Tsis ntev los no, cov plag tsev rhuab yog nrov heev. Qhov no yog lub sijhawm zoo los muab kev nplij siab tshaj plaws hauv tsev. Nrog rau qhov system no, koj tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov kub thiab txias hauv chav tsev thiab xyuas kom muaj kev pom zoo microclimate. Txhawm rau kom sov hauv pem teb kom zoo, koj yuav tsum ua raws li cov txheej txheem installation. Ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb yog kev teeb tsa ntawm cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv sab saud. Dab tsi yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj los sau cov dej sov hauv pem teb? Xav txog hauv kab lus.
Options
Yuav ua li cas daws cov dej sov hauv pem teb? Txog niaj hnub no, muaj ntau txoj kev xaiv filling. Nov yog:
- pob zeb screed.
- Semi-dry screed.
- Self-leveling pem teb.
Hom twg yog qhov cuam tshuam tshaj plaws? Xav txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm txhua qhov kev pab cuam.
pob zeb screed
Nov yog qhov classic version ntawm pem teb sau. Raws li rau tus nqi ntawm tus kheej-leveling pem teb ib square meter, tus nqi yuav yog300-700 rubles. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias cov txheej zoo li no yuav raug cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias sib txawv. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav tsum muaj zog li sai tau. Qhov no parameter nyob ntawm tus muab tub lim. Kev tshuaj ntsuam yog siv los ntawm cov xuab zeb. Qhov tshwm sim yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws pob zeb mortar rau screed. Raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj, qhov kev sib xyaw no yuav tsum muaj:
- Cement M300.
- Sifting nrog ib feem ntawm 3 mus rau 5 millimeters.
- YPlasticizers.
Vim kev tshuaj ntsuam, koj tuaj yeem tau txais kev tuav ruaj khov thiab zoo uas tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog xuab zeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov muaj pes tsawg leeg tsis siv cov cement ntawm cov qib qis. Nws yuav tsis tsim lub zog tsim nyog thiab thaum rhuab, xws li ib qho chaw yuav npog nrog cov kab nrib pleb. Raws li rau plasticizers, lawv xav tau kom lub screed tsis crumble thaum lub sij hawm kub hloov. Los ntawm txoj kev, nrog kev siv cov yas yas, lub thickness ntawm cov cua sov hauv qab yuav raug txo los ntawm 5 mus rau 3 centimeters.
Cov tshuaj npaj li cas? Nws yog kneaded nyob rau hauv cov nram qab no proportions:
- 1 daim cement.
- 6 daim xa tawm.
- 350 milliliters ntawm plasticizer ib lub hnab ntawm cement.
- Dej (ntxiv kom txog thaum tau muab tshuaj txhuam kom zoo).
Yog tias qhov chaw loj (tshaj 40 square metres) raug nchuav, cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom ntxiv fiber ntau rau hauv cov khoom sib xyaw. Qhov kev tivthaiv no tso cai rau kev sib xyaw kom zoo dua faib rau saum npoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv muaj fiber ntau, koj tsis tuaj yeem nteg lub reinforcingdaim phiaj.
Puas yog nws tuaj yeem nchuav hauv pem teb sov nrog tus kheej-leveling pem teb? Cov kws tshaj lij muab cov lus teb zoo. Yog tias koj ua raws li tag nrho cov cai thiab cov lus pom zoo, koj yuav xaus nrog lub zog thiab ruaj khov screed. Peb kuj tseem yuav tau txais cov cua kub sib xws ntawm tag nrho saum npoo.
Disadvantages of concrete pavement
Tab sis ua ntej nchuav ib qho chaw sov nrog cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, koj yuav tsum paub qhov tsis zoo. Cov no suav nrog:
- qhov hnyav hauv pem teb.
- Nyob qhuav qhuav.
Yog li yog tias koj xav tau sau hauv pem teb hauv lub sijhawm luv, koj yuav tsum xav txog lwm yam kev xaiv.
