pob zeb sib tov yog cov khoom sib xyaw zoo ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke, sib xyaw kom zoo ua ntej hardening thiab teeb tsa. Qhov sib xyaw ua ke yog txiav txim siab raws li qhov xav tau ntawm lub tsev. Cement khob noom cookie yog lub ntsiab qauv-tsim lub caij.
Txawm hais tias siv cov khoom siv, qhov sib tov yuav tsum khaws nws qhov qub qub thaum thauj thiab teeb tsa, thiab yuav tsum muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm txaus raws li cov txheej txheem compaction siv.
Concrete, nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm kev ua kom muaj zog, thawj zaug hloov elastic deformations, thiab tom qab kev hloov pauv ntawm lub zog, nws yuav siv rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov kua nplaum. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm thixotropy yog siv los piav qhia txog tus yam ntxwv ntawm thinning nyob rau hauv txhua yam cuam tshuam thiab thickening nyob rau hauv tsis muaj nws.
Specifications
Kev yooj yim ntawm kev tso yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev tsim vaj tsev thiab tsim cov khoom siv pob zeb ntxiv. Nws muab cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog sau thaum tuav cov qauv dhau los.
Tus yam ntxwv los ntawm kev txav mus los tau txiav txim siab los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm lub khob hliav qab tau los ntawm cov khoom raug kuaj. Workability muaj ib tug siab nruj parameter ntawm xoomDraft cone.
Hardness yog xam los ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm kev co uas yuav tsum tau ua kom compact thiab theem ib tug pre-npaj sib tov cone nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb ntaus ntawv.
Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm pob zeb thiab homogeneity ntawm cov khoom nyob ntawm qhov sib xws ntawm qhov sib tov. Qhov tshwj xeeb tseem ceeb yog qhov homogeneity ntawm pawg thaum thauj, sib dhos thiab compaction. Nyob rau hauv ib qho kev sib tov sib xyaw ua ke thaum lub sij hawm compaction, lub Cheebtsam ntawm cov nplej pib converge, ua rau nce ntawm ib feem ntawm cov dej. Kev tiv thaiv kev sib cais ntawm cov khoom txav thiab ua kom cov dej khaws cia yog ua tiav los ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv plasticizing, txo cov dej tag nrho rau kev sib xyaw thiab ua tib zoo xaiv cov khoom xyaw.
Kev ua haujlwm
Qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm yog cov kua dej siv rau kev sib tov. Dej yog muab tso rau nruab nrab ntawm cov aggregates thiab cov cement paste. Nws cov nyiaj kuj txiav txim siab cov khoom rheological ntawm pob zeb, raws li viscosity thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev hloov pauv.
Cov aggregate tau txais cov dej xav tau ntau dua nrog kev nce hauv lub dav hlau tag nrho ntawm cov nplej, uas yog qhov zoo rau cov xuab zeb zoo.
Dej-cement piv yuav tsum tau ua kom ruaj khov kom ntseeg tau tias lub zog ntawm cov khoom siv, vim nws qhov kev siv nyiaj ntau dhau los ntawm kev xav tau dej ntau ntxiv. Kev siv cov xuab zeb zoo yog qhov tsim nyog tom qab sib ntxiv ntawm cov xuab zeb lossis cov xuab zeb zoo nkauj nrog cov khoom zoo.
Deformation
Daim ntawv thov ntawm pob zeb hauv qab thauj khoom txawv ntawmsiv hlau thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv nrog ntau dua elasticity. Cov khoom ntawm pob zeb yog nyob ntawm conglomerate puag nrog kev nce hauv axial load. Nws yog characterized los ntawm elastic deformation hloov nyob rau hauv load rau ib tug luv luv lub sij hawm thiab ntawm tsawg voltage. Qhov nce hauv lub zog nce qhov muaj modulus ntawm elasticity, uas tseem cuam tshuam los ntawm cov porosity ntawm cov pob zeb. Cov kev cai ntawm lub module ntawm cov khoom yog ua tau los ntawm kev tswj nws cov qauv.
Creep yog qhov nce hauv pob zeb deformation nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev thauj khoom zoo li qub. Xws li cov khoom ntawm pob zeb yog nyob ntawm qhov chaw nyob ntawm cov av noo, cov kev mob ntawm kev siv, hom, muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov khoom thiab cov tshuaj ntawm nws cov chaw tsim khoom, muaj qee cov aggregates. Crushed igneous pob zeb, uas yog nyob rau hauv qeb ntawm ntom aggregates, thiab high-zoo cov ntaub ntawv uas txo lub zuag qhia tag nrho creep ntawm loj. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws qhov kev ua kom muaj zog tau sau tseg thaum siv cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke, yog li ntawd, cov pob zeb hnyav yog qhov tsis tshua muaj creep piv rau lub teeb pob zeb.
Cov khoom siv dag zog ntawm cov pob zeb no nce nrog kev teeb tsa ntxov ntawm cov khoom, uas tseem cuam tshuam rau cov qauv.
Shrinkage ntawm cement tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm hardening nyob rau hauv qhib cua, lub sij hawm no muaj compression ntawm cov cement thiab ib tug txo nyob rau hauv linear parameters ntawm lub ntsiab. Nws nyob ntawm cov qauv thiab cov ntsiab lus noo noo. Cov khoom siv pob zeb thiab cov khoom siv ntxiv dag zog, thaum cov pob zeb me me, tau txais cov kev ntxhov siab uas tsim nyog, yog li ntawd, kev txiav nrog cov pob qij txha shrinkage yog siv.rau cov qauv uas muaj qhov loj, uas pab tiv thaiv kev tsim cov kab nrib pleb.
Cov pob zeb loj heev yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev ziab sab nraud sai, thaum tswj cov dej noo hauv lub sijhawm ntev. Non-homogeneous shrinkage tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov kab nrib pleb nyob rau hauv cov cement pob zeb thiab nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov aggregate vim tensile sab nraud kev nyuaj siab.
Kev txo qis pob zeb yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj cov khoom zoo monolithic thiab kho qhov kev ntxhov siab. Vim qhov sib ntxiv ntawm muab tub lim rau ib chav tsev ntawm tag nrho cov ntim, tus nqi ntawm binder yog txo, thiab tsim ib hom filling thav duab kuj tau sau tseg, tiv thaiv loj shrinkage. Yog vim li cas pob zeb cement thiaj li raug rau nws ntau dua li pob zeb thiab mortars.
Qhob, uas nws cov khoom tsim kho kom siv tau rau txoj kev thiab cov qauv hydraulic, raug rau cov txheej txheem ntub dej thiab ziab. Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov ntsiab lus noo noo ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv deformations, uas ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab nrib pleb thiab txo qis rau lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom.
Frost resistance
Frost resistance yog txiav txim siab los ntawm kev hloov pauv khov thiab thawing hauv dej. Cov qauv uas tau dhau los ua kev kho cua sov yog kuaj hauv ib lub lis piam lossis ib hlis, raug rau cov txheej txheem solidification chamber. Lub stability nyob ntawm lub capillary porosity ntawm cov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov additives siv. Frost tsis kam thiab noo noo permeability feem ntau txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov ntim ntawm capillary macropores. Kev nce ntawm cov yam ntxwv no tau pom nrog porosity txog 7%.
Cov khoom pov thawj noo noo ntawm cov pob zeb tau txo qis nrog qhov txo qis ntawm qhov ntim ntawm capillary pores; rau qhov no, dej-repellent thiab sealing ntsiab lus qhia thaum tsim khoom. Qhov nro ntawm cov khoom ua kom zoo yog tsawg dua dej, thiab yog li ntawd lawv muaj ntau dua kev nkag mus rau hauv pob zeb. Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb yog siv los txo qhov pom ntawm cov khoom siv roj av. Kev siv cov khoom siv intumescent hloov Portland cement ua rau txo qis hauv cov roj thiab dej permeability.
Thermophysical Basic Properties ntawm pob zeb
Ib yam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog thermal conductivity, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb rau cov khoom siv hauv tsev.
Cov pob zeb hnyav muaj qhov siab ntawm thermal conductivity, uas qee zaum txo qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm nws siv. Hauv kev tsim cov phab ntsa sab nrauv los ntawm nws, yuav tsum siv cov rwb thaiv tsev sab hauv.
Cov khoom siv pob zeb xws li mortar thiab cov khoom sib xyaw loj muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm kev nthuav dav thiab, raws li, sib txawv deformations nrog kub hloov pauv. Nrog rau cov kev hloov loj, latent cracking yuav tshwm sim, tshwm sim los ntawm ib theem sib txawv ntawm thermal expansion ntawm lub mortar thiab aggregate. Cov kab nrib pleb muaj nyob ntawm lub dav hlau ntawm qhov muab tub lim; lawv cov tsos kuj tseem ua tau hauv cov nplej tsis muaj zog thiab hauv kev daws. Yuav zam taukev puas tsuaj sab hauv nrog kev xaiv kom raug ntawm cov khoom sib xws nrog cov kev nthuav dav zoo sib xws.
Lub teeb pob zeb
hauv kev tsim kho, lub teeb ua ke ua ke yog ua kom muaj nuj nqis thiab cov npe uas muaj zog tsawg dua thiab cov hluav taws xob tsis kam ntxiv rau hluav taws, noo noo, khov, te thiab durability. Cov khoom zoo li no muaj kev nyab xeeb, ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg vim yog siv cov khoom tsis zoo thiab cov ntxhia hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv raw. Cov khoom ntawm cov pob zeb sib sib zog nqus tso cai rau lawv siv rau hauv monolithic thiab prefabricated load-bearing qauv. Kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov khoom sib sau ua ke, nthuav dav cov khoom siv raw, txhim kho thiab txhim kho thev naus laus zis ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev siv.
Qhov dav tshaj plaws yog nyob rau hauv kev tsim cov vaj tse rau fencing thiab phab ntsa cov ntaub ntawv rau masonry. Tab sis vim muaj qhov muaj peev xwm thiab lub zog tsawg, cov pob zeb sib sib zog nqus yog siv hauv kev tsim peev tsuas yog siv cov hlua khi thiab cov hlau thav duab tsim. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov pob zeb uas twb muaj lawm tau txo qis los ntawm kev hloov pauv hom thiab cov duab ntawm cov khoom.
pob zeb hnyav
Cov pob zeb hnyav yog cov khoom siv nrov tshaj plaws nrog lub zog zoo thiab muaj ntau yam. Nws yog los ntawm nws qhov chaw monolithic ntawm cov khoom tsim. Cov khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm cov pob zeb hnyav, qhov yooj yim ntawm kev teeb tsa thiab cov khoom siv, tus nqi pheej yig tso caiua kom muaj qhov tshwm sim zoo li no. Kev txo qis hauv kev ua haujlwm tau muab sau tseg thaum tsim cov plag tsev teeb thiab cov phab ntsa, vim tias yuav tsum tau txo cov cua sov ntawm no.
Aerated qhob: khoom, kev siv
Hom no yog nyob rau hauv qeb ntawm kev lag luam thiab cov ntaub ntawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev tsim kho, tso cai rau koj los tsim cov khoom siv rau ntau lub hom phiaj nrog cov plag tsev me me rau kev ua haujlwm hauv txhua qhov kev nyab xeeb.
Qhov no yog ib yam ntawm cov pob zeb sib sib zog nqus tau tom qab hardening ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm siliceous, binder Cheebtsam, nthuav dav los ntawm kev siv lub tshuab tshuab. Vim qhov tom kawg, cov qauv "cellular" yog tsim, uas muaj huab cua pores sib npaug spaced thoob plaws hauv lub ntim. Cov khoom siv ntawm hom no muaj lub zog txaus, tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob ua haujlwm thiab tsis tshua muaj qhov ntom ntom. Xws li cov khoom ntawm cellular pob zeb, ua ke nrog lub teeb siv thev naus laus zis thiab cov khoom siv raw, ua rau nws yooj yim dua kev xaiv rau npog cov khoom tsim los ntawm lub teeb yuag reinforced pob zeb thiab phab ntsa. Lub hauv paus ntawm cov pob zeb yog cov khoom siv niaj hnub uas tsis muaj cov tshuaj phem.
txiaj ntsig
Thaum cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, nws tuaj yeem kho qhov porosity yooj yim thiab tau txais cov khoom siv nrog ntau lub hom phiaj thiab qhov ntom ntom.
Thaum siv cov ntaub ntawv nrog cov ntaub ntawv qis qis, ntxeem cov pob zeb ua kom tsis txaus rau cov suab nrov thiab suab nrov. Nws tseem tuaj yeem txiav rau hauv txhua hom duab thiab hauv qab ntau yamkaum. Cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo heev, xws li lub phiaj los yog saw, tuaj yeem siv rau kev ua haujlwm.
Aerated reinforced pob zeb, ib qho muaj pes tsawg leeg uas nws cov khoom tso cai rau nws siv nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam uas muaj seismic txaus ntshai, qee zaum tuaj yeem dhau los ua cov khoom siv tsis tau. Cov chaw nyob thiab cov chaw ua haujlwm, rau kev tsim cov uas nws tau siv, muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntau dua thaum muaj av qeeg. Qhov no yog vim qhov hnyav qis, uas txo qhov hnyav tag nrho ntawm cov qauv.
