Kev nthuav tawm ntawm cacti: tus tswv teb cov lus qhia

Cov txheej txheem:

Kev nthuav tawm ntawm cacti: tus tswv teb cov lus qhia
Kev nthuav tawm ntawm cacti: tus tswv teb cov lus qhia

Video: Kev nthuav tawm ntawm cacti: tus tswv teb cov lus qhia

Video: Kev nthuav tawm ntawm cacti: tus tswv teb cov lus qhia
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Anonim

Cacti yog ib tus neeg sawv cev zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lub ntiaj teb cog. Xwm tau muab nqi zog rau lawv nrog ntau yam kev qhia sab nraud, cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub neej, cov paj zoo nkauj thiab cov pos ntse.

nrawm heev lawv tau kov yeej lawv cov niche hauv tsev floriculture, thiab tam sim no koj tuaj yeem pom ntau hom kab txawv thiab tsis tshua muaj hauv khw muag khoom. Kev saib xyuas thiab kev yug me nyuam ntawm cacti yog ib qho kev lag luam nyuaj heev, yuav tsum tau saib xyuas thiab sijhawm. Thaum pib, koj yuav tsum kawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov lus qhia los ntawm cov kws paub txog cacti cog.

kev yug me nyuam cactus
kev yug me nyuam cactus

Muaj ob txoj hauv kev uas cacti tuaj yeem nthuav tawm - qhov no yog noob thiab vegetative. Qhov tsim nyog ntawm kev siv txhua yam ntawm lawv feem ntau nyob ntawm qhov kev paub ntawm tus neeg cog qoob loo, qhov ua tau, hom nroj tsuag. Kev cog qoob loo yog nrov tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv chav kab lis kev cai thiab muaj nyob rau hauv rooting txiav cuttings los yog cov me nyuam ntawm leej niam cog.

Kev nthuav tawm ntawm cacti los ntawm menyuam yaus

Ntau lub cacti, thaum lawv loj hlob, npog nrog ntau cov tua, tua, uas feem ntau hu ua "cov me nyuam". Lawv raug txo cov ntawv luam ntawm niam cov nroj tsuag thiab txuas nrog nws los ntawm tus choj nyias nyias, yog li lawv feem ntau crumble spontaneously. Raws li txoj cai, nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm xws li cov me nyuam twbmuaj lawv cov hauv paus hniav me me, nkag mus rau hauv substrate, lawv sai sai rooted.

Nyob rau hauv ib co cacti, cov tua zaum ruaj kom cais lawv, yuav tsum tau siv zog. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm lub sijhawm no yog tsis ua kom puas lub ntsiab cog. Tig tus menyuam raws txoj kab ntev mus txog thaum nws sib cais.

reproduction ntawm cacti los ntawm cov me nyuam
reproduction ntawm cacti los ntawm cov me nyuam

Muaj cacti uas muaj sab tua, tab sis lawv tsis yog menyuam mos. Los ntawm cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm, lawv tuaj yeem muab piv nrog cov ceg ntawm ib tsob ntoo. Kev cog qoob loo ntawm cacti ntawm hom no yog qhov nyuaj dua, cov txheej txheem sib cais yog qhov nyuaj, txij li kev sib tshuam nrog niam cov nroj tsuag muaj zog thiab dav dua. Yog li ntawd, nws ua rau kev xav txog seb koj puas xav tau daim ntawv thib ob ntawm tib yam. Txiav tawm ib sab tua, koj muaj feem cuam tshuam cov tsos ntawm cov nroj tsuag neeg laus. Yog li ntawd, xaiv cov ntsiab lus txuas uas feem ntau zais los ntawm saib.

YKev nthuav tawm ntawm cacti los ntawm kev txiav

Txoj kev cog qoob loo no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau cov kab mob epiphytic cacti uas tsim cov tua tsis ntev (daim duab hauv qab), nrog rau elongated thiab columnar hom. Hauv thawj kis, ib feem ntawm cov ceg raug txiav tawm nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas tsis muaj cov cim ntawm lignification, tab sis tsis nyob rau hauv qhov dav ntawm nplooj.

kev saib xyuas thiab kev yug me nyuam ntawm cacti
kev saib xyuas thiab kev yug me nyuam ntawm cacti

Kab thiab elongated cacti yog propagated los ntawm cuttings transversely 10-15 cm ntev. Ib yam li ntawd, koj tuaj yeem hloov kho cov xwm txheej qub,poob lawv cov hniav zoo nkauj los yog mutilated, tsim tsis raug. Nws yog txaus tsuas yog txiav tawm sab saum toj. Nws qhov ntev yuav tsum yog 2-3 npaug ntawm txoj kab uas hla ntawm qhov txiav.

