Ntau tus pej xeem npau suav ntawm ib lub tsev zoo nkauj me me sab nraum nroog. Koj tuaj yeem mus rau qhov ntawd, khiav tawm ntawm lub nroog bustle. Hauv lub ces kaum no koj tuaj yeem hnov qhov qab ntxiag tshiab ntawm lub ntiaj teb hauv qab koj txhais taw. Txoj kev npau suav no yuav muaj tseeb. Koj ua tau ib lub tsev koj tus kheej.
project work
Ua ntej koj pib ua haujlwm hauv lub tebchaws, koj yuav tsum xaiv qhov chaw rau nws. Nrog rau kev npaj kom raug, koj yuav siv tau txhua daim ntawm koj thaj av kom zoo li qhov ua tau. Txawm hais tias kev tsim kho yuav ua tiav ntawm koj tus kheej thaj chaw, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua kom tiav qee qhov kev xav tau thiab tswj qhov kev ncua deb tsawg kawg nkaus. 5 m yuav tsum tau rov qab los ntawm txoj kev, 3 m los ntawm cov neeg nyob sib ze, tus nqi tib yam los ntawm txoj kev.
Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob pib tsim hauv qhov chaw qis, vim tias dej yuav nce mus tas li. Qhov chaw siab tshaj plaws ntawm qhov chaw yuav zoo siab. Koj yuav tsum xaiv ib lub ces kaum nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub poob lossis sab qaum teb. Lub teb chaws tsev yuav tsum tau ua raws li qhov project.
Kev txiav txim siab ib txwmschemes, koj tuaj yeem hais txog ib qho kev xav - qhov kev nyiam tsis sib haum xeeb yog cov tsev ib-zaj dab neeg nrog lub qab nthab. Qhov kev xaiv no yog lub sijhawm sim. Nrog rau qhov project no, koj tuaj yeem tso tseg hozblok, qhov twg koj siv los khaws cov khoom muag thiab lwm yam khoom siv rau lub vaj. Tam sim no txhua yam no tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv qab nthab.
Koj tuaj yeem ntxiv terrace rau lub tsev. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov nws feem ntau yog siv los ua chav noj mov. Yog hais tias lub teb chaws lub tsev yog ob-zaj dab neeg, ib lub qab nthab tuaj yeem muab tso rau saum. Thawj pem teb feem ntau yog lub tsev nyob thiab chav ua noj, thaum lub tsev thib ob ua tus tswv qhov chaw. Nyob ntawd koj tuaj yeem npaj chav pw.
Nws raug nquahu kom txuag nyiaj ntawm lub tshuab cua sov. Lub installation ntawm classic boiler, radiators thiab kav yuav siv sij hawm txog 20% ntawm tag nrho cov peev nyiaj. Yog tias koj xav tsim lub tsev nyob hauv lub tebchaws uas koj yuav nyob tsuas yog lub caij ntuj sov, ces koj tuaj yeem tau txais nrog infrared lossis hluav taws xob cua sov rau cua sov thaum huab cua phem.
Prefabricated tsev tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam tsis ntev los no. Outwardly, lawv zoo li monotonous parallelepipeds nrog lub ru tsev, tab sis nyob rau hauv lawv muaj peev xwm muaj kev txhim kho layout thiab txawm ob plag tsev. Yog tias koj txiav txim siab siv lub tswv yim zoo li no, koj yuav tau txais ib yam khoom siv hauv tsev uas yuav tso cai rau koj los sib sau ua ke ib lub tsev nrog tsuas yog kev paub txog kev tsim kho. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim vaj tsev xws li kev sib txuas lus, uas yog:
- plua plav;
- cua txias;
- qhov cua;
- wiring.
Lub tsev sib tsoo tuaj yeem siv sijhawm so ntev, thiablub tsev tuaj yeem nruab nrog chav ua noj, chav ua haujlwm, chav dej thiab chav so. Yog tias koj xav tsim lub teb chaws lub tsev nrog koj tus kheej tes, cov duab ntawm cov tsev zoo li no yuav tsum tau xav txog. Saib sab hauv, koj yuav pom:
- hinged txee;
- dej rhaub;
- xav tau cov kav dej;
- siav.
Tsim lub hauv paus
Kev pib ua lub tsev yog qhov tsim nyog nrog xaiv hom lub hauv paus. Cov lus nug no muaj feem xyuam rau cov khoom siv los ntawm cov phab ntsa yuav sawv. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau coj mus rau hauv tus account tus naj npawb ntawm storeys. Lub teeb lub tsev tuaj yeem ua rau ntawm cov ntsia hlau lossis cov ncej hauv qab. Raws li rau cov tsev hnyav, nrog rau cov tsev ob-zaj, lawv xav tau cov hauv paus hauv qab ib ncig ntawm lub tsev thiab hauv qab cov phab ntsa uas muaj cov kabmob. Lub teeb lub tsev muaj xws li cov tsev thav duab, cov tsev cav, thiab cov qauv qauv.
Lub teb chaws hnyav yog cov tsim los ntawm:
- pob zeb thaiv;
- pob zeb;
- aerated qhob;
- brick.
Nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov tob ntawm cov av khov. Lub hauv paus yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv qab no, coj mus rau hauv tus account kuj yog cov kab ntawm cov dej hauv av tshwm sim. Nyob rau hauv qab daus, yuav tsum muaj ib tug waterproofing ntaus ntawv. Nws yog nteg, stepping rov qab los ntawm hauv av 0.5 m. Yog hais tias cov av qhuav txaus, piv txwv li, nws yog sawv cev los ntawm xuab zeb, ces ib tug cement-xuab zeb sib tov yuav siv tau raws li ib tug screed, uas yog poured nrog ib tug txheej ntawm 2 mus rau. 4 cm.
Rau cov av ntub, cov khoom siv vov tsev yog xav tau rau saum cov screed. Nws nyob hauvob txheej. Raws li ib qho kev xaiv, cov cuab yeej siv hauv qab no yog siv: cov khoom siv vov tsev yog glued mus rau qhuav screed siv kub mastic. Cov dej tsis muaj dej yog nyob hauv qab theem ntawm cov kab teeb hauv pem teb.
Tom qab tshuaj xyuas cov duab ntawm lub teb chaws lub tsev, koj tuaj yeem hais qhia rau koj tus kheej cov kev xaiv uas muaj hauv qab daus. Hauv qhov no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej qhov cua ntawm qhov chaw hauv av. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, qhov me me yog tsim, npog nrog ib qho kev tiv thaiv mesh. Lub qhov muag tsis pom ntawm 70 cm yuav tsum tau tsim nyob ib ncig ntawm lub hauv paus, uas yuav tsum protrude tshaj lub overhang ntawm eaves. Ib feem ntawm lub tsev no yuav tsum muaj qhov nqes me ntsis uas yog coj mus deb ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev.
Ua li no, ua ntej koj yuav tsum tau tshem tawm cov txheej saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm cov av, ncuav av nplaum rau saum. Cov txheej tom ntej yuav yog pob zeb crushed, koj tuaj yeem hloov nws nrog cib lossis gravel. Qhov chaw dig muag yog nchuav nrog pob zeb lossis dov nrog asph alt.
Ua haujlwm hauv pem teb
Lub teb chaws lub tsev yuav muaj cov flooring, ua hauj lwm uas pib nrog nteg lub cav. Rau thermal rwb thaiv tsev ntawm qhov no, lub rhaub yog nteg nruab nrab ntawm lub lags, nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub vapor barrier nyob. Nws yog tsau rau lub lags nrog ib tug stapler, thiab cov pob qij txha yog glued nrog daim kab xev.
Tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv nrog kev teeb tsa ntawm subfloor. Rau qhov no, ib tug unedged board yog siv, uas yog pre-kho los ntawm rotting thiab dampness. Tom qab ntawd cov txheej txheem tiav yog npog. Nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev ob-storey, lub qab nthab kab teeb ntawm thawj pem teb yuav ua raws li ib tug ncej rau pem teb nyob rau hauv lub thib ob pem teb.
phab ntsa
Tom qab saib cov duab ntawm lub tebchaws,koj yuav pom tias txhua tus ntawm lawv muaj cov phab ntsa ua los ntawm ib qho khoom lossis lwm qhov. Rau ib lub vaj tsev, ib lub thav duab qauv yuav yog qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws. Rau nws, ib tug nruj thav duab yog sib sau ua ke, uas muaj xws li ib tug qauv qauv. Nws muab tso rau ib ncig ntawm lub perimeter, thiab cov ncej yog ntsia rau hauv cov ces kaum ntawm lub tsev, uas yog rigidly tsau.
Kev ua tus ncej
Cov ncej yog mounted siv kab teeb. Nws yog sheathed nrog plywood, thiab lub rhaub yog muab tso rau hauv. Lub teb chaws tsev ua los ntawm ntoo yuav yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem zoo. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj tuaj yeem siv cov ntaub nplaum los yog profiled. Nws yog pheej yig, tsis xav tau loj-scale tig mus ua hauj lwm, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ib tug zoo heev microclimate yog tsim nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm xws li phab ntsa. Tab sis koj yuav tsum tau npaj rau qee qhov teeb meem thaum tsim kho, uas tsis tuaj yeem hais txog lub tsev thav duab.
Lub tsev ruaj khov tshaj plaws yog cib, ua los ntawm cov pob zeb, aerated qhob lossis pob zeb. Xws li kev tsim kho yog kim tshaj plaws, nws xav tau kev koom tes ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm ntxiv, qee zaum tsim nyog.
ru tsev installation
Kev tsim vaj tsev hauv teb chaws, zoo li lwm lub tsev, nrog rau kev teeb tsa lub ru tsev. Nws tuaj yeem yog ib leeg lossis ob. Cov qauv tsim muaj cov rafters uas cov flooring thiab crate nyob. Rafter ob txhais ceg yuav tsum tau txiav mus rau hauv lub phab ntsa, los yog es mus rau hauv lub Upper harness. Kev them nyiaj yug kuj tuaj yeem nqa tawm ntawm Mauerlat, uas tau muab tso rau hauv ib puag ncig ntawm phab ntsa.
Crate boardsfastened rau rafters. Nws tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau sab nraub qaum lossis sib nrug, nws yuav tsum tau muab tso rau tib lub voj voog. Lub ru tsev ntawm lub teb chaws me me tuaj yeem npog nrog cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no:
- natural tiles;
- wavy slate;
- onduline;
- profileed hlau;
- pobzeb mos.
Cov pob txha ntawm lub ru tsev thiab lub voj voog yog npog nrog cov khoom zoo li qub. Cov theem kawg yuav yog qhov rais thiab qhov rooj thaiv, tom qab ua tiav cov haujlwm tiav.
Tsim lub tsev thav duab
Lub hauv paus rau lub tsev thav duab tuaj yeem yog txhua yam:
- tape;
- pile ntsia hlau;
- columnar.
Lub hauv paus-ntsia hlau yog tsim rau ntawm cov av xoob lossis taug kev av. Ntawm qhov zoo ntawm qhov kev tsim no yuav tsum tau hais txog:
- nrawm nrawm;
- nqi qis;
- kev muaj peev xwm zoo heev.
Yog tias koj yuav tsum tau nruab cov pawg ntawm txoj kab uas hla, koj yuav tau mus rau kev pab ntawm cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb. Ua ntej no, lub xaib raug cim. Qhov saum npoo hauv qab lub hauv paus yuav tsum tiaj tus. Ib puag ncig yog piav qhia ntawm cov ces kaum ntawm lub tsev yav tom ntej. Cov khoom siv txhawb nqa tau nruab, uas nyob ntawm cov ces kaum. Cov kauj ruam tom ntej yuav yog lub installation ntawm pawg. Nyob rau theem kawg, cov ntsiab lus no raug txiav mus rau theem uas yuav tsum tau ua, thiab tom qab ntawd cov pob tw yog concreted.
Lub hauv paus yuav npaj sai li sai tau thaum lub taub hau tau teeb tsa ntawm kev txhawb nqa. Thiab txoj hlua khi yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov tuav. Txhim kho lub strapping rau hauv paus yog nqa tawmmounting bolts. Ib lub rooj tsavxwm yog pw rau saum, uas yuav tsum tau thaiv cov junctions ntawm cov tuav. Lub thav duab lub teb chaws lub tsev yuav muaj ib tug ntxhib log pem teb. Lawv raug ntsia siv hlau fab, uas tso cai rau fastening rau lub sam thiaj. Nruab nrab ntawm cov lags yog lub rhaub.
Txhim kho tus ncej
Tom ntej, koj tuaj yeem mus rau qhov kev teeb tsa ntawm tus ncej. Rau qhov no, lub rooj tsavxwm ntawm 100, 150 lossis 200 mm yog siv. Cov ncej ncej yog mounted ua ntej. Lawv tau kho nrog cov pob txha steel muaj zog. Tom qab tag nrho cov racks txuas. Corners kuj siv rau qhov no. Braces yog ntsia rau ntawm txhua lub khib. Kev ceev ntawm cov tuav hauv cov ces kaum yog ua los ntawm kev txiav.
