How to form a stem tree

Cov txheej txheem:

How to form a stem tree
How to form a stem tree

Video: How to form a stem tree

Video: How to form a stem tree
Video: How to Propagate Plants: 4 Methods to Master 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Cov ntawv pov npav feem ntau yog siv rau hauv lub vaj tsis tu ncua, ua kom zoo nkauj thiab ntxim nyiam sib xyaw. Tab sis qhov no mus kom ze rau kev tsim cov toj roob hauv pes tsim cov ntsiab lus tsis yog tsuas yog ib qho kev qhia ntawm tus dai kom zoo nkauj txoj kev xav. Shrubs thiab ntoo, uas nws lub kaus mom muaj cov qauv zoo, tsim kom muaj zog, tau txais ntau lub teeb thiab muaj qhov cua zoo dua. Cov nplooj ntoo thiab cov ceg ntoo tsim cov duab kheej kheej, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua los ntawm qhov pom ntawm qhov pom kev zoo nkauj thiab yoog rau pawg cog.

Tau txaus siab rau cov txiaj ntsig thiab qhov pom ntawm lub vaj zoo li no, ntau tus neeg ua teb xav paub yuav ua li cas ua tsob ntoo txheem. Qhov no puas ua tau hauv koj lub vaj lossis vaj? Tau kawg, kev kho kom zoo nkauj koj tus kheej nrog cov chaw ntsuab no tsis yog qhov nyuaj rau cov neeg nyob hauv lub caij ntuj sov, tab sis cov neeg pib tshiab yuav tsum tau kawm paub meej txog cov lus zais ntawm kev tsim cov qauv qauv.

bole yog dab tsi?

tsob ntoo clearstem
tsob ntoo clearstem

Lub cev hu ua ib feem ntawm lub cev ntawm cov ntoo ntoo, uas khiav ntawm av mus rau cov ceg. Raws li, daim ntawv qauv tuaj yeem siv rau txhua tsob ntoo thiab tsob ntoo. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov siab ntawm qhov no txawv ntawm ob peb centimeters mus rau ob peb meters - qhov ntev nyob ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb.

Daim ntawv thovStandard forms

Los ntawm qhov pom kev zoo nkauj, cov ntoo txheem thiab cov nroj tsuag tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom sib txawv. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov chaw ua si thiab chaw ua koob tsheej, ib qho kev cog qoob loo ntawm paj ntau yam yog nrov. Tsis tshua muaj ntau yog pawg cog qoob loo nrog cov chaw hauv cov chaw ua si. Hawthorn, aronia, almonds thiab lwm hom yog haum rau alleys. Cov ntaub ntawv quaj yog siv ze ntawm cov kwj dej thiab cov pas dej. Lawv kuj tuaj yeem siv rau ntawm tus kheej zaj dab neeg, ntawm qhov chaw ua si hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub tsev pheeb suab qub. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntoo nrog boles zoo kawg nkaus hauv paj txaj thiab lub vaj pob zeb.

Yuav ua li cas cov ntoo twg?

yuav ua li cas stems
yuav ua li cas stems

Cov ntsiab cai ntawm kev tsim cov nroj tsuag tuaj yeem siv rau ntau cov nroj tsuag thiab ntoo, tab sis muaj ntau yam uas zoo sib xws hauv daim ntawv no. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cov ntoo zoo li no tsis yog ib txwm cog rau sab nraum zoov - piv txwv li, fuchsia (tus qauv ntoo) yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev loj hlob hauv tsev. Qhov no yog qhov kev xaiv zoo rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj me me vaj. Weeping ntoo kuj zoo heev kov, xws li willow, ntxhib elm, ib zaug-tso tshauv, quaj roob tshauv, thiab lwm yam. Ib lub kaus qis qis thiab tsob ntoo cherry yuav txaus siab rau tus tswv nrog lawv cov tsos, muab nws nrog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qab. Tau kawg, cov neeg tsim qauv ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws thaum lub sijhawm paj tawg. Raws li txoj cai, cov no yog lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav, thaum lub paj ntsuab ntawm lub crown yog diluted nrog cov paj zoo nkauj ntawm cov ntxoov ntxoo sib txawv.

