nyog nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm rau nplooj. Lub sijhawm no, rau ib square meter, koj yuav tsum noj kaum tsib grams ntawm superphosphate, kaum grams ammonium sulfate, nees nkaum grams ntawm poov tshuaj sulfate. Thiab qhov thib peb sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws yog nqa tawm ua ntej lub sij hawm ntawm lub paj tsim, nws yog poov tshuaj-phosphorus. Koj yuav tsum tau ntxiv nees nkaum grams ntawm poov tshuaj chloride thiab peb caug grams ntawm superphosphate, tag nrho cov no ib square meter ntawm txaj.
Cov chiv chiv kuj yuav tsum tau siv, tab sis tsis zoo li cov chiv chiv, uas tau ntxiv qhuav, lawv siv ua kua. Koj tuaj yeem siv kev daws cov noog poob. Rau kaum hnub, peb lub thoob ntawm quav quav yog infused rau tsibthoob dej. Tom qab ntawd, rau kaum liv dej, koj yuav xav tau ib liter ntawm resulting fertilizer. Ncuav nws mus rau hauv lub aisles. Tom qab ntawd, loosening thiab weeding yuav tsum tau nqa tawm. Cov chiv zoo li no tuaj yeem siv rau hauv peb lub lis piam. Tab sis nco ntsoov tias tom qab lub kaum tsib lub yim hli ntuj, lawv cov kev siv yuav tsum tau txiav. Tsis txhob siv nees quav los pub gladioli.
Paj tsuas yog txiav los ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas muaj tsawg kawg yog plaub nplooj. Cov txheej txheem yog nqa tawm thaum sawv ntxov los yog yav tsaus ntuj. Nws siv riam ntse heev. Tus so ntawm lub peduncle yuav tsum muab zais kom zoo ntawm nplooj.
Dig up corms ib nrab lub Cuaj Hli. Rau qhov tseeb, nws yog qhov zoo dua los suav peb caug-tsib hnub los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm flowering thiab nyab xeeb khawb. Cov qij thiab cov me nyuam mos yuav tsum tau muab sib cais zoo ntawm ib leeg thiab npog nrog cov nplais tuab. Khawb zoo dua hauv huab cua qhuav. Pib nrog cov hom ntxov tshaj plaws. Cov menyuam yaus zaum kawg yuav tsum khawb.
Nco ntsoov tias cov qij tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov chaw dub. Yog tias koj pom ib qho teeb meem zoo sib xws, sim sim tam sim ntawd khawb tag nrho cov qhov muag teev kom tsis txhob muaj lwm yam kab mob. Ua ntej khawb, stems tuaj yeem mowed tam sim ntawd, lossis koj tuaj yeem txiav lawv twb los ntawm qhov muag teev, tib yam siv rau cov hauv paus hniav. Txhua yam yog khaws cia rau hauv ib lub thawv cais. Cov menyuam yaus yuav tsum raug cais tawm ntawm cov tubers loj. Nco ntsoov tshem cov av thiab yaug cov qij hauv qab dej.
Cov qij tau muab tso rau hauv ib feem pua ntawm cov tshuaj "Fundazol" rau nees nkaum feeb thiab ntxuav dua hauv qabdej ntws, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxiv rau hauv peb feem pua kev daws ntawm manganese thiab tom qab ntawd qhuav rau peb hnub. Qhov muag teev yog khaws cia rau hauv lub thawv, hauv qab ntawm cov ntawv yog them nrog ntawv. Thawj ob lub lis piam lawv tau khaws cia ntawm qhov kub ntawm peb caug degrees, thiab tom qab ntawd tuaj yeem txo mus rau nees nkaum ob. Tom qab ib hlis, koj tuaj yeem pib txheeb.
Cia
Corms yuav tsum muab khaws cia rau hauv ib puag ncig uas lawv yuav tsis tawg ntxov ntxov. Cov huab cua kub hauv chav yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj kaum degrees. Rau kev khaws cia zoo dua, ob peb cloves ntawm qej yog muab tso rau hauv txhua lub thawv ntawm dos. Ua tsis tu ncua kev tshuaj xyuas, thaum lub sij hawm uas tshem tawm cov tubers lwj thiab hloov cov qej. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los khaws gladioli hauv cov thawv mesh thiab hauv lub cellar qhov twg muaj qhov cua. Cov tub rau khoom yuav tsum tsis txhob muab tso rau hauv pem teb, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv txee. Thiab kuj yog ib qho yooj yim cia txoj kev - dimensionless tights.
Yog tias koj koom nrog cog gladioli thiab saib xyuas hauv tsev, tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem khaws qhov muag teev hauv lub tub yees nrog qhuav khov rau ntawm lub txee qis tshaj plaws hauv cov thawv tshwj xeeb. Nyob ze rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav, qhov muag teev tau muab qhwv rau hauv daim ntawv thiab muab tso rau hauv lub tub yees, tab sis nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw txias dua. Cog gladioli nyob rau hauv pots thiab tu rau lawv tsis muaj tshwj xeeb nta. Qee qhov teeb meem, lawv txawm yooj yim dua me ntsis hauv thaj chaw qhib.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm gladioli tau piav qhia saum toj no. Cov duab, tsaws thiab kev saib xyuas - tag nrho cov no tau nthuav tawm hauv tsab xov xwm. Nws yog hais txog kev khaws cia thiab khawb cov cai. Yog tias koj ua raws li tag nrho cov lus pom zoo no, ces koj tuaj yeem loj hlob paj zoo nkauj ntawm koj qhov chaw.thiab noj qab nyob zoo paj.
