theem kawg hauv lub koom haum ntawm kev thauj khoom hluav taws xob yog kev teeb tsa ntawm kev faib khoom thiab hloov khoom siv. Lawv kuj tuaj yeem pom ntawm cov kab nruab nrab ntawm cov kab tseem ceeb, tab sis lub tswv yim ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm lub zog xa hluav taws xob yog qhov pom tseeb tshaj plaws nyob rau theem ntawm kev xa khoom ncaj qha ntawm cov khoom kawg. Cov khoom siv nkag nkag (ASU) xws li transformers, fuse keyboards, thiab lwm yam yog lub luag haujlwm rau txoj haujlwm no.
Lub tswv yim thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm ASP
Raws li lub npe qhia, ASP cov tshuab ua haujlwm ntawm kev tawm tswv yim thiab kev faib hluav taws xob ntawm cov chaw siv. Lub cev, ASP yog ib txheej txheej txheem txhais tau tias muab kev tswj fais fab, kev hloov pauv tam sim no, nws qhov ntsuas sib txawvparameters thiab accounting. Rau kev nkag siab ntau ntxiv ntawm ASU yog dab tsi, nws tsim nyog paub koj tus kheej nrog qee qhov kev hloov kho ntawm cov khoom siv thiab lawv lub hom phiaj. Yog li, ntawm theem pib, kev faib tawm hauv qab no yog siv:
- VRU-1. Input-distributing khoom nyob rau hauv ib tug ua tiav set, uas yog siv rau kev khiav hauj lwm sab nraum lub switchboard chav. Cov cuab yeej zoo li no tuaj yeem pom ntawm qhov tsaws lossis hauv qab daus.
- VRU-2. Kev tswj fais fab thiab cov khoom siv faib khoom tsim los siv hauv chav tswj. Lawv tuaj yeem siv los xyuas kom meej tias kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov chav neeg rau zaub mov thiab chav sib txuas lus.
- VRU-3. Cov khoom siv me me uas tuaj yeem yog ib feem ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag hluav taws xob hauv ib hom ntawv tsim nyog.
txhais tau tias siv ntau tshaj yog VRU-1 thiab VRU-3. Cov no yog cov khoom siv ncaj qha rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txais, accounting thiab faib lub zog hauv 220/380 V tes hauj lwm nrog zaus ntawm 50 Hz. Qee qhov kev hloov kho kuj tseem ua haujlwm tiv thaiv thaum muaj overloads thiab luv circuits.
ASU txoj haujlwm ua haujlwm
Cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm pib nrog kev txais hluav taws xob los ntawm lub network loj. Lub hwj chim cable muab cov khoom siv tam sim no mus rau qhov taw qhia automation raws li tus qauv tus nqi (rated tam sim no). Twb tau nyob rau theem no, cov txee thiab lwm yam ntsuas uas ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas tam sim no ntawm cov khoom siv tuaj yeem suav nrog hauv kev ua haujlwm. Ib zaug ntxiv, nws tsim nyog nco qab tias ASU yog dab tsi ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Qhov no yog ib qho nyuaj ntawm cov khoom siv sib txawv, qee zaum ua haujlwmua hauj lwm ntawm ib tug txawv kiag li spectrum. Nyob rau hauv parallel nrog kev ntsuas kev ua haujlwm, kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm tuaj yeem ua tau. Yog li, qhov pib hloov pauv raws li tag nrho tswj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab, thaum sib txawv ntawm cov qauv tsim nyog tau sau npe lossis muaj xwm txheej kub ntxhov, nws tig tawm lub tshuab. Technically, qhov hloov pauv yog siv los ntawm kev hloov riam los yog disconnector - phau ntawv lossis tsis siv neeg.