Original foliage

Vim tias lub kaus mom nyob hauv cov ntoo thiab cov ntooplays lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom pib npaj seb cov ceg ntoo thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov nplooj yuav tsum yog. Ib qho piv txwv nrog nplooj loj thiab sparse ceg yog tsob ntoo hibiscus qia, uas nws tus kheej tsis kam tso cov nplooj nplooj. Koj yuav tsum tau npaj rau "tus cwj pwm". Thiab ntawm qhov tod tes, cov ntshav-tawm viburnum vesicle thiab willow-leaved pear yuav ua rau pom cov nplooj ntoo txawv txawv hauv lawv cov qauv qub. Nyob rau hauv kab no, koj muaj peev xwm muab ib tug daj acacia, uas, ntawm lwm yam, yuav ntxiv ib tug yam ntxwv aroma rau huab cua ntawm lub vaj. Exotic lovers yuav tsum pom zoo Lorberg's Caragana ntau yam. Cov nroj tsuag no txawv ntawm cov nplooj nyias nyias thiab cov ceg ntoo qhib zoo nkauj.

txiv ntoo
txiv ntoo

Txoj kev tsim daim ntawv qauv

Thaum yuav ib tsob ntoo txheem, koj yuav tsum paub meej tias nws tau yug los. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, qhov no yuav pab tau xaiv txoj hauv kev zoo rau kev tu thiab tu cov nroj tsuag. Raws li txoj cai, ob txoj kev yog siv: pruning los yog grafting. Ntoo tau los ntawm pruning yog zoo li tus raws li lawv tus kheej xav tau kev pab. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog txhua tsob ntoo lossis tsob ntoo tau txais los ntawm txoj kev no yog tsim los tsim ib lub pob.

Qhov tseeb yog qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm lub raum sab sauv pab txhawb txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev tawg ntawm kev tua. Ntawm qhov tod tes, piv txwv li, lilac muaj paj saum toj kawg nkaus buds, yog li pruning yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas thiab xaiv kom nws muaj peev xwm tawg paj. Xws li tus qauv ntoo yuav xav tau pruning tas mus li - qhov no yog tib txoj hauv kev los tswj nws.form.

Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob

Cov nroj tsuag tau txais los ntawm txoj kev no muaj ob qhov tseem ceeb: scion thiab rootstock. Cov Tshuag yog tsim los ntawm tib lub cev thiab cov hauv paus hniav, thiab ob lub raum los yog txiav yog grafted. Nrog kev pab los ntawm grafting, koj muaj peev xwm tsim ib tug mini-ntoo los ntawm ib tug shrub. Lub kaus mom lub kaus mom, tsis loj hlob thiab ntau yam creeping ntawm lub cev zoo li zoo nkauj dua li lawv daim ntawv qub.

Hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas grafted seedlings, qhov chaw grafting yog pom. Feem ntau nws yog nyob rau ntawm qhov pib ntawm branching ntawm lub crown. Cov kab ntawm cov txheej txheem ua tau tseem nyob ntawm no - qhov seem ntawm putties, paraffin lossis wrapping zaj duab xis, uas yog siv rau kev cog qoob loo. Nyob rau hauv qis qis, tus qauv ntoo muaj cov cag ntoo ua rau cov hauv paus hniav. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev loj hlob tsob ntoo, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub meej tias cov tua (hu ua wilds) tsis tshwm sim los ntawm cov hauv paus hniav - lawv yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm tam sim ntawd. Yog hais tias qhov kev loj hlob tshiab mus ncaj qha mus rau hauv paus system, ces koj yuav tsum tau mus rau qhov chaw ntawm tsim thiab txiav tawm tua twb muaj. Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb, txij li thaum tshem tawm cov qus qus nyob rau hauv pem teb yuav tsis tso tseg txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tua, tab sis, ntawm qhov tsis tooj, yuav ua rau kom muaj ntau cov tsos ntawm tua tshiab.

Yuav ua li cas xaiv ib tsob ntoo rau lub cev?

yuav ua li cas thiaj tsim tau ib tsob ntoo
yuav ua li cas thiaj tsim tau ib tsob ntoo

Yog tias koj yuav cov yub grafted, qhov chaw no yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas. Nws yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj qhov chaw qhuav thiab constrictions tsim nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm ib tug hlau los yog zaj duab xis. Lub cev yuav tsum tau pib ncaj, txij li yav tom ntej nws yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua kom muab nws txoj hauv kev ntsug. Koj yuav tsum nug tam sim ntawdLub caij ntuj no hardiness ntawm tsob ntoo ntoo, txij li thaum tsim vaj tse nyob rau hauv Frost tsis yog ib txoj hauj lwm yooj yim. Tsis txhob hnov qab tias tus qauv ntoo muaj lub cev liab qab, uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas kom tsim nyog rau cov tawv ntoo. Qee lub sij hawm cov nroj tsuag yuav hauv ntim tsis tau cog rau ntawm qhov chaw, tab sis lawv tau muab tso rau hauv lawv ntawm cov ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb, kho kom zoo nkauj, piv txwv li, lub ntsiab nkag. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub thawv uas cov yub tau yuav.

Kev saib xyuas thiab tsim cov stems

Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev loj hlob ib tug yub, nws yog tsim nyog los saib xyuas txoj kev loj hlob ntawm nws lub cev. Nws yuav tsum yog ntsug, tsis muaj kev tsim khoov thiab rings. Yog hais tias lub cev deviates los ntawm txoj kab ntsug, nws yuav tsum tau khi rau ib tug peg. Ib qho ntawm cov haujlwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas tus neeg ua teb uas txiav txim siab cog ntoo txheem nrog nws tus kheej txhais tes yuav tsum ua yog tshem tawm cov tua. Lawv yuav tsum tau pinched ib xyoos tom qab daim ntawv thib peb.

Tom qab 3-4 xyoos, ib lub pob ntawm qhov siab txog ob metres loj hlob los ntawm cov noob. Los ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas seedlings, boles tshwm nyob rau hauv ib xyoos. Nws raug nquahu kom txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tom qab nruab nrab Lub Plaub Hlis. Rau cov txheej txheem no, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau siv cuttings nrog raum (qhov zoo tshaj tus naj npawb yog 3-4). Txog ib hlis tom qab, buds tshwm ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj. Kev nkag siab txog yuav ua li cas loj hlob ib tsob ntoo qia yog loj raws li kev tswj kev loj hlob ntawm buds thiab ceg. Los ntawm lub sijhawm pib ntawm lub caij nplooj zeeg, txhua xyoo kev loj hlob yog tsim ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Yuav kom nce branching tom ntej no caij nplooj ntoos hlav, nws yog pom zoo kom txiav tawm ob peb buds los ntawm lawv. Kev saib xyuas ntxiv yuav tsum zoo ib yam li kev saib xyuas ntawm cov noob zoo tib yam.

Stampsthiab mulching

ua-nws-koj tus kheej stem ntoo
ua-nws-koj tus kheej stem ntoo

Rau cov neeg loj hlob stems ua cov khoom siv kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm qhov chaw, nws tsim nyog ua nws ntawm cov nyom, qhov chaw uas cov nroj tsuag saib zoo tshaj plaws, ua kom pom tag nrho lawv qhov zoo. Nws yog ib advisable mus qhib lub ze-stem voj voog los ntawm cov nyom thiab siv mulching. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yog assumed tias cov av saum npoo yog them nrog tej ntaub ntawv, zaj duab xis los yog daim ntawv haum. Hauv particular, cov ntoo txiv hmab txiv ntoo tuaj yeem ua ke nrog mulching raws li peat, ntoo chips, thiab pebbles nrog xuab zeb kuj siv tau. Lub thickness ntawm mulch txheej yog 10-12 cm. Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov, lub txheej no pab kom sov cov av, thiab nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no nws tiv thaiv los ntawm khov. Mulch tseem khaws thiab khaws cov dej noo hauv cov av txheej thiab tiv thaiv cov nroj tsuag los ntawm cov nroj tsuag.

