Nyob hauv ib lub tsev, lub ru tsev tsis yog ua kom zoo nkauj xwb. Nws muaj ntau lub hom phiaj. Ua ntej, nws tiv thaiv vaj tse los ntawm nag lossis daus thiab cov dej noo nkag mus rau hauv. Qhov thib ob, lub ru tsev tiv thaiv kev poob cua sov. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog txhua lub ru tsev pab tus tswv tsev kom tsis txhob khov thaum lub caij txias. Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev, qhov kub poob nyob ntawm qhov zoo ntawm nws cov rwb thaiv tsev.
Tau kawg, qhov zoo tshaj plaws rwb thaiv tsev yog yooj yim dua rau kev ua tiav yog tias koj saib xyuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm nws qhov kev siv ntawm theem kev tsim kho. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias qhov no tsis ua tiav raws sijhawm, tom qab ntawd, raug rau lub ru tsev rwb thaiv tsev thev naus laus zis thiab ua raws li cov lus pom zoo, koj tuaj yeem ua kom lub ru tsev ntawm koj lub tsev sov so thiab txhim khu kev qha txawm tias lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsev.
Classic roofing cake
Feem ntau cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm lub ru tsev "pie" yog npaj raws li hauv qab no:
- ru tsev;
- ntoo lossis hlau crate rau cov khoom tiav (tej zaum yuav yogtawg, thiab txuas ntxiv);
- txee-lattice (los tsim kom muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov cua hauv qab qhov chaw);
- zaj duab xis waterproof;
- khoom siv ua cua sov insulator;
- vapor barrier khoom;
- sheathing rau cov ntaub ntawv insulating (nrog rau sab hauv cladding);
- sab hauv.
Yog tias "cov ncuav qab zib" ua kom raug, ces thaum lub caij txias, cua sov yuav tsawg, thiab lub caij sov yuav tsis muaj cua sov ntawm lub ru tsev.
ru tsev waterproofing
Cov txheej txheem dej tsis yog tsuas yog tiv thaiv cov rwb thaiv tsev los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ib puag ncig, tab sis tseem tiv thaiv kev nkag mus ntawm cov dej noo rau hauv lub tsev, thiab tseem tiv thaiv condensation.
Cov rwb thaiv tsev tuaj yeem nqa tawm sab nraud thiab sab hauv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev rwb thaiv tsev sab hauv tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb dua li cov rwb thaiv tsev sab nraud.
Yuav ua li cas xaiv cov khoom rwb thaiv tsev?
Hauv kev npaj rau kev rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub ru tsev los ntawm sab hauv, koj yuav tsum xaiv cov khoom siv tsis yog rau rwb thaiv tsev xwb, tab sis kuj rau kev tiv thaiv dej. Cov kev ntsuas no yog qhov sib cais, thiab tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv lub ru tsev los ntawm noo noo, nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov xav tau. Koj tuaj yeem ua tiav cov rwb thaiv tsev zoo tiag tiag tsuas yog xaiv qhov yog thiab, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, los ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv hauv tsev kom raug.
Thaum xaiv cov khoom, nws raug nquahu kom ua tib zoo mloog rau:
- Insulation tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj thiab ib puag ncig cuam tshuam.
- khoom nqi.
- Kev ua tau zoo.
- Insulation hnyav. Qhov hnyav dua, qhov hnyav dua yuav nyob ntawm lub ru tsev, thiab qhov no ntxiv cov kev xav tau tshiab rau lub rafter system thiab lub crate. Lawv yuav tsum tiv taus xws li ib tug load. Yog tias qhov no tsis suav nrog, ces lub ru tsev yuav tawg nyob rau hauv qhov hnyav ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.