Daim ntawv qub nrog rau sab saum toj tshem tawm yuav tsum tsis txhob muab pov tseg. Nrog nws, koj tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv kev tsim tawm ntawm cacti. Nws yog siv raws li ib tug niam cawv, uas tua yog tas li tsim. Piv txwv li, raws li hauv daim duab.

Rules of vegetative propagation

Txhua yam kev hloov pauv thaum cog qoob loo tsuas yog nqa nrog cov cuab yeej ntse (scalpel, rab chais, riam) thiab tshuaj tua kab mob. Ua ncaj txiav tsis muaj burrs. So cov cuab yeej tom qab txhua qhov kev tswj hwm nrog cawv. Cov qhov txhab tsim thaum lub sij hawm sib cais ntawm cov me nyuam, raws li txoj cai, yog heev me me thiab tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua, tab sis yog hais tias tus txiav yog loj, ces nws yog zoo dua rau sprinkle nws nrog activated (crushed) charcoal. Txhawm rau kom kev loj hlob ntawm cacti los ntawm cuttings kom ua tiav, grease lawv txiav nrog lub hauv paus tsim stimulator.

Txoj kev ywj pheej, piv txwv li, zoo li prickly pear, thiab cov menyuam mos tsis tas yuav ziab. Lawv tuaj yeem rooted hauv cov av npaj tam sim ntawd. Nrog txiav, qhov xwm txheej txawv.

propagate cacti los ntawm cuttings
propagate cacti los ntawm cuttings

Cov ntu dav dav yuav tsum tau qhuav rau ob mus rau peb hnub hauv qhov chaw sov, tawm ntawm tshav ntuj ncaj qha. Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum muab lawv tso rau hauv lub lauj kaub khoob lossis lub thawv yas. Nws yog ntshaw tias cuttings yog, raws li nws yog, nyob rau hauv limbo. Lub sijhawm tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntev heev, lub qhov txhab yuav tsum tau ncua sijhawm thiab npog nrog lub crust. Tsis txhob maj mus tsaws, tos kom txog thaumcov hauv paus hniav yuav tshwm sim.

Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau propagate cacti nrog cuttings thiab me nyuam mos ua ntej pib ntawm lub caij loj hlob los yog thaum nws kawg.

Cov menyuam muaj cov menyuam yaus thiab txiav

Yog tias cov menyuam mos thiab cov txiav me me, ces tsuas yog nruab rau ntawm lub substrate, txwv tsis pub siv lub garter rau kev txhawb nqa daig rau hauv av. Nws tuaj yeem yog ib lub cwj mem tsis tu ncua lossis ib tus pas. Xaiv lub substrate raws li hom cactus, yog tias lawv tsis xav tau ntau dhau, ces qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw tuaj yeem nce ntxiv rau kev loj hlob sai dua. Epiphytes hauv paus zoo hauv moist sphagnum.

Khaws cov substrate kom ntub dej tas li, tab sis tsis txhob dej nyab. Periodic txau ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog txais tos. Epiphytes thiab lwm yam cacti loj hlob sai tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv "cap", yog li tsim cov tsev cog khoom. Nco ntsoov tso qee qhov qhov cua.

Saib cov txiav thiab cov me nyuam loj hlob, xyuas kom cov pwm tsis tshwm rau hauv av, vim qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau cov nroj tsuag rot. Yog tias qhov no tshwm sim, kho qhov chaw nrog fungicides.

Txoj kev vegetative ntawm propagating cactus yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau cov pib paj growers. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov txiaj ntsig zoo yog qhov siab heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog cov tsiaj tsis muaj zog (echinopsis, mammillaria). Ib hlis tom qab, cov nroj tsuag pib nquag loj hlob, thiab nws yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tib yam li cov qauv neeg laus.