qia ntoo thiab shrubs
qia ntoo thiab shrubs

Lub vaj nrog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tshwj xeeb. Nyob rau hauv cov kab nrib pleb ntawm cov tawv ntoo tuag, kab tsuag feem ntau sib ntxiv, vim tias mosses thiab lichens tsim nyob rau saum npoo ntawm bole. Thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg caij nplooj zeeg, ua ntej pib cog cov av los ntawm qia thiab lub hauv paus ntawm ceg, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los ntxuav tawm cov tawv ntoo tawg. Ua li no, koj tuaj yeem siv hlau scrapers thiab txhuam. Tab sis thaum ua qhov haujlwm no, kev puas tsuaj rau thaj chaw noj qab haus huv ntawm lub cortex yuav tsum tsis pub.

Kev ntxuav tsuas yog siv rau cov txiv ntoo ntawm cov txiv ntoo laus uas muaj tawv tawv. Cov nroj tsuag uas muaj ib tug du nto tsis pom zoo kom whiten. Sijhawm los ntawmThaum lub sij hawm, lub resulting tua yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm - qhov no yog vim tsis tsuas yog rau cov kev cai rau kev tswj daim ntawv nws tus kheej, tab sis kuj rau lub fact tias cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo txheem ntoo siv ntau cov as-ham rau "ntxiv" buds thiab loj hlob uas yuav mus. ncaj qha mus rau sab qaum teb.

Restoration of standard crown

yuav ua li cas cog tsob ntoo
yuav ua li cas cog tsob ntoo

Nws tshwm sim los ntawm kev saib xyuas tsis raug, tus qauv yas tuag. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov seem noj qab haus huv bole sprouts tshiab buds, los ntawm cov tua tshwm nrog tua. Uprooting xws li ntoo yog tsis tsim nyog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog hais tias lub hauv paus system yog feem ntau siv tau. Tig mus rau qhov ua tiav ntawm kev ua nrog cov noob, koj tuaj yeem teb cov lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas los tsim ib tsob ntoo txheem los ntawm overgrowth. Nws feem ntau siv sij hawm tsawg dua kom loj hlob tshaj li 2 xyoos.

Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, tsawg kawg yog ob peb tua ntawm lub cev. Raws li lawv loj hlob, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los taug qab qhov muaj zog tshaj plaws thiab siv tau zoo tshaj plaws - qhov tsis muaj zog yuav tsum raug txiav tawm ntawm lub hauv paus heev. Qhov chaw ntawm kev tshem tawm thiab hollows yuav tsum tau kho nrog cov sib txuas tshwj xeeb. Yog li ntawd, tsuas yog ib qho kev tsim kho feem ntau yuav tsum nyob twj ywm, los ntawm qhov uas yuav tsim lub crown tshiab. Tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias, txawm tias muaj kev loj hlob hnyav thiab sab nraud lub zog ntawm kev loj hlob, nws xav tau kev tiv thaiv zoo thiab khoom noj khoom haus. Yog li ntawd, thawj zaug ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm tua, lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob raug txiav tawm. Cov nplooj hauv paus yuav tsum tau pub rau hauv paus system. Los ntawm txoj kev, tej zaum gardeners tawm ob peb tua, tsim ib tug multi-stemmed ntoo crown. Muaj tseeb, daim ntawv bushy xav tau kev saib xyuas hnyav ntxiv txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau noj qab haus huv thiab zoo nkauj sab nraud.

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