Hnub no, ntau yam thev naus laus zis tsom mus rau kev tsim kho sai ntawm cov tsev thav duab yog lub hauv paus rau kev tsim cov tsev qis qis, nyob rau hauv uas yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev nplij siab ntxiv. Peb tab tom tham txog cov thev naus laus zis zoo li no, nrog rau cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim vaj tsev me me, thiab yuav tau tham hauv kab lus no.
Kev tsim kho thev naus laus zis
Kev lag luam kev tsim kho niaj hnub hauv tebchaws Russia siv ntau cov thev naus laus zis tshwj xeeb rau kev tsim cov tsev qis. Ntawm lawv yog:
- ntoo thiab hlau ncej vaj tsev tsim;
- ntau txheej txheej, hu ua "sandwich" vaj;
- lub tsev cib zoo tib yam;
- siv ua npuas ncauj los yog aerated qhob blocks;
- tsim cov qauv nrog cov qauv ruaj khov;
- pob zeb siv.
Siv cov thev naus laus zis tshiab thiab qib siab kawgcov ntaub ntawv hauv tsev, twb nyob rau theem pib ntawm kev tsim kho, qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev txuag hluav taws xob, lub zog thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom tiav tiav.
Vim qhov kev npaj ua ntej ntawm chav tsev yav tom ntej thiab ntau yam khoom siv ntxiv, nws muaj peev xwm ua tiav kev teeb tsa ntawm kev sib txuas lus nrog kev ua haujlwm ntau dua.
Canadian thev naus laus zis teeb tsa cov qauv ntsuas rau kev tsim qis qis
Ntau zaus, kev tsim cov tsev qis qis yog ua raws li Canadian thev naus laus zis. Lawv cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv kev siv tshwj xeeb SIP-panels. Ua tsaug rau cov khoom siv no, nws muaj peev xwm ua tiav qib qis ntawm tus nqi ntawm lub tsev tiav. Thiab qhov no ua tiav vim kev siv cov khoom siv tsawg.
SIP-panels muaj ntau qhov zoo dua piv rau cib lossis pob zeb. Yog li, piv txwv li, lub thermal rwb thaiv tsev ntawm xws li panels yog 8 lub sij hawm siab tshaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov pob zeb thiab cib ntsa. Yog li ntawd, txhawm rau kom sov chav nrog cov phab ntsa ua los ntawm SIP panels, yuav tsum muaj peev nyiaj tsawg dua.
Cib yog cov khoom siv rau hnub nyoog
Txawm hais tias cib yog cov khoom siv hauv tsev kim heev, qhov chaw thiab kev thov rau nws tsis txo qis. Thiab qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias lub tsev cib yog ib lub tsev rau ntau pua xyoo.
Ntxiv rau, koj tuaj yeem hais txog qhov zoo ntawm lub cib xws li:
- muaj peev xwm siv cov kev daws teeb meem sib txawv hauv kev tsim kho ntawm lub tsev qis qis, uas tso cai rau koj los tsim cov masterpieces tiag tiag ntawm architecture;
- vim tsuas yog cov av nplaum uas yog siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem cib, nws tuaj yeem raug hu ua cov khoom siv ib puag ncig;
- lub peev xwm ntawm lub cib kom "ua pa" lossis, hauv lwm lo lus, ua kom huab cua zoo kawg nkaus ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tsim kom muaj qhov chaw zoo rau kev nyob hauv chav;
- muaj suab nrov rwb thaiv tsev, tiv thaiv hluav taws thiab ntau yam tsis zoo ib puag ncig hauv daim ntawv los nag, nag xob nag cua, daus, thiab muaj peev xwm ua kom sov;
- kev phom sij ntawm ntau yam kab tsuag, fungus, pwm, microorganisms tsis txaus ntshai rau cib.
Aerated qhob - zoo nkauj thiab kev ntseeg siab
Kev tsim vaj tsev nyob qis qis niaj hnub ua rau kev siv cov pob zeb aerated lossis pob zeb dag. Ua tau raws li cov qauv niaj hnub thiab cov kev xav tau, cov khoom siv no tso cai rau koj los ua ke cov kev zoo nkauj ntawm lub tsev nrog cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev nyob zoo. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, aerated qhob tsev yog Frost-resistant, nrog zoo heev tshav kub thiab suab rwb thaiv tsev.
Ergonomics ntawm tsev tsev ua los ntawm cov khoom hais tuaj yeem txo cov nqi nyiaj txiag ntawm cov cua sov.
Qhov hnyav ntawm aerated qhob blocks yooj yim rau kev txhim kho cov qauv hauv tsev yam tsis tas siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb nqa hnyav ntxiv, thiab tseem tso cai rau koj lees txais txhua yam.foundation.
Kev tsim lub tsev qis qis los ntawm ntoo
Nrog rau kev siv cov ntoo zoo tib yam, tsis ntev los no ntau thiab ntau qhov kev nyiam yog muab rau cov ntoo ntoo. Nws qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb nyob hauv tus tsim nws tus kheej, uas muaj qhov tshwj xeeb grooves thiab spikes.
Ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov ntoo profiled, piv rau cov ntoo zoo tib yam, yog cov hauv qab no:
- ua tsaug rau cov thev naus laus zis ntau lawm, uas suav nrog kev siv lub phiaj xwm, tsawg kawg ib sab ntawm cov khoom no yuav muaj qhov tiaj tus thiab du;
- Zoo thiab tenon tsim minimizes qhov khoob.
Technology ntawm low-rise monolithic tsev
Raws li txoj cai, niaj hnub monolithic lub tsev muaj qhov tshwj xeeb ruaj ruaj formwork tsim. Ntawm qhov zoo ntawm qhov tsis lees paub ntawm cov tsev xws li:
- siab kub thiab suab rwb thaiv tsev;
- tsis tas yuav siv cov tshuab hnyav;
- muaj peev xwm siv txhua yam ntawm lub hauv paus, vim qhov hnyav ntawm tus qauv;
- durability (sim los ntawm ntau xyoo ntawm kev xyaum).
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm pob zeb hauv kev tsim lub tsev
Cov khoom siv pheej yig tshaj plaws hauv tsev tseem yog pob zeb. Muaj ntau yam xim palette ntawm pob zeb, hom, textures tso cai rau koj los tsim cov tswv yim zoo kawg thiab kev xav hauv kev tsim lub tsev. Nrog rau qhov,Cov khoom siv hauv tsev no muaj cov qib siab ntawm lub zog, kev ntseeg tau thiab kav ntev.
Ntxiv rau, ib tus tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm pob zeb nrog lwm cov khoom siv hauv tsev.
Kev tsim kho qis: cov phiaj xwm niaj hnub tsim
Kev lag luam tsim kev lag luam qis qis tau faib ua ntau txoj hauv kev.
1. Lub teb chaws tsev.
Ib lub teb chaws lub tsev yog ib yam khoom nyob rau hauv ib thaj av tshwj xeeb faib rau cov hom phiaj no nyob rau hauv ib tug array ntawm tej vaj. Ib qho tseem ceeb feature ntawm lub teb chaws lub tsev, uas distinguishes nws, piv txwv li, los ntawm ib lub tsev, yog lub hom phiaj, tsim rau lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm. Txhawm rau tsim kom muaj lub tsev nyob hauv lub tebchaws, tsis tas yuav muaj kev sib koom tes tshwj xeeb. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ntau qhov kev txwv yog txwv rau kev tsim lub tsev nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum ntawm txoj cai. Yog li ntawd, ua ntej yuav mus rau theem tam sim ntawm kev tsim kho, kev sib haum xeeb nrog txoj cai tam sim no yuav tsum tau ua.
2. Cov tsev nyob ib leeg.
Raws li txoj cai tswjfwm hauv nroog niaj hnub nyob rau hauv thaj chaw ntawm Lavxias Federation, ib tus neeg nyob hauv lub tsev yog ib lub tsev uas tsis muaj ntau tshaj peb plag tsev thiab tsim kom haum rau ib tsev neeg nkaus xwb. Xws li kev tsim kho qis yog nyob, raws li txoj cai, ntawm thaj chaw ntawm "cov av ntawm kev sib haum xeeb". Cov tsev no muaj peev xwm sau npe tau. Ua ntej tsim ib lub tsev nyob ib leeg, nws yuav tsum tau txais daim ntawv tso cai los ntawm Department of Architecture. Cov tuam txhab tsim kho niaj hnub feem ntau muajrau nws cov neeg siv khoom ib daim ntawv teev cov txheej txheem IZHS cov haujlwm, uas koj tuaj yeem paub koj tus kheej nrog, nrog rau kev xaiv, ncaj qha los ntawm tus tsim tawm.
3. Townhouse.
Townhouse yog ib lub tsev nyob qis qis nrog kev tsim kho ntau chav tsev. Txhua chav tsev muaj nws tus kheej nkag, cais los ntawm tus so. Kev zam rau kev tsim kho qis ntawm cov tsev hauv nroog tuaj rau peb los ntawm cov teb chaws Europe, qhov twg qhov kev lag luam no tau vam meej rau lub sijhawm ntev thiab ua tiav. Xws li qhov kev thov tseem ceeb rau cov vaj tsev zoo li no, uas tau tshwm sim tsis ntev los no, tsis yog qhov xwm txheej. Tseeb tiag, rau cov nyiaj sib npaug, hais tias, ib chav tsev ob chav, tus neeg yuav khoom tau txais yuav luag 2 npaug ntau qhov chaw nyob, thiab ntxiv rau qhov no, thaj av me me, kwv yees li 1-2 daim av. Tag nrho cov npe ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ua haujlwm rau kev tsim lub tsev hauv nroog zoo ib yam li IZHS.
4. Qhov project ntawm lub tsev nyob qis qis.
Cov tsev zoo li no zoo ib yam li cov tsev nyob hauv tsev, nrog rau qhov sib txawv ntawm cov plag tsev tsis tshaj plaub. Cov qauv tsim ntawm cov tsev zoo li no muaj rau xaiv los ntawm. Nws tuaj yeem yog lub tshuab monolithic lossis cib lossis thav duab.
Ua raws li kev tsim kho thev naus laus zis yog qhov lees paub tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo
Kev tsim cov tsev qis qis txhais tau hais tias yuav tsum ua raws li cov cai thiab cov qauv, uas yog hu ua SNIP. Kev tsim kho qis nyob rau hauv kev ua raws li cov txheej txheem ntawm cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm yuav ua rau kom tau txaisTsis yog tsuas yog lub tsev zoo nkauj xwb, tab sis kuj yog lub tsev cozy thiab nyab xeeb uas tuaj yeem muab kev nyob zoo tshaj plaws rau txhua tus neeg hauv tsev neeg.
Thiab hloov pauv thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem ua rau koj lub tsev ci ntsa iab, tus kheej thiab muaj zog.
