Kev nyob hauv koj lub tebchaws yog qhov npau suav ntawm yuav luag txhua tus neeg. Qhov no muaj tseeb tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg nyob hauv nroog. Cov ntaub ntawv twg hauv tsev tuaj yeem ua los ntawm? Cib, nthuav av nplaum thaiv, cav, ntoo thiab ntau lwm yam - cov khoom siv hauv tsev no raug xaiv rau kev tsim kho ntawm lawv tus kheej lub tsev. Log tsev yog ib qho ntawm cov neeg xav tau tshaj plaws hauv kev ua lag luam niaj hnub no. Qhov no yog vim kev siv thev naus laus zis yooj yim tshaj plaws, kev txuag nyiaj tseem ceeb hauv kev yuav khoom. Koj tuaj yeem tsim lub tsev zoo li no rau koj tus kheej, txawm tias tsis muaj kev koom tes ntawm cov kws tshaj lij. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm zoo thiab kev nplij siab, lub neej nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev cav yuav tsis inferior rau ib tug cib. Nws tsuas yog yuav tsum tau tsim kom zoo, tsim, ua tiav thiab insulated.
Beam Advantages
Qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm lub tsev log yog lub hauv paus rau nws tuaj yeem hnav: columnar, pawg, kab xev. Cov qauv tsis hnyav li, piv txwv li, cib, yog li nws tsis tsim nyog kom nkag mus tob rau hauv av.
Timbered lub tsev tsis tas yuav shrinkage mus ntev. Nws txaus rau nws nyob rau ib xyoos. Thiab nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm ntawm rwb thaiv tsev thiab kho kom zoo nkauj hauv nws. Qhov no tsis yoghais txog lub tsev cib uas "tso" tau 2-3 xyoos, thiab ua tsis tau ib yam haujlwm ntawm lawv.
Tsev thermal conductivity
Ntoo muaj ib qho tshwj xeeb - qhov pom kev sib piv ntawm nws lub peev xwm kub thiab thermal conductivity. Tib yam tsis tuaj yeem hais rau cib (loj dhau) lossis thav duab (me me dhau). Hauv ib qho piv txwv, nws zoo li qhov no. Txhua tus neeg, cov khoom siv hauv tsev, teeb pom kev zoo - txhua yam ua rau muaj cua sov. Kwv yees li ntawm 1.3 kW ntawm cov khib nyiab cua sov tau txais los ntawm cov peev txheej hauv ib hnub. Cov phab ntsa cib yuav nqus nws thiab cia nws tawm. Qhov chaw ua los ntawm aerated qhob yuav tsum tau ventilated. Thiab tsuas yog ib tsob ntoo xwb thiaj li muab faib rau hauv nws qhov chaw.
Lwm yam txiaj ntsig
Lub sijhawm khov lossis cua sov yuav tsis cuam tshuam rau cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab geometry ntawm tsob ntoo hauv txhua txoj kev, yog tias nws npaj tau zoo rau kev tsim kho. Muaj cov pores nyias heev hauv cov ntoo. Lawv tsis tso cai rau dej kom khov txawm tias qhov kub qis heev, uas tsis tuaj yeem hais txog lub tsev cib lossis aerated pob zeb. Yog tias 2-3 xyoos dhau los tsuas yog cua sov me ntsis, ces cov phab ntsa yuav ntub, thiab tom qab li 3-5 lub caij lawv yuav pib tawg. Lub tsev ntoo tsis tuaj yeem ua kom sov tau ntev, nws qhov zoo yuav tsis hloov. Tom qab lub cua sov pib, 2-4 teev yog txaus kom sov. Pob zeb yuav siv sij hawm ob peb hnub los ua qhov no. Tam sim no, koj tseem tuaj yeem pom cov cav cabins uas tsis nyob hauv ntau dua 50 xyoo. Lawv cov phab ntsa nyob hauv qhov zoo, tso cai rau koj txav mus rau tam sim tom qab kho kom zoo nkauj.
Projects of ntoo tsev
Muaj peev xwm ua tau ntau yam haujlwm ntawm cov tsev ntoo. Txhua tus tuaj yeem tsim lawv lub tsev. Nws yog txaus kom paub qhov tsim nyog tsis tau thiab siv tau ntawv thiab xaum los yog ib tug tshwj xeeb computer program. Yog tias tsis muaj kev txawj ntse hauv qhov no, koj tuaj yeem tiv tauj cov tuam txhab tshwj xeeb.
Yog thaj av uas npaj lub tsev me me, ces nws tsim nyog tsim lub tsev ob-zaj. Nyob rau hauv thawj pem teb, koj tuaj yeem tso chav ua noj, chav nyob, chav dej, chav tsev, thiab chav pw tuaj yeem nyob ntawm qhov thib ob. Yog tias qhov ntsuas ntawm lub ntiaj teb tso cai thiab tsis muaj lub siab xav nce tus ntaiv hauv lub tsev, ces lub tsev ib-zaj dab neeg yuav zoo heev. Yog xav tau, koj tuaj yeem npaj ib lub chaw nres tsheb hauv tib lub ru tsev nrog lub tsev thiab lwm qhov chaw muaj txiaj ntsig.
Thaum tsim lub tsev log, ib tug yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account lub sij hawm ntawm qhov chaw nyob nws yuav npaj rau: lub caij ntuj sov los yog xyoo puag ncig. Qhov yuav tsum tau muaj thickness ntawm cov nqaj xaiv rau phab ntsa nyob ntawm qhov no. Koj tuaj yeem tsim lub tsev Finnish uas yooj yim hauv architecture - ib-zaj dab neeg lossis ob-zaj tsev. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tshav kub yog zoo khaws cia vim huab cua ntau zog.
theem tsim tsev
Lub tsev cav (duab hauv qab no) tab tom ua ntau theem. Cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no tso cai rau ntau yam haujlwm ua nws tus kheej. Cov phab ntsa zoo kawg nkaus du, xov yog yooj yim dua. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xaiv cov ntoo zoo. Nws tuaj yeem ua tau nplaum, zoo tib yam, profiled. Glued - assembled los ntawmboards, hom ntoo uas pheej yig tshaj. Tsis tu ncua yog ib lub cav calibrated nrog ib tug square lossis rectangular cross section. Niaj hnub nimno thiab kim tshaj plaws yog cov nqaj profiled nrog polished nto uas tsis suav nrog kev nkag mus ntawm noo noo. Tom qab tsim ib qhov project hauv tsev thiab yuav tag nrho cov khoom tsim nyog hauv tsev, koj tuaj yeem mus rau thawj theem ntawm kev tsim kho - lub hauv paus.
Npaj thiab nchuav lub hauv paus
Kev tsim vaj tsev log, zoo li yuav luag txhua lub tsev vaj tsev, pib nrog lub hauv paus. Ua ntej, cov cim tau siv rau ntawm qhov chaw raws li txoj kev npaj tsim. Tom qab ntawd ib lub trench yog khawb nrog qhov tob ntawm tsawg kawg yog 60 cm, gravel thiab xuab zeb yog nchuav rau hauv qab ntawm lub qhov, txhua qhov mus rau qhov siab ntawm 10 cm. Rau kev nchuav, pob zeb ntawm qib tsis qis dua M400 yog qhov yuav tsum tau, uas yog sib xyaw hauv qee qhov sib piv nrog dej. Thaum pouring, yuav tsum tsis muaj cua npuas hauv qhov sib tov. Lub hauv paus tiav lawm (nyob ntawm huab cua) yuav qhuav li ib hlis. Tom qab ntawd, koj tuaj yeem mus rau theem tom ntej - kev tsim kho ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev thav duab.
khoom siv pem teb
Tom qab lub hauv paus tau qhuav lawm, txheej txheej thaiv dej tau muab tso rau ntawm nws, uas yog cov khoom siv vov tsev. Cov formwork raug tshem tawm. Tom qab ntawd thawj lub kaus mom thiab cov cav hauv pem teb tau pw. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias nyob rau theem no nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau nruab txhua yam sib npaug thiab tsau nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas tiv thaiv kev ya raws. Kev sib tshuam ntawm kev lag luam yog ua los ntawm "dovetail" txoj kev. Qhov no tso cai rau cov boards interlocking nyob rau hauv tib lub dav hlau. Rau qhov noqhov kawg ntawm ib kab teeb yog nruab nrog ib tug ntsia hlau loj, thiab qhov thib ob - nrog ib tug zawj ntawm tib qhov loj.