Ntxiv rau cov khoom ntawm cov khoom, kev teeb tsa ntawm lub ru tsev kuj tseem ceeb heev, uas tuaj yeem ua tau:
- tiaj;
- suab;
- tent;
- mansard.
ru tsev rwb thaiv tsev los ntawm sab hauv
Ntawm cov khoom siv ntau yam siv rau lub ru tsev rwb thaiv tsev, cov ntxhia fiber ntau rwb thaiv tsev yog qhov nrov tshaj plaws. Feem ntau, thaum ua haujlwm li no, polyurethane ua npuas ncauj yog siv. Daim hlau ua los ntawm polyurethane ua npuas ncauj thiab fiberglass kuj tau ua pov thawj lawv tus kheej zoo. Thaum ua rwb thaiv tsev, foamed iav yog dav siv.
Muaj cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev ua lag luam nrog cov yam ntxwv sib txawv ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev ya raws thiab thermal conductivity, nrog rau ob qho tib si ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg thiab tsim nrog ntxiv ntawm cov tshuaj inorganic. Hauv Is Taws Nem koj tuaj yeem pom ntau cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov cua sov uas twb muaj lawm thiab lawv cov nta.
Txawm hais tias muaj ntau ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev, lub ru tsev rwb thaiv tsev nrog cov ntxhia wool tseem yog qhov xav tau tshaj plaws. Nws yog nrov tsis yog vim nws tus nqi pheej yig, tab sis vim nws qhov tshwj xeeb tsis kam rau hluav taws. Thiab nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm thermal conductivity, cov khoom no ntse sib tw nrog tus so. Tsis tas li ntawd, vim nws qhov tshwj xeeb, cov ntaub plaub ntxhia tuaj yeem siv rau rwb thaiv tsevru tsev ntawm ntau yam.
Isover, iav ntaub plaub thiab ntxhia wool
Cov tuam txhab tsim khoom siv ntau lub hauv paus hauv kev tsim cov ntaub plaub tsiaj. Cov khoom siv muaj ntau yam hauv qab no:
- Fiberglass raws;
- raws li bas alt;
- khoom siv cellulose;
- ua npuas ncauj iav;
- styrofoam.
Lub ru tsev uas muaj cov txheej txheem hauv qab yog hu ua "ru tsev sov". Thaum tshav kub kub yog khaws cia ua tsaug rau cov txheej txheem no. Thaum insulating lub ru tsev ntawm sab hauv, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv cov ntxhia wool nrog fiberglass los yog bas alt.
Thaum xaiv fiberglass, koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias nws muaj qhov nqus dej tsawg. Yog li ntawd, thaum siv cov ntxhia wool, koj yuav tsum tau them nqi rau lub koom haum ntawm hydro thiab vapor barrier. Qhov no siv tau rau cov rwb thaiv tsev sab hauv thiab sab nraud.
Nyob tsis ntev los no, xws li cov khoom siv insulating li isover tau tshwm sim ntawm kev lag luam hauv tsev. Qhov no yog ib qho tshwj xeeb rwb thaiv tsev uas siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb uas tsim cov qauv cua hauv nws. Vim li no, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tau nce ntxiv. Izover kuj tseem muaj cov khoom pov thawj zoo heev. Qhov no ua rau kom pom kev nplij siab ntxiv hauv chav. Nws kuj yog feem ntau siv rau cov mos ru tsev rwb thaiv tsev.
iav ntaub plaub muaj ntau yam zoo:
- Durability. Lub neej ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab cua sov nomus txog hnub nyoog tsib caug. Tsis yog ib lub tshuab cua sov tuaj yeem khav txog qhov kev pab cuam lub neej.
- rwb thaiv tsev kub.
- tiv thaiv suab nrov.
- High environmental resistance.
- Kev tsis sib haum xeeb. Cov iav ntaub plaub yuav tsum tau siv thaum insulating cov tsev ntoo. Cov iav ntaub plaub uas tsis yog-combustible yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws haum rau lawv cov rwb thaiv tsev.
- High vapor barrier.
cov khoom siv hauv tsev tsis muaj dej
Ntxiv rau cov cua sov, cov khoom siv rau kev tiv thaiv dej kuj tseem siv tau thaum ua haujlwm thermal rwb thaiv tsev. Qhov no tiv thaiv chav los ntawm noo noo. Cov ntaub ntawv nrov tshaj plaws ntawm cov zoo sib xws yog mastic thiab ru tsev muaj kev xav.
Dhau li ntawm lawv, muaj lwm tus. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov zoo dua los tiv tauj cov kws tshaj lij ua ntej pib ua haujlwm thiab tau txais cov lus qhia tshaj lij, suav nrog tus kheej tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus qauv. Yog tias koj siv cov khoom tsis raug lossis teeb tsa ua txhaum ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis, qhov tshwm sim yuav poob siab.
Ua-nws-koj tus kheej ru tsev rwb thaiv tsev
Thaum ua haujlwm ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub ru tsev, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo xyuas kom tsis txhob muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov cua. Thaum siv lub superdiffusion membrane, lub rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsum tau tsau ze rau nws. Tom qab ntawd qhov sib txawv yuav nyob twj ywm. Thaum txhim kho zaj duab xis vov tsev, ob qhov khoob yog ua: ib qho hauv qab zaj duab xis, qhov thib ob saum toj no. Rwb thaiv tsev daim hlau uas nyob ze yog stacked nyob rau hauv ib tug checkerboard qauv. Txhawm rau kom lawv haum snugly tiv thaiv cov rafters, cov khoom siv thermal rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsum tau txiav me ntsis dav dua qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov rafters. Tsuas yogTsis tas li ntawd, cov rafters yuav tsum haum snugly tiv thaiv ib leeg kom tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv.
Thaum insulating lub ru tsev los ntawm sab hauv nrog cov ntxhia wool, nws yog tsim nyog los npaj ib tug waterproofing txheej, nteg, ib tug yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab txog qhov zoo ntawm cov pob qij txha thiab installation. Yog hais tias muaj ib tug loj kauj ruam ntawm lub rafters, lub rwb thaiv tsev yog tsau los ntawm sab hauv, los ntawm lub tsev nyob. Qhov no yog ua tiav siv tus kheej tapping screws, uas yog twisted rau hauv ntoo rafters, thiab ib tug hlau yog rub ntawm lawv. Yog tias cov rafters muaj me me, ces cov rwb thaiv tsev tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv qab kab thiab nruab nrab ntawm lawv.
Muaj txoj cai uas cov neeg tsim khoom paub txog ua raws li: yog tias txheej txheej ntawm cov khoom xaiv los ntawm thermal rwb thaiv tsev muaj qhov tuab ntawm 20 centimeters, ces nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv ob txheej nrog tag nrho cov tuab ntawm 10 centimeters.
Kev npaj rau lub ru tsev rwb thaiv tsev los ntawm sab hauv
Thaum insulating lub ru tsev pitched, ntxiv rau kev yuav lub rhaub, koj tsis tas yuav them nqi ntxiv. Yog tias koj yuav tsum tau insulate lub ru tsev hipped (lossis ntau dua) lub ru tsev, ces thaum lub sij hawm installation ntawm rwb thaiv tsev, koj yuav tsum tau ua hauj lwm ntxiv nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav ua tau zoo rwb thaiv tsev. Li no qhov txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem ib txwm rau kev teeb tsa ntawm cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev.
Ua ntej koj pib qhov rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub ru tsev, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo xyuas tag nrho cov ntsiab lus suav nrog hauv nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Yog tias pom cov kab rot lossis kev puas tsuaj, txhua qhov chaw puas yuav tsum tau hloov.
Tom qab ntawd tag nrho lub ru tsev yuav tsum tau kho nrog cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb uas tiv thaivrot thiab pwm.
Tom qab ntawd, cov khoom cua sov thiab cov kav dej, cov xov hlau tau ua tib zoo xyuas seb puas muaj kev puas tsuaj lossis tawg.