Semi-dry screed
Nws yog dab tsi? Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm hom no yog cov dej me me. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, muaj pes tsawg leeg yuav tsum muaj fiber ntau, nrog rau cov khoom siv polymer. Lub khw muag ob qho tib si npaj txhij thiab cov khoom sib xyaw rau kev npaj tus kheej.
Dab tsi suav nrog:
- 1 ntu M400 cement.
- 3 ntu sifted coarse xuab zeb.
- 500 grams fiber ntau ib cubic meter ntawm mix.
Raws li dej, nws ntxiv me me. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tag nrho cov khoom sib xyaw tas li. Yuav ua li cas koj thiaj paub tias muaj dej txaus nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg? Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum sau cov tshuaj me me hauv koj txhais tes thiab nyem nws nyuaj. Nws yog tsis tsim nyog rau dej ntws los ntawm qhov sib tov tom qab compression. Qhov no txhais tau tias muaj ntau dhau lawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, koj tsis tuaj yeem siv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg uas crumbles thaum compressed. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias cov dej tsis txaus. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, xws li kev sib xyaw yuav tsum tuav nws cov duab zoo thaum compressed thiab tsis smear rau ntawm xib teg ntawm koj txhais tes.
Pros and cons of qhuavmixes
Qhov zoo ntawm qhov screed yog dab tsi? Ntawm cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb, nws tsim nyog sau cia qhov ceev ntawm ziab. Vim yog cov dej me me, cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke yuav siv sij hawm ntau dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txheej txheem no yog resistant rau qhov kub thiab txias. Lub zog yog siab, muaj suab tsis muaj shrinkage. Cov khoom tsis tawg.
Tab sis kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo. Yog li, cov khoom muaj tsawg plasticity. Yog li ntawd, thaum tsim kev daws teeb meem, koj yuav tsum tau siv zog ntau dua.
Tsis tas li, vim tsis muaj plasticity, cov txheej txheem compaction tsis tas li tau txais. Qee zaum voids tshwm nyob rau hauv lub thickness ntawm screed. Tsis tas li ntawd, tom qab ziab, xws li screed xav tau kev tiv thaiv ntxiv los ntawm ya raws.
Tus kheej-leveling compounds
Cov khoom sib xyaw no zoo ib yam hauv lawv cov yam ntxwv rau thawj zaug, cement-sand mix. Txawm li cas los xij, xws li kev sib xyaw muaj ntau qhov zoo. Yog li, tus kheej-leveling sib tov yog cov yas ntau dua. Thaum tso, koj tsis tas yuav ua tib zoo ntsuas. Qhov no muaj pes tsawg leeg kis tau zoo nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej qhov hnyav. Cov khoom dries sai dua.
Tseem nco ntsoov tias cov khoom sib xyaw no tau muab faib ua ob hom:
- Raws.
- Tiav.
Yuav ua li cas ncuav ib qho chaw sov? Thawj hom yog siv rau pouring underfloor cua sov. Qhov thib ob yog siv rau cov plag tsev zoo tib yam nrog ib txheej nyias. Ua ntej pouring ib tug sov so hauv pem teb, koj yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab ntawm kev xaiv ntawm ntxhib compositions. Muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm no. Lawv tuaj yeem yog cement raws lossis gypsum raws. Tab sis, raws li cov kws tshaj lij hais tias, ob hom yog qhov zoo rau cov cua sov hauv qab hauv tsev. Dab tsiRaws li rau tus nqi, tus nqi ntawm ib square meter yuav raug nqi 800 rubles.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tsis tsuas yog xaiv txoj cai ntawm screed, tab sis kuj yuav tsum paub yuav ua li cas sau nws. Qhov yuam kev me ntsis ua rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov txheej thiab cov tsos ntawm cov kab nrib pleb. Tom ntej no, peb yuav saib seb cov plag tsev sov li cas rau hauv ib lub tsev nrog cov khoom sib txawv.
