Qhov zoo thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm kev ua tiav brickwork yog ncaj qha nyob ntawm seb lub mortar koj xaiv thiab seb koj siv lub thickness ntawm seam nyob rau hauv brickwork - longitudinal thiab ntsug. Tus nqi no yuav tsum tau muab tso rau thaum pib, ua tib zoo tswj txhua kab thiab xyuas los ntawm kev ntsuas qhov siab ntawm qhov chaw txhua 5-6 qib.
Yog tias koj deviate los ntawm cov kev pom zoo, koj yuav muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw, yuav muaj kev sib txuas tsis zoo ntawm cov blocks, uas yuav cuam tshuam rau kev puas tsuaj sai ntawm lub tsev yav tom ntej. Qhov txo qis hauv lub zog yog vim qhov tseeb tias muaj kev thauj khoom ntxiv ntawm compression, nrog rau kev khoov. Ntxiv mus, muaj ib qho kev tshem tawm tsis sib xws ntawm cov dej noo los ntawm cov khoom sib txuas, uas tsis tso cai. Yog li, lub thickness ntawm seam nyob rau hauv brickwork yog ib qho tseem ceeb parameter.
Tus qauv yuav tsum muaj dab tsi?
Ntawm qhov nruab nrab, qhov pom zoo thickness ntawm lub cib seam raws li SNiP yog 10 hli. Ntau qhov kev txwv yuav raug xaiv,raws li hom cib koj siv, nrog rau hom kev tsim kho. Nrog rau qhov tsis sib xws tseem ceeb, cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsis tuaj yeem them nyiaj rau qhov tsis sib xws hauv cov khoom siv ceramic siv, thiab suav cov blocks yuav tsis txaus. Yog hais tias lub thickness ntawm seam nyob rau hauv lub brickwork yog ntau tshaj li qhov pom zoo tsis, ces lub tsev yuav tsis check tsawg tshaj li qhov tsim nyog.
Cov tsis tau teev tseg hauv tus qauv yog suav tias muaj feem cuam tshuam yog tias koj siv cov khoom siv zoo tib yam los tsim kom muaj cov cab kuj. Nyob rau hauv brickwork, lub thickness ntawm kab rov tav seam yuav tsum yog kwv yees li 12 hli, thiab ntsug ib - 10 hli. Qhov kev txwv rau cov kab ntev ntev yuav yog los ntawm 10 mus rau 15 hli, thiab cov hlaws sib txawv ntawm 8 mus rau 12 hli. Deviation los ntawm cov lus tshaj tawm parameters ntawm qhov project yog tsis tso cai. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom ua tib zoo tswj thiab xyuas qhov zoo ntawm txhua theem ntawm kev ua haujlwm.
Yuav ua li cas cuam tshuam rau lub thickness thiab uniformity ntawm seam?
Kev cob qhia kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus neeg ua haujlwm. Vim muaj kev xav tau ntau ntxiv txog kev ntseeg tau ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm ib qho me me thaiv, kev ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau tso siab rau cov kws tshaj lij nqaim-profile tshwj xeeb. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los ntiav cov neeg ua haujlwm paub txog.
Qhov nyuaj ntawm kev daws thiab xaiv txoj kev npaj. Yog tias koj muab cov khoom tso rau hauv ib lub clamp, ces koj yuav tsum tau siv cov tuab tuab, feem pua ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke raws li cov cement thiab xuab zeb. Qhov siab tshaj plaws pub thickness ntawm brickwork seam nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yuav yog12 hli. Yog tias koj siv ntau cov kua thiab cov yas sib xyaw, ces nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau nteg cov khoom kom ze li sai tau. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov khoom nyob ib sab yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 8-10 mm.
Huab cua muaj kev cuam tshuam
Kev nyab xeeb, nrog rau kev ua haujlwm ntxiv ntawm lub tsev yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb. Yog tias koj ua haujlwm nyob rau lub caij ntuj no thiab siv cov kev daws teeb meem nrog cov khoom tshwj xeeb los tiv thaiv Frost lossis nrog cua sov, ces cov seams ntawm bricks yuav tsum tau khaws cia kom tsawg. Tib yam tuaj yeem hais txog cov phab ntsa uas tau tsim nyob rau sab qaum teb latitudes. Qhov no pab txo cov nyhuv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Tom qab tag nrho, lub masonry yuav monolithic.
Suab thiab qhov tseeb
Piv rau aerated qhob blocks, uas tau muab tso rau ntawm ib txheej ntawm lub tsev nplaum ntawm 2-3 cm, cib yog qhov nyuaj dua rau nteg, vim hais tias qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv tsim nyog yuav tsum tau mus tas li. raug kho. Yog tias koj siv cov khoom pheej yig thiab cov khoom tsis sib xws, ces cov masons yuav tsum tau kho lub thickness ntawm cov mortar sib koom ua ke nyob rau hauv brickwork nyob rau hauv ib tug kab los ntawm ob peb millimeters thiaj li yuav haum rau tag nrho cov phab ntsa rau cov qauv tsim.
Qhov no yog qhov txiav txim siab. Kev kho kom zoo ntawm cov khoom uas muaj qhov tsis sib xws lossis qhov ntev tuaj yeem ua tau los ntawm pab pawg kws tshaj lij. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm kev sib txawv loj, lub zog ntawm cov qauv yuav raug txo mus rau 25% raws li qhov tshwm sim.
Txoj kev txhawb zog tsis zoo yuav pab tau zoo li no. Txhawm rau txo kev pheej hmoo, cov khoom yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo xyuas ua ntej yuav khoom. Ntxiv nrog rau qhov tuab ntawm cov tshuaj, qhov kev ntseeg ntawm lub cibmasonry muaj zog cuam tshuam los ntawm lub zog qib ntawm cib, qhov feem ntawm voids thiab tsis kam mus rau hnyav frosts. Cov nyhuv ntawm kev sib koom ua ke thickness hauv masonry yog siab heev. Qhov kev ntsuas no yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account ua ke nrog geometric raug.
Kev ua siab ntev
Txoj cai teev tseg yog cuam tshuam rau ntau yam khoom me me, nrog rau kev tig ntsej muag thiab silicate. Ib qho kev nce me ntsis ntawm lub thickness ntawm cov masonry sib koom ua ke nyob rau hauv masonry yog xam tau thaum ua hauj lwm nrog ob ntau yam, txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau, thaum lub sij hawm kev tsim kho ntawm cov khoom siv thauj khoom thiab ntsia masonry, lub interlayer yuav tsum tau khaws cia li ntawm 10 hli rau ib txoj kab ntsug. thiab 12 mm rau ib tug longitudinal ib.
Ib qho tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem hu ua lub thawv hluav taws kub rau cov cua kub kub thiab cov qauv zoo sib xws ua los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yog tsim nyog los kho 5 hli ntawm tshwj xeeb mortar.
Ib pawg cais yog cov pobzeb uas muaj cov duab plaub. Nws yuav tsum raug ntsia raws li cov qauv kev sib koom ua ke pom zoo, uas nyob rau hauv lem nyob ntawm qhov kev ntxhib los mos thiab hom kev txiav ntawm cov khoom, nrog rau cov kev cai hais txog kev tiv thaiv kev ya raws.
Cov lus qhia rau kev tso ntau hom cib
Cov phab ntsa uas muaj cov kabmob thiab cov plinth ntawm qhov chaw, uas feem ntau raug cov dej noo, yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov khoom siv ceramic. Feem ntau lawv yog ntawm ib hom. Hauv qhov no, cov txheej txheem ob kab yuav yog cov txheej txheem zoo. Tom qab tag nrho, nws ua rau nws ua tau kom tusyees faib lub yuag load. Qhov kawg thickness yuav yog 25 cm. Cov khoom yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntsia tom qab scrupuloustshawb xyuas qhov sib npaug, nrog rau tom qab waterproofing lub hauv paus. Nws raug nquahu kom kuaj xyuas lawv rau kev puas tsuaj txhawm rau txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov yuam kev. Thawj kab yuav tsum tau muab tso rau yam tsis tas siv lub mortar qhuav, thiab tag nrho cov blocks uas tsis muaj ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm.
Lub thickness ntawm txoj kab ntsug sib koom ua ke nyob rau hauv brickwork ntawm qis txheej yuav yog 20 hli, tab sis tag nrho cov txheej ntxiv yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv tus account cov ntaub ntawv tsim. Ib qho me me ntawm qhov sib xyaw yuav tsum tau siv rau ntawm daim ntawv cog lus ntawm lub cib, tom qab ntawd nws yuav tsum tau nias me ntsis tiv thaiv cov blocks yav dhau los.
Ntau qhov sib tov nyob rau hauv txoj kab ntev yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm nrog lub trowel. Ua kom du txav ntawm hauv qab mus rau saum. Thaum ua kab kab rov tav, ceev faj, vim tias muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm smearing cov sib tov raws qhov chaw. Qhov no tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj tab tom ua haujlwm nrog kev sib ntsib cib. Ib daim qauv tshwj xeeb yuav pab koj kom tau txais cov tuab tuab yam tsis muaj kev siv nyiaj ntau. Yog tias koj tsis muaj kev paub dhau los, koj yuav tsum siv lub template tsis yog nyob rau hauv longitudinal, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv transverse cov lus qhia.
Nws pib ntawm lub ces kaum
Kev tsim kho ntawm ib qho qauv yuav tsum pib ntawm lub ces kaum nrog kev kho ntxiv ntawm qhov kev txiav txim. Qhov no yog ib lub bar tshwj xeeb los tswj cov qib. Cov phab ntsa uas yuav tsum tau plastered los yog insulated yuav tsum tau txhim kho nrog ib qho chaw. Koj yuav tau embed lub mortar 15 mm tob ntawm pem hauv ntej ntawm koj masonry.
Thaum koj tau kuaj xyuas qib thiab ua qee qhov kev kho kom zoo yog tias tsim nyog, cov ntsiab lus tsis tuaj yeem txav mus ntxiv ua ntej pib teeb tsa. Tom qabua ob peb kab, peb xav kom so luv luv.
Qhov zoo ntawm thermal rwb thaiv tsev yog qhov txiav txim siab
Ntau kab cua sov-insulating system yuav tsum raug tshem tawm siv cov khoom siv ntxeem tau, uas muaj qib siab zog. Cov qauv dav dav rau lub thickness ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke hauv masonry thiab nws qhov sib txawv tsis hloov. Txawm li cas los xij, vim tias muaj cov voids, npaj txhij rau qhov tseeb tias nws yuav tsim nyog los nce kev noj cov tshuaj.
Qhov kev hloov pauv tseem yuav cuam tshuam rau nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, txhawm rau kom tsis suav cov txuas hniav txias, mus rau cov qauv sib xyaw, uas yog sib xyaw rau hauv proportions ntawm 1 txog 3, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau ntxiv cov khoom uas txo cov thermal conductivity. Nws tuaj yeem nthuav dav av nplaum chips, ua npuas ncauj iav thiab lawv lwm yam analogues. Lub tswv yim rau ntau kab qauv yog qhov nyuaj heev, yog li yog tias koj tsis ntseeg koj lub peev xwm, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los ntiav ib pab neeg tshwj xeeb.
Ceramic nias thiab silicate cib yuav tsum tau nteg los ntawm kev sib piv nrog lwm tus - los ntawm lub ces kaum. Ua tib zoo saib xyuas qib thiab xyuas kom meej tias txhua kab tau teem caij qhuav. Nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog rau cov kev xav tau ntau ntxiv hais txog kev kho kom zoo nkauj, hom seam kuj yuav hloov: nws yuav concave los yog convex. Grouting yuav tsum tau ua tsis tau ncua. Qhov thib ob yog feem ntau xaiv thaum lub sij hawm facade cladding. Tom qab tag nrho, xws li kev sib koom ua ke pab txhawb kev tiv thaiv phab ntsa los ntawm kev ya raws.
Saib pobzeb pem hauv ntej
Qhov nuance yog qhov tso ntawm qhov me me rau qhov cua hauv txoj kab ntsug. Raws li txoj cai, qhov noua tiav ntawm txhua kab plaub. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, lub ntsej muag pem hauv ntej yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv los ntawm kev sib cuag nrog cov tshuaj. Yog tias cov tee poob poob, tshem tawm nrog daim ntaub qhuav ua ntej lawv txeeb.
Masonry thiab grout yuav tsum tau sib txawv nyob ntawm seb lawv cov dej. Cov txheej txheem ceramic sib tov yuav tsum tau moistened ua ntej kev teeb tsa, clinker sawv daws yuav nteg qhuav, tab sis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb muaj pes tsawg leeg uas muaj ib tug tsawg kawg nkaus tus nqi ntawm ntsev-kos tshuaj.
