Nyob rau hauv thaj av ntawm vaj tse, ib tug yuav tsum tau nrog lub ntsiab lus ntawm ib pab pawg ntawm peev ntawm kev tsim kho tej yaam num ntau heev. Piv txwv li, cov txheej txheem no yog qhov tseem ceeb yog tias lub xeev sau npe ntawm cov qauv lossis kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev rhuav tshem yog tsim nyog.
lo lus "tsim peev" txhais li cas?
Cov ntaub ntawv tswj hwm thiab kev txawj ntse tsis tau muab cov lus piav qhia meej txog cov cim ntawm kev tsim peev txheej. Txawm li cas los xij, lo lus no cuam tshuam nrog lub zog, kev ua haujlwm thiab kev pabcuam lub neej ntawm lub tsev.
Yuav ua li cas txiav txim siab pab pawg peev ntawm ib lub tsev?
Yuav kom muab lub tsev rau ib lossis lwm pab pawg ntawm cov peev txheej, raug xaiv tsa tus kws tshaj lij tshwj xeeb. Cov txheej txheem tshuaj xyuas suav nrog kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm ntau qhov ntsuas. Cov tseem ceeb yog:
- Cov ntaub ntawv siv rau kev tsim kho: hauv paus, phab ntsa, pem teb.
- Tsim cov yam ntxwv uas ua kom lub cev thiab lub zog ua haujlwm ntawm cov qauv.
- Degree ntawm hluav taws kub.
- theem kev txhim kho sab hauv,engineering kev sib txuas lus.
Pab pawg ntawm peev txheej ntawm cov tsev rau kev siv pej xeem
Cov kev daws teeb meem niaj hnub niaj hnub hais txog cov peev txheej sib txawv rau cov tsev, nyob ntawm lawv lub hom phiaj. Yog li, cov qauv npaj rau kev siv pej xeem (cov tsev nyob hauv tsev) muaj lub sijhawm luv dua li kev lag luam (public) vaj tsev.
Lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tsis muaj teeb meem yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev txiav txim siab cov peev txheej ntawm cov tsev thiab cov qauv, cov lus qhia meej meej qhov no.
| Capital group | Kev pab cuam lub neej, xyoo | hom khoom, nyob ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev siv |
| thawj | unlimited | pob zeb, pob zeb |
| second | 120 | Commons |
| thib peb | 120 | pob zeb sib zog |
| thiv | 50 | ntoo sib xyaw |
| fifth | 30 | Framework |
| sixth | 15 | Reeds |
I pab pawg peev ntawm cov vaj tsev nyob
Cov tsev thawj zaug tau txais cov qauv zoo tshaj plaws. Qhov kev pab cuam lub neej siab tshaj plaws yog ua tiav los ntawm kev tsim qauv zoo, feem ntaumuaj ib lub hauv paus monolithic, phab ntsa thiab qab nthab. Cov khoom siv tseem ceeb ntawm lub hauv paus yog pob zeb, pob zeb. Cov phab ntsa tuaj yeem ua los ntawm thaiv, pob zeb lossis cib masonry. Qab nthab - los ntawm cov pob zeb muaj zog. Qhov hluav taws kub tsis kam ntawm cov khoom no yog siab tshaj plaws. Ib qho piv txwv yog ntau-storey monolithic lub tsev, uas txhua lub nroog architecture feem ntau muaj.
II peev pab pawg
Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov chav kawm no tsis deb tom qab thawj pab pawg ntawm lub zog thiab kav ntev. Tsis zoo li thawj chav kawm, ntawm no cov phab ntsa kuj tuaj yeem ua vaj huam sib luag loj. Cov tsev zoo li no tau txais txiaj ntsig ntau dua hauv kev tsim kho kev lag luam, vim lawv tau tsim sai dua, thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, lawv raug nqi cov neeg cog lus tsawg dua li cov monolithic.
III pab pawg
Rau kev tsim kho cov tsev, cov cuab yeej sib xyaw ntawm phab ntsa erection yog siv cov khoom sib zog: cib, cinder blocks, plhaub pob zeb, thiab lwm yam. Cov phab ntsa zoo li no sib dua li pob zeb lossis pob zeb, tab sis qee feem ntawm lub cev thiab cov khoom siv. endurance poob.
IV pab pawg
Nyob hauv kev sib xyaw ntawm cov tsev hauv pawg no, cov khoom siv hauv tsev xws li ntoo yog siv. Nyob rau hauv cov ntoo version, cov phab ntsa (txiav, thaiv-zoo li tus), qab nthab, thiab ib tug sib sib zog nqus daim kab xev foundation yuav ua tau. Kev tiv thaiv hluav taws thiab kev pabcuam lub neej tau pom zoo txo qis piv rau lawv cov neeg ua ntej. Cov tsev qis yog tsim raws li hom notsev, tsev ntiav, tsis hnyav loading lub hauv paus.
V group
Cov vaj huam sib luag-vaj huam sib luag yog cov vaj tse ntoo. Ntoo ncej tsev yog feem ntau lub teb chaws cottages thiab cottages npaj rau siv raws caij nyoog. Ib qho ntxiv ntxiv yog tus nqi qis ntawm lub sijhawm thiab nyiaj txiag, qhov rho tawm yog qhov phom sij hluav taws kub thiab lub neej ua haujlwm luv luv.
VI group
Cov neeg sawv cev ci ntsa iab - da dej, tsev, chaw nres tsheb thiab lwm lub tsev thiab cov tsev nyob ib ntus. Lawv yog npaj rau kev siv tus kheej hauv tsev.
Pab pawg peev txheej ntawm cov tsev rau kev lag luam thiab lwm lub hom phiaj
Cov kev xav tau sib txawv me ntsis yog tsim rau cov tsev rau kev lag luam thiab lwm lub hom phiaj tshaj li cov chaw pej xeem, uas yog, qhov bar rau kev pabcuam lub neej tau tsa. Hauv qab no yog cov ntaub ntawv uas tau faib cov khoom tsis yog nyob rau hauv cov pab pawg ntawm cov tsev thiab cov qauv peev txheej. Cov lus qhia txog lawv qhov tseem ceeb, nrog rau ua kom pom tseeb ntawm kev faib cov tsev los ntawm peev.
| Capital group | Kev pab cuam lub neej, xyoo | Design nta |
| 1st group | 175 | Hlau lossis pob zeb pob zeb ntxiv nrog pob zeb txhaws |
| 2nd group | 150 | Phab ntsapob zeb lossis loj-thaiv, cov pob zeb muaj zog ntxiv |
| 3rd group | 125 | Phab ntsa ua los ntawm pob zeb lossis cov blocks loj, cov plag tsev tawv |
| 4th group | 100 | ntoo / cib ncej thiab kab |
| 5th group | 80 | Lub teeb masonry phab ntsa |
| 6th group | 50 | Phab ntsa chopped, cobbled los yog cav |
| 7th group | 25 | Npaj / vaj huam sib luag |
| 8th group | 15 | Reed structures |
| 9th pab pawg | 10 | Cov qauv ib ntus (pavilions, tents, stalls) |
Lub neej kev pabcuam ntawm cov tsev los ntawm pawg peev yog txawv nyob ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm cov khoom. Yog li, rau cov chaw tsim khoom, nws txawv ntawm 15 mus rau 175 xyoo, thaum cov chaw pej xeem tau npaj siv los ntawm 15 txog 150 xyoo. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov ze zog ntawm pawg peev txheej ntawm cov qauv mus rau qhov pib ntawm kev faib tawm series, qhov siab dua qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau nws lub cev thiab kev ua haujlwm siab thiab hluav taws kub. Nws tseem yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias theem ntawm peev nyiaj txiag tseem cuam tshuam los ntawm cov khoom ntxiv xws li kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv, kev sib txuas lus engineering, nrog rau cov cuab yeej siv.tsev.