Ncej tau teeb tsa hauv qab cov cav hauv pem teb, tsis suav nrog lawv qhov deflection. Lawv lawv tus kheej tau muab tso rau ntawm ntug nrog ib kauj ruam ntawm 40-100 cm. Qhov ntau dua qhov load rau hauv pem teb, qhov me dua qhov dav ntawm kauj ruam yuav tsum yog. Tom qab ntawd, cov laug cam ntawm subfloor yog khoom, on to top ntawm uas - ib tug xov txheej. Hauv pem teb yog npaj.
Tshuaj phab ntsa hauv tsev
Cov phab ntsa hauv tsev yog ua nrog cov ntoo ntoo. Lawv raug fastened nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev raws li tau piav saum toj no. Qhov tshwj xeeb yog profiled ntoo, uas twb tau npaj ua grooves. Txhua txhua 2-3 crowns, beam yog fastened nrog dowels. Cov phab ntsa sab hauv yog tsim tib lub sijhawm raws li cov txheej txheem sab nrauv. Ceiling beams txiav mus rau hauv lub xeem erected crown. Thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho ntawm ib lub tsev ntawm 2-3 plag tsev, interfloor ceilings txiav mus rau hauv lub crowns. Nyob rau theem no, yuav tsum qhib qhov rais thiab qhov rooj.
Roof
Nyob hauv kev tsim lub ru tsev, tib lub cav ntoo yog siv rau hauv kev tsim kho hauv pem teb. Lub truss system thiab lub ru tsev ib ntus tau ua rau ntawm nws ntawm ib qho kev nqes hav. Nws yuav sawv rau rau lub hlis kom txog thaum lub tsev me me. Tom qab ntawd, txheej txheej ntawm thermal rwb thaiv tsev thiab waterproofing yog nteg. Sab saum toj yog them nrog cov khoom tiav, uas yog xaiv los ntawm tus tswv tus kheej. Nws tuaj yeem yog cov pobzeb hlau, ondulin, corrugated board, slate.
Insulation Nyob
Cais, yuav tsum hais txog kev rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub tsev ntoo. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb yog tias koj tsis xav kom khov thaum lub caij txias. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv rwb thaiv tsev txo qiscov nqi cua sov hauv tsev. Nrog rau cov rwb thaiv tsev sab nraud, qhov chaw sab hauv yuav tsis txo qis.
Ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog rau kev rwb thaiv tsev, muaj: cov ntaub plaub ntxhia, nthuav polystyrene, cov khoom foamy. Ua li no, ib lub crate yog ntsia rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev, qhov twg cov nplooj ntawv ntawm rwb thaiv tsev yog pw. Cais, nws yuav tsum tau hais txog polystyrene ua npuas ncauj. Piv nrog rau lwm cov ntaub ntawv, nws yog pheej yig dua. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yog qhov hnyav, tsis hnyav rau tus qauv ntawm lub tsev.
Tiav
Tom qab ua tiav tag nrho cov txheej txheem saum toj no, kev sib txuas lus engineering raug coj mus rau hauv tsev, kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv thiab sab nrauv. Sab nrauv ntawm lub log tsev tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov khoom pheej yig los yog cov khoom kim dua. Los ntawm txoj kev, kev zoo nkauj ntawm tsob ntoo nws tus kheej tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua tiav. Koj tuaj yeem pleev xim nws nrog cov kev daws teeb meem tshwj xeeb.