Common yuam kev

Cactus cog qoob loo rau kev txiav los ntawm bushy cacti feem ntau xaiv cov hluas dhau lawmtua, los yog laus dhau lawm. Thawj cov yog zoo nkauj dua, muaj kua, ci ntsuab nyob rau hauv cov xim, tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm heev mos thiab unripe. Lawv noj hauv paus zuj zus thiab feem ntau rot. Piv txwv li, nws tsis muaj txiaj ntsig rau cov hauv paus prickly pear ntu nrog cov nplooj rudimentary es tsis txhob pos, zoo li hauv daim duab.

propagating cacti hauv tsev
propagating cacti hauv tsev

Qhov kev xaiv thib ob yog cov qub tua, uas, yog li hais, tsis yog kev txaj muag ntxiv lawm. Lawv feem ntau twb ligified thiab tseem cag tsis zoo.

Tips

  • Ua txhua yam kev ua tib zoo ua tib zoo kom tsis txhob rhuav cov pos (lawv tsis loj hlob rov qab) thiab tsis txhob khawb lub cev ntawm cov cactus, vim qhov no tawm cov nti uas ua rau lub ntsej muag tsis zoo.
  • Cactus cuttings thiab me nyuam mos tuaj yeem khaws tau ntev heev, yog li lawv yooj yim thauj thiab xa tuaj.
  • Ntau tus epiphytic cacti ntawm cov tua muaj cov hauv paus hniav, uas nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej lawv nqus dej noo los ntawm huab cua, cling rau kev txhawb nqa. Xws li cuttings tuaj yeem yooj yim txuas mus rau lub substrate, thiab cov hauv paus hniav yuav nrawm nrawm rau hauv nws.
  • Rau kev vam meej, siv cov kev npaj tshwj xeeb uas ua kom cov hauv paus loj hlob.

Loj hlob los ntawm noob

kev yug me nyuam cactus
kev yug me nyuam cactus

Tsis yog txhua hom tuaj yeem nthuav tawm vegetatively. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov nroj tsuag loj hlob los ntawm cov menyuam yaus thiab kev txiav yuav tsis muaj zog thiab zoo meej rau txhua yam raws li tau txais los ntawm kev nthuav tawm ntawm cacti los ntawm cov noob. Cov qauv zoo li no tiv taus kab mob ntau dua.

Kev nthuav tawm cov noob ntawm cacti hauv tsev yuav tsum muaj kev txawj ntsethiab cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb. Los ntawm thiab loj, qhov no yog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kws tshaj lij. Technology yog complex thiab mob siab rau. Tej zaum tsuas yog cov cacti tsis zoo tshaj plaws tuaj yeem loj hlob los ntawm cov noob hauv tsev.

Siv cov nplua-grained substrate uas muaj peat thiab xuab zeb. Cov noob tsis tas yuav tsum tau muab faus, nthuav tawm rau saum npoo thiab npog lub thawv nrog iav lossis lub thawv los tsim cov tsev cog khoom. Lub sij hawm germination stretches los ntawm ob peb hnub mus rau 3-4 lub lis piam. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tswj tau qhov xav tau ntawm cov dej noo, tsis txhob ntub dej lossis ziab tawm.

Qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm kev nthuav tawm cov noob yog kev txhim kho ntawm cov kab mob thiab pwm, yog li siv cov cuab yeej decontaminated. Seedlings yuav tsum tau hloov ntau zaus, siv tweezers tsis tu ncua rau qhov no.

Qhia txog kev nthuav tawm noob

Cactus propagation method
Cactus propagation method
  • Lub sijhawm sowing zoo tshaj plaws yog lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav, pib lub caij loj hlob, tsuas yog ua li no cov noob yuav tuaj yeem loj hlob thiab muaj zog nyob rau lub caij ntuj no. Yog tias koj muaj tsev cog khoom tshwj xeeb, ces cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem ua tiav txhua xyoo puag ncig.
  • Khaws koj tus kheej cov noob cactus khaws cia rau hauv ib lub hnab nruj tab sis tsis txhob airtight hnab ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.
  • Tsis txhob random pollinate ntau hom cacti. Tus nqi zoo nkauj ntawm xws li hybrids yuav xyaum xoom.

Pom zoo: