Ntau zaus txhua yam tsev nyob hauv Russia yog ua los ntawm cib. Cov khoom siv no, txawm hais tias nws kim heev, tso cai rau koj los tsim cov qauv zoo tshaj plaws thiab ruaj khov. Ntawm chav kawm, cov tsev cib yuav tsum tau ua kom nruj raws li tag nrho cov kev cai thiab kev cai. Tshwj xeeb, lub hauv paus muaj zog yuav tsum tau nchuav rau hauv lub tsev zoo li no. Qhov hnyav ntawm m3 brickwork yog loj heev thiab yuav txawv nyob ntawm seb hom pob zeb siv.
Vim li cas koj thiaj paub qhov hnyav
Ib yam ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev ntawm ntau yam no yog qhov loj loj. Cib hnyav hnyav heev. Yog li ntawd, lub masonry exerts loj heev loads ntawm lub hauv paus. Yuav kom xam qhov tob ntawm lub hauv paus thiab lub hwj chim ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub tsev, koj yuav tsum paub, nrog rau qhov hnyav ntawm lub brickwork. Qhov kev ntsuas no tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm kev suav lej yooj yim.
Yuav ua li cas cov cib tuaj yeem siv hauv kev tsim kho
Cov vaj tse nyob hauv tsev tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm cib:
- silicate;
- ceramic.
Cov khoom siv cladding no tuaj yeem siv los kho kom zoo nkauj thiab txhawb nqa facades. Xws li lub cib muaj qhov feem ntau txawm tias geometry thiab tsis txawv ntawm qhov loj thiab qhov hnyav.
Qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm silicate thiab ceramic cib
Lub khw niaj hnub no los nrog ntau hom khoom siv. Lub volumetric hnyav ntawm brickwork nyob ntawm ob lub ntsiab yam ntxwv:
- sizes;
- configuration.
Cib qhov ntau thiab tsawg yog tswj los ntawm GOST 530-2012 (rau ceramic) thiab GOST 530-2012 (rau silicate). Feem ntau cov tuam txhab tshwj xeeb hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv hauv tsev hauv peb lub teb chaws ua raws li cov qauv muab los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm geometry, zoo zoo bricks yog muag nyob rau hauv Russia hnub no. Feem ntau, lawv ua raws li qhov tsim nyog tsis tau.
Qhov loj thiab teeb tsa ntawm cov xuab zeb-lime cib
Tam sim no, muaj ob hom ntawm cov khoom no nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam. Yog tias tsim nyog, koj tuaj yeem yuav silicate cib:
- single;
- ib nrab ib nrab.
Ob hom khoom siv hauv tsev no nrov heev rau cov neeg siv khoom. Silicate cib ib leeg muaj qhov ntev ntawm 250 x 120 x 65 mm. Qhov ntev ntawm cov khoom ib thiab ib nrab yog tib yam. Tab sis qhov siab ntawm bricks ntawm no ntau yam yog 88 mm.
Tsis tas li, cov khoom siv silicate tsis yog tus qauv kuj yog tsim los ntawm kev lag luam niaj hnub no. Qhov ntev ntawm xws li ib lub cib yog250 x 120 x 138 mm.
Raws li kev teeb tsa, cov khoom siv silicate tau muab faib ua:
- ncig;
- hollow.
Silicate cib hnyav
Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv no yog cov masonry los ntawm nws muaj tsawg dua los ntawm cov pob zeb ceramic. Ib qho hollow ib-thiab-ib-ib-ib nrab silicate cib hnyav raws nraim 4 kg. Ib qho version yog, ntawm chav kawm, yooj yim dua. Qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom no yog 3.2 kg.
Ib qho khoom siv silicate cib, tau kawg, muaj qhov hnyav dua li qhov hollow. Ib pob zeb ntawm no ntau yam hnyav 3.6 kg. Qhov hnyav ntawm ib thiab ib nrab cib yog 4.8 kg.
Ntau yam ntawm cov khoom siv ceramic
Cib ntawm hom no yog siv hauv kev tsim kho ntau dua li silicate. Cov khoom zoo li no muaj zog dua thiab tiv taus ntau yam ntawm qhov tsis zoo ib puag ncig. Piv txwv li, ceramic cib, tsis zoo li silicate cib, tau tso cai siv, suav nrog rau kev tsim kho hauv av ntawm lub hauv paus.
Cov khoom siv no tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm qhov teeb tsa thiab qhov loj me. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thib ob, cov nram qab no hom ntawm ceramic cib yog txawv:
- single;
- ib nrab;
- ob.
Qhov ntev ntawm cov khoom ntawm thawj ntau yam - 250 x 120 x 65 mm. Qhov ntev ntawm ob lub cib yog 250 x 120 x 138 mm. Ib thiab ib nrab pob zeb muaj qhov ntev ntawm 250 x 120 x 88 mm. Raws li, qhov hnyav ntawm brickwork yuav txawv, nyob rau hauvnyob ntawm seb cov khoom loj npaum li cas.
Raws li kev teeb tsa, xws li pob zeb tshwm sim:
- ncig;
- hollow;
- fab.
Ceramic cib: hnyav
Cov khoom zoo li no txawv ntawm silicate, nrog rau lwm yam, kuj muaj ntau dua. Qhov hnyav ntawm brickwork nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yuav, raws li twb tau hais lawm, muaj ntau. Qhov loj ntawm cov khoom siv lub cev tag nrho, nyob ntawm ntau yam, yog:
- ib leeg - 3, 2-3, 6 kg, nyob ntawm hom khoom raws li qhov ceev;
- ib thiab ib nrab - 4-4, 4 kg;
- ob - 6, 6-7, 2 kg.
Hollow khoom ntawm no ntau yam hnyav:
- single - 2, 2-2, 5 kg;
- ib thiab ib nrab - 3-3, 3 kg;
- ob - 4, 7-5 kg.
Faib cib muaj pawg:
- single - 1, 32-1, 6 kg;
- ib thiab ib nrab - 2, 7-3, 2 kg.
Nyhav 1 m3 ntawm xuab zeb-lime cib
Yuav cov khoom siv masonry feem ntau yog cubic meters. Paub txog qhov hnyav ntawm ntau lub cib yog, ntawm chav kawm, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Hauv qhov no, koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tus nqi ntawm cov khoom tsim nyog rau kev tso cov phab ntsa.
1m3 xuab zeb-lime cib suav nrog:
- ib - 513 pcs. (512, 8);
- ib thiab ib nrab - 378 daim
Yog li, nws yooj yim los xam qhov hnyav ntawm ib lub cubic meter ntawm cov khoom siv hauv nws cov khoom qub:
- rau hollow ib leeg - 3, 2 x 513=1641, 6 kg;
- tag nrho-lub cev ib leeg - 3.6 x 513=1846.8 kg;
- ib thiab ib nrab hollow - 4 x 378=1512 kg;
- ib thiab ib nrab corpulent - 4.8 x 378=1814.4 kg.
Nyhav 1 m3 ntawm ceramic cib
Cov khoom siv no kuj yog feem ntau yuav hauv cubic meters. Hauv pob - ib 1 m 3, ceramic cib suav nrog:
- single - 511 pieces;
- ob - 255 daim;
- ib thiab ib nrab - 377 daim
Qhov hnyav ntawm 1 m 3 ntawm ceramic cib nyob rau hauv thawj ntim yuav yog, raws li:
- ib tag nrho lub cev - 1689, 6-1843, 2kg;
- ib hollow - 1177, 6-1280 kg;
- sib ntsib - 675, 84-819, 2kg;
- ib thiab ib nrab corpulent - 1508-1621, 1 kg;
- ib thiab ib nrab hollow - 1131-1244, 1 kg;
- ib thiab ib nrab tig - 1017, 9-1206, 4 kg;
- ob lub cev - 1683-1836 kg;
- ob hollow - 1173-1275 kg.
Brickwork: hnyav 1 m3
Yog li, qhov loj ntawm ib lub cubic meter ntawm silicate lossis ceramic cib nyob ntawm qhov kev teeb tsa, qhov loj thiab qhov ntom ntawm cov khoom. Cov duab saum toj no, txawm li cas los xij, tsuas yog kwv yees xwb. Qhov no yog pes tsawg lub cib feem ntau suav nrog hauv lub Hoobkas ntim khoom. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum tso 1 m3 ntawm cib, tsawg dua. Tom qab tag nrho, ib feem ntawm lub ntim ntawm cov qauv tsim nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog nyob ntawm seams. Cib yog nteg thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho ntawm ntau yam qauv, feem ntau ntawm cov cement mortar.
Yog li, qhov hnyav ntawm brickwork yog 1 m 3, piv txwv li, phab ntsayuav nyob ntawm seb, ntawm lwm yam, ntawm txoj kev ntawm kev tsim cov qauv. Cov seams ntawm ib tus neeg lub pob zeb yuav muaj qhov sib txawv thicknesses. Feem ntau, qhov ntsuas no yog 1 cm horizontally, thiab 80 mm vertically. Hauv 1 m 3ntawm masonry, yog li ntawd, nyob ntawm seb hom khoom, feem ntau muaj 50-100 tsawg cib. Raws li, nws yuav hnyav dua los ntawm 66-132 kg (rau cov khoom siv sib sib zog nqus) thiab 330-660 kg (rau ob chav ceramic).
Tau kawg, qhov hnyav ntawm cov cement mortar kuj yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account hauv kev suav. Ib lub cubic meter ntawm cov khoom no muaj qhov hnyav ntawm kwv yees li 1500 kg. Rau seams ntawm 1 m3 ntawm masonry, tib lub sij hawm, ib tug tov ntawm txog 0.3 m3.
Lwm tus lej
Nyob rau hauv 1 m3 nyob rau hauv thawj ntim, yog li, nws muaj peev xwm muaj los ntawm 1512 mus rau 1836 kg ntawm cib. Tab sis dab tsi tuaj yeem yog qhov hnyav ntawm brickwork m2. Nyob ntawm phab ntsa siv thev naus laus zis thiab hom cib nws tus kheej, daim duab no nruab nrab:
- rau tso "hauv ib nrab cib" - txog 184 kg;
- "hauv cib" - txog 367 kg;
- "hauv 1.5 cib" - txog 551 kg;
- "hauv ob lub cib" - txog 735 kg;
- "hauv 2, 5 cib" - txog 918 kg.
Tag nrho cov duab saum toj no tau muab suav nrog cov seams hauv lub masonry. Nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm cov tsev ntiav, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv feem ntau, lub cib nteg txoj kev yog siv. Ib phab ntsa nrog thaj tsam ntawm, piv txwv li, 6 x 3 m, tsim siv cov cuab yeej no, yuav hnyav li 6606 kg. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ceramic cib hauv ob sab phlu, nteg tawm nrog ib rab diav ntawm tib cheeb tsam, yuav tig tawm ntau dua.- 3312 kg.
Ntxiv rau qhov ntim, qhov tshwj xeeb lub ntiajteb txawj nqus ntawm brickwork kuj raug coj mus rau hauv tus account thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho. Qhov ntsuas no ib txwm txawv upwards. Lub ntiajteb txawj nqus tshwj xeeb yog txiav txim siab yam tsis suav nrog cov voids hauv cov khoom. Rau ib lub cib, tus yam ntxwv no tuaj yeem sib npaug, nyob ntawm qhov ceev, ntawm 1600 txog 2000 kg / m3.