Siv qhob screed
Ua ntej nchuav rau ntawm qhov chaw, ua haujlwm ntawm kev tso cov txheej txheem ntxiv thiab kev tiv thaiv dej yuav tsum ua kom tiav. Tsis tas li ntawd, ua ntej qhov kev ua haujlwm no, ib daim kab xev damper txuas ib ncig ntawm ib puag ncig ntawm chav tsev. Tom ntej no, koj tuaj yeem pib sau. Rau qhov haujlwm no, peb yuav tsum npaj:
- Qhia gypsum.
- Level.
- Rule.
- Trowel (construction spatula).
- Hlau profile rau rails.
Nyob rau theem tom ntej, raws li cov lus qhia, gypsum mortar yog kneaded. Nrog kev pab los ntawm ib tug trowel, muaj pes tsawg leeg yog nteg nyob rau hauv me me feem raws phab ntsa ntawm ib tug deb ntawm 20 centimeters. Cov lus qhia tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov kev daws teeb meem. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau theem lawv. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov beacons yuav tsum yog los ntawm 150 mus rau 180 centimeters. Txij li thaum lub gypsum dries sai sai, tsis tas yuav nteg tawm beacons hla tag nrho cov cheeb tsam ntawm chav tsev. Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo ua qhov no hauv ob peb kauj ruam.
Tom ntej npaj cov kev daws teeb meem. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, cov khoom xyaw qhuav, ib lub plasticizer yog tov rau hauv qhov xav tau kev faib ua feem thiab dej ntxiv. Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb: ua ntej pouring ib qho chaw sov hauv qab ntawm lub pobzeb, koj yuav tsum ua kom tiav ib lub siab ntawm cov kav dej. Tus nqi no yuav tsum yog 0.3 MPa. Lwm yamtxwv tsis pub filling. Thaum lub siab nyob rau hauv cov kav dej sib raug rau cov qauv, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los ncuav cov tshuaj ntawm cov kev taw qhia thiab, siv txoj cai, faib nws kom zoo zoo rau saum npoo. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob nqis los ntawm cov kav dej. Cov txheej txheem filling yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los faib chav rau hauv ob peb ntu. Yog tias thaj tsam ntau dua 40 square meters, yuav tsum tau muab ib daim kab xev damper rau ntawm cov seem. Lub thickness ntawm daim kab xev yuav tsum yog los ntawm 5 mus rau 10 millimeters. Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom siv daim kab xev intercontour nrog T-shaped profile. Nws qhov ntev yog tus qauv: tuab - 1 cm, qhov siab thiab dav - 10 centimeters. Xws li tapes yog tsim nyob rau hauv ntev ntawm 2 meters. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov screed los ntawm tawg thaum lub sij hawm thermal expansion, expansion pob qij txha yuav tsum tau muab. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm cov yeeb nkab seams, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los kaw lub corrugation.
Thaum lub hauv pem teb puv, lub screed yog them nrog polyethylene rau saum. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau tos kom txog thaum muaj pes tsawg leeg dries. Tom qab 24 teev, tshem tawm cov beacons. Lub recesses yog kaw nrog mortar. Tom qab ntawd qhov saum npoo yog rov npog nrog ib zaj duab xis. Periodically nws raug pom zoo kom ntub hauv pem teb nrog dej. Qhov no yuav tiv thaiv cov kab nrib pleb los ntawm qhov tshwm sim. Thaum cov av noo poob mus rau 5 feem pua thiab cov screed muaj lub zog xav tau, lub tsho sab saum toj yog nteg.
Siv ib nrab qhuav screed
Kev tso ntawm qhov screed no kuj tau ua tom qab kev teeb tsa ntawm lub tsev sov. Raws li ib puag ncig, tag nrho cov kav dej yog ruaj ruaj, ib daim kab xev damper yog glued (zoo ib yam li hauv rooj plaub dhau los). Hauv kev ua haujlwm, yuav tsum muaj cov hauv qab no:
- Level.
- Sand and cement.
- T-beacons.
- Rule.
- Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsa phooj ywg sawv daws.
- Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg.
- Muaj peev xwm sib tov sib xyaw.
Txoj haujlwm tso nws tus kheej yog xyaum zoo ib yam li yav dhau los. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau saum npoo ntawm pem teb koj yuav tsum tau teem lub beacons thiab ua kom lawv horizontally. Tom qab ntawd, kev daws teeb meem nrog qhov xav tau sib xws yog npaj. Lub siab ntawm 0.3 MPa yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov kav dej thiab cov sib tov yog faib ntawm cov kev taw qhia. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los tswj cov thickness ntawm cov khoom txheej saum cov kav dej. Qhov kev ntsuas no yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg dua 3 centimeters. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, qhov sib tov yog ua tib zoo leveled thiab haum kom nruj raws li qhov ua tau. Nws tshwm sim tias notches yog tsim nyob rau hauv txoj cai. Txhawm rau tshem tawm lawv, koj yuav tsum tau ntxiv qee qhov ntawm cov tshuaj khib thiab theem saum npoo dua.
Tom qab tso nws tsim nyog tos 30 feeb kom txog thaum screed dries me ntsis. Tom ntej no, mus rau grouting. Lub trowel tso cai rau koj tsis tsuas yog mus rau theem hauv pem teb, tab sis kuj yuav compact lub screed.
Paj siab
Txog thaum cov khoom qhuav tag, nws txwv tsis pub qhib cua sov. Thawj hnub tom qab pib lub tshuab cua sov, qhov kub ntawm cov kav dej yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 25 degrees Celsius. Tom qab ntawd tus parameter tuaj yeem nce los ntawm tsib degrees. Thiab yog li ntawd rau ob peb hnub ua ke (kom txog rau thaum lub cua sov system nkag mus rau nws cov kev khiav hauj lwm hom). Nov yog txoj cai yuav tsum tau ua.
Tus kheej-leveling compound
Ua ntej nchuav hluav taws xob hauv pem teb cua sov li nomuaj pes tsawg leeg, koj yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo kho tag nrho cov cua sov ntsiab, thiab tshem tawm txhua yam superfluous los ntawm qhov chaw. Yog tias nws yog dej hauv pem teb, lub siab yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov kav dej. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub installation ntawm kev taw qhia yog tsis nqa tawm. Tom ntej no, sib tov yog npaj thiab tov nrog ib tug tov khoom (koj tuaj yeem siv lub laum nrog lub nozzle). Cov tshuaj yuav tsum npog cov cua sov nrog ib txheej txheej tsawg kawg yog 3 centimeters tuab. Txhawm rau faib cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm tus kheej kom zoo, nws raug nquahu kom siv spatula dav.
Yuav ua li cas ntxiv?
Tom qab ntawd, nrog kev pab los ntawm cov menyuam tshwj xeeb, cov txheej ntim puv yog dov thiab tag nrho cov voids tau raug tshem tawm. Yog tias huab cua npuas tsim thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa, lawv tuaj yeem ua rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm screed. Tom qab leveling saum npoo, npog hauv pem teb nrog ib zaj duab xis thiab tos kom cov khoom kom qhuav tag. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub hnub ci ncaj qha, nrog rau txhua qhov cua tam sim no, yuav tsum raug cais tawm. Txwv tsis pub, cov khoom yuav qhuav tsis sib xws, ua rau deformation.
Zoo kawg
Yog li, peb pom tias yuav ua li cas thiab nrog dab tsi hauv pem teb sov yog nchuav. Raws li koj tau pom, tsuas muaj ob peb txoj kev xaiv. Muaj coob tus neeg siv lub semi-qhuav screed, raws li nws yuav siv sij hawm tsawg lub sij hawm los sau thiab ib tug ncaj khoom tsim tau. Tab sis yog tias koj xav txuag nyiaj, koj tuaj yeem siv lub pob zeb ua tus kheej-leveling pem teb. Tus nqi ntawm tus kheej-leveling pem teb ib square meter yog los ntawm 300 mus rau 700 rubles. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qhov tsis zoo - koj yuav tsum tau tos ntev kom txog thaum nws qhuav tag.