Tom ntej no, ib pab pawg neeg raug ntes nkag mus rau hauv kev ua haujlwm, muab kev sib txuas ntawm cov xov hlau hauv theem. Nyob rau theem no, qhov voltage tsis tas yuav tsum tau kho thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, lawv raug kho los ntawm transformers. Kev faib tawm yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv cov pab pawg ntawm cov xov hlau los ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob uas muaj qhov sib txawv lossis zoo sib xws. Cov kev ntsuas tam sim no ntawm txhua lub voj voog nyob ntawm qhov xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom uas nws ua. Txoj haujlwm ntawm kev sib cais tsis yog txiav txim siab los ntawm kev sib cais ntawm cov xov hlau raws li cov yam ntxwv tam sim no, tab sis los ntawm kev xav tau cais lub zog hauv lawv cov lus qhia rau txhua qhov chaw muab khoom. Distribution automation kom ntseeg tau tias load uniformity ntawm theem, kho qhov xav tau ntawm cov hluav taws xob tes hauj lwm, coj mus rau hauv tus account lawv qhov siab tshaj plaws load.
Kev sib sau ntawm ASU
Xyaum txhua yam khoom siv ntawm hom no yog tsim los ntawm ib lub vaj huam sib luag nyob rau hauv ib lub thawv hlau. Cov khoom siv hauv qab no thiab cov blocks ua haujlwm tau muab tso rau ntawm lub hauv paus no siv cov khoom txuas ua ntej thiab cov qauv:
- Circuit breakers.
- Meters accounting rau reactive thiab active zog.
- tam sim no transformers.
- Transformers.
- Test devices.
- Electromagnetic starters.
- ntsuas ntsuas (voltmeters, ammeters, multimeters, thiab lwm yam).
Cov khoom siv ntxiv yog nyob ntawm cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb ntawm lub cuab yeej. Piv txwv li, input-distribution devices with ATS (automatic transfer input) muaj ntau lub vaj huam sib luag nrog cov cuab yeej tswj rau kev pabcuam ib-txoj kev. Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm cov cuab yeej siv no yog lub peev xwm los txuas rau nws tus kheej txuas lub koom haum pab pawg nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis cuam tshuam (UPS) thaum muaj teeb meem ntawm lub hom phiaj khoom.
ASP yam ntxwv
Feem ntau ntawm cov khoom siv nkag-tshaj tawm yog taw qhia ua haujlwm hauv peb-theem thiab ib-theem tes hauj lwm nrog lub zog taw tes ntawm 100 txog 400 A thiab zaus ntawm 50-60 Hz. Raws li rau lub hwj chim, cov khoom siv nkag los ntawm 0.4 kV mus rau 1 kV sawv cev rau theem pib. Lawv tau siv los ua kev pabcuam teeb pom kev zoo hauv zej zog, cov cuab yeej siv hauv thaj chaw deb, thiab lwm yam. Txawm li cas los xij, txhawm rau muab cov neeg siv khoom loj, siv cov keyboards nrog ASUs, lub zog ntawm qhov tsawg kawg yog 10 kV, thiab qee zaum tshaj 25 kV. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev xaiv yuav siv rau hauv tus account xws li cov yam ntxwv xws li lub sijhawm sib txuas ntawm qhov chaw thaub qab (0.2-5 s), qib kev tiv thaiv (los ntawm IP00 mus rau IP31, nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov rooj) thiab hluav taws xob tiv thaiv (los ntawm 10 MΩ).
ASU tsev nyob
Kev pabcuam ntau lub tsev nyob hauv tsev, khoom siv rau peb-theem tes hauj lwm nrog kev sib txawvtam sim no, nyob rau hauv uas ib tug tuag-earthed nruab nrab yog muab. Ntawm cov dej num tseem ceeb hauv qhov no, ib tus tuaj yeem tawm qhov kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob ntawm txoj kab hauv cov xwm txheej luv luv, overloads thiab hluav taws xob thaum muaj xwm ceev. Dab tsi yog ASU rau lub tsev nyob hauv lub cev version? Qhov no yog lub txee hlau uas muaj cov av hauv av, hauv qhov ntsuas, ntsuas hluav taws xob, fuse blocks, teeb tsa thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev rau UPS cov tswv yim, thauj khoom xa tawm sensors, thiab lwm yam.
Kev nqis tes ua ntawm ASU ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom
Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, ntau lub vaj huam sib luag khoom siv, tsim los rau kev tswj hwm ntawm ntau lub zog hluav taws xob. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub hwj chim ntsuas thiab qib ntawm kev tiv thaiv nrog rwb thaiv tsev yog siab dua, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov kev lag luam me me los yog nyob rau hauv ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib lub rooj sib tham nrog ib tug kev khiav hauj lwm tej yam kev mob, lub tsev cov cav tov tej zaum yuav zoo siv. Tab sis dab tsi yog ASU tsim los rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov pej xeem thiab cov chaw lag luam loj? Tam sim no, cov txee ntawm ShchO-70 kab ntawm lub Hoobkas sib dhos tau dav siv. Hais txog kev tsim, cov no yog panels rau ib- thiab ob-txoj kev tswj, uas kuj muab rau ATS automation thiab keyboards tsim rau ntev ua hauj lwm zaug nyob rau hauv ib hom kev ywj pheej ntawm lub ntsiab hwj chim qhov chaw.
Installation of ASU
Kev txhim kho lub txee nrog ASU yog ua raws li cov qauv tsim,muab tso ua ke raws li kev ua haujlwm ntawm ib qho chaw siv. Ua ntej, mounting qhov yog drilled los kho cov brackets thiab screws nyob rau hauv lub hlau qauv. Raws li cov lus qhia, kev teeb tsa ntawm cov khoom xa tawm yog nqa tawm ntawm qhov siab tsawg kawg 30 cm, thiab dielectric insulating sib tshooj yuav tsum muab nruab nrab ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag tom qab thiab phab ntsa. Kuj tseem muaj cov qauv hauv pem teb, kev teeb tsa uas tau ua los ntawm lub hauv paus tshwj xeeb lossis lub platform, uas txuas nrog lub pob zeb ua vaj tse.
khoom siv sib txuas
Tom qab txhim kho lub tsev ntawm ASU, kev sib dhos thiab kev sib txuas ntawm kev ua haujlwm puv yog nqa tawm. Aluminium armored contour yog siv rau cable nkag. Nws yog txuas ncaj qha mus rau qhov hloov thiab tswj relay. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov xov hlau crimped tawm ntawm lub relay kom cais cov haujlwm ua haujlwm. VRU-1 cov tswv yim thiab cov khoom xa tawm muaj ob lub tswv yim thaiv uas tuaj yeem txuas nrog cov khoom siv sib txawv. Tab sis nruab nrab ntawm lawv yuav tsum muaj ib qho kev faib tawm insulating. Nyob rau theem kawg, cov xaim xaim thiab txuas txuas tau raug kho nrog cov nylon khi rau hauv qab ntawm daim ntaub thaiv.
Zoo kawg
ASP cov tshuab ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev teeb tsa hluav taws xob sib txuas. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cuab yeej siv no tuaj yeem suav tias yog kev tswj hwm thiab ntsuas, thiab ua ib qho kev tiv thaiv thiab tswj ib qho. Txawm tias 0.4 kV input faib khoom muab sijhawm txaus rau kev saib xyuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub network nteg, coj mus rau hauv tus accountntim ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ob qho tib si ntawm qhov kev tawm tswv yim thiab ntawm cov zis. Tab sis lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb tseem nyob hauv kev faib tawm lub cev ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thaum ua kom muaj kev ntseeg tau txaus thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb ASP qauv, tseem muab tso rau hauv kev txhim kho ergonomics ntawm kev tswj nrog kev nthuav dav ntawm kev siv tsis siv neeg.