Yog tias koj txiav txim siab tsim lub teb chaws lub tsev nrog koj tus kheej tes, koj tuaj yeem mus rau kev teeb tsa lub qab nthab ntawm theem tom ntej. Perforated brackets tuaj yeem siv rau qhov no. Lub beams so ntawm lub strapping tuav, fastening yog nqa tawm nrog tus kheej-tapping screws. Txoj kev siv sijhawm ntau dua yog kev teeb tsa lub ru tsev. Nws yog nyob ntawm rafters, qhov ntev ntawm qhov uas, nrog rau cov kauj ruam installation, tuaj yeem sib txawv. Nyob ntawm seb cov khoom siv vov tsev twg koj txiav txim siab xaiv, thev naus laus zis rau kev txhim kho lub crate yog txiav txim siab. Tom ntej no los ntawm cov txee-lattice thiab installation ntawm cov khoom vov tsev.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los saib xyuas cov rwb thaiv tsev. Ua li no, ib qho vapor barrier zaj duab xis yog nteg rau sab hauv ntawm lub rafter ob txhais ceg, cov pob qij txha ntawm cov nplooj ntawv uas yog glued nrog ob-sided daim kab xev. Qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm cov tuav yog ntim nrog rwb thaiv tsev boards. Nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm nws yog ib tug diffusion membrane. Yog tias koj npaj yuav siv cov yeeb yaj kiab ntxiv, cesQhov sib txawv ntawm 2 cm yuav tsum tau sab laug ntawm nws thiab thermal rwb thaiv tsev.
Thaum tsim ib lub teb chaws ib-zaj tsev, koj tseem yuav tau ua kom tiav ib lub laj kab. Rau qhov no, tuav nrog ib ntu ntawm 25 x 30 cm yog siv, koj tuaj yeem ua kom cov kev txwv no mus rau 30 x 50 cm. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem zoo ib yam li cov rafters. Ib tug crate ntawm boards los yog beams yog ntsia rau ntawm lub counter-lattice. Fastening yog nqa tawm nrog cov ntsia hlau galvanized.
Kev txhim kho cov khoom siv vov tsev pib los ntawm hauv qab. Koj yuav tsum txav mus los. Ua ntej, ib tug cornice sawb yog ntsia siv tus kheej tapping screws. Thawj daim ntawv npog cov ntaub ntawv nce mus rau lub ru tsev. Lawv tuaj yeem yog cov vuas hlau.
Tsim lub tsev nrog lub tsev pheeb suab
Ib lub teb chaws nrog lub tsev pheeb suab yuav muaj qab nthab ua los ntawm steel I-beams thiab rails. Lub qab nthab yog poured nrog ib tug tov ntawm cement thiab xuab zeb, uas yog ntxiv slag. Nws yog lub teeb yuag thiab zoo tagnrho rau ceilings. Cov khoom siv hauv tsev no kuj pheej yig.
Txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau
Thaum nchuav lub qab nthab, cov ntsia hlau yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm ntawm ib leeg los ntawm 1 m. Lawv muab cov hlau xaim lossis hlau mesh. Lub qab nthab tuaj yeem yog ntoo. Ua li no, tuav ntawm square seem nrog ib sab ntawm 100 mm yog muab tso rau hauv lub qab nthab. Rafters txuas rau lawv.
Lub qab nthab tuaj yeem tig mus ua duab plaub, uas yuav pab txhawb txoj haujlwm ntawm kev tsim lub thav duab. Nws yuav muaj cov ntoo tuav nrog ib ntu ntawm 120 x 60 mm. Cov ntsiab lus no so ntawm lub qab nthab, thiab qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lawv yuav yog 1 m.
phab ntsa
Tau tso cov cav, nrog rau lawv, koj yuav tsum nqa lub sam thiaj ntoo. Nws yuav ua lub hauv paus rau lub thawv uas cov kua dej yuav txuas nrog. Ib lub thav duab rau cov phab ntsa hauv qab yog tsau rau cov tuav. Tsis ntev tas los no, cov ntsia hlau thiab staples tau siv rau lub hom phiaj no, tab sis yog tias koj muaj lub hau ntswj, txoj haujlwm yuav yooj yim dua.
Cov ntoo ntoo zoo kawg nkaus tuav lub ru tsev. Txhawm rau kom yooj yim screwing nyob rau hauv lub fasteners, koj yuav tsum xub npaj lub qhov. Hauv kev ua haujlwm, screws ntawm 4.2 hli yog siv. Txhawm rau kom muaj zog ntau dua, kev sib tshooj ntawm cov laug cam tau teeb tsa rau sab saum toj ntawm qhov sib tshooj ntawm lub ru tsev, dhau los ntawm cov firmware yog tsim nrog cov ntsia hlau.
In xaus
Yog tias koj muaj thaj chaw nyob hauv nroog, txawm tias nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej nruj koj tuaj yeem nruab ib lub tsev me me, nyob ib sab ntawm qhov tseem yuav muaj chaw cog qoob loo. Yog tias koj siv los so tsis yog nrog koj tsev neeg nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj los ntawm qee lub sijhawm nyiam caw cov qhua, tom qab ntawd lub tsev tuaj yeem ntxiv nrog lub qab nthab. Qhov no ntawm lub tsev kuj tseem siv tau los khaws cov khoom muag.