Pitched ru tsev rwb thaiv tsev
Txoj kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws rau insulating lub ru tsev pitched yog siv cov yob rwb thaiv tsev. Slabs kuj tseem siv tau - lawv tau pw nruab nrab ntawm cov rafters ntawm ib lub crate ntoo. Thaum ua haujlwm li no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los tiv thaiv cov rwb thaiv tsev hauv qab no. Lub luag hauj lwm ntawm xws li kev tiv thaiv yog ua los ntawm cov vapor barrier zaj duab xis nteg nyob rau hauv thaum pib. Ib daim kab xev tshwj xeeb tau muab tso rau saum cov khoom siv hluav taws kub.
Yuav tsum muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm lub ru tsev thiab cov rwb thaiv tsev. Pw rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov rafters, nyob nruab nrab. Nrog cov rwb thaiv tsev kom zoo, cov khoom siv kuj tseem ua lub suab nrov tiv thaiv.
Feem ntau yuam kev thaum tso cov ntaub ntawv thermal rwb thaiv tsev
Thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, tej zaum yuav zoo li tsis muaj dab tsi nyuab nyob rau hauv insulating lub ru tsev ntawm sab hauv. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kws ua haujlwm thawj zaug feem ntau ua yuam kev tib yam uas ua rau tag nrho lawv txoj kev siv zog.
Qhov yuam kev tshaj plaws thaum insulating lub ru tsev nrog cov ntaub plaub yog qhov tsis ncaj ncees lawm ntawm cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev, nrog rau nws qhov ntev. Tshwj xeeb yog qhov dav. Qhov yuam kev thib ob yog kev siv cov rwb thaiv tsev ntub dej. Qhov no yog fraught nrog cov tsos nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm xeb ntawm cov hlau qhov chaw ntawm lub ru tsev, rot yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub rafters, thiab yuav muaj ib tug tsis hnov tsw ntawm pwm nyob rau hauv lub qab nthab. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias cov av noo siab, nws yuav nkag mus rau hauv lub tsev tsis tu ncua.
Cov ntaub ntawv rwb thaiv tsev
Cov khoom siv rau lub ru tsev rwb thaiv tsev yog cov hauv qab no:
- mesh-reinforced films;
- zaj duab xis txhawb nqa nrog ntaub;
- -perforated zaj duab xis;
- polyethylene films.
Thaum insulating lub ru tsev pitched, yog tias qhov chaw hauv qab lub ru tsev muaj feem xyuam nrog tib neeg nyob, cov hauv qab no yuav tsum tau xav txog:
- Yog lub qab nthab yog qhov ntub dhau, ces thaum insulating, koj yuav tsum tau siv cov yeeb yaj kiab uas tsis yog tsuas yog ntxiv dag zog, tab sis ntawm ib sab ntawm cov ntawv ci.
- Ua tib zoo saib xyuas yuav tsum tau them rau cov chaw uas cov phab ntsa sab nraud nyob sab hauv qab nthab. (Tshwj xeeb yog yuav tsum tau tso cov rwb thaiv tsev tuab nyob ntawd.)
- Yog tias muaj eaves, lawv yuav tsum tau insulated kom huab cua tsis nkag mus rau hauv qab-ru tsev qhov chaw.
- Yog tias thaj chaw nyuaj yog rwb thaiv tsev, qee zaum nws yooj yim dua los kho cov yeeb yaj kiab nrog kev tsim kho stapler. Yog li kho cov khoom siv yuav yooj yim dua. Koj tuaj yeem siv ntoo slats es tsis txhob stapler.
Yog tias koj ua raws li cov lus pom zoo ntawm cov kws tshaj lij thiab tsis ua txhaum cov lus qhia rau kev teeb tsa thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev, cov txheej txheem ntawm insulating lub ru tsev ntawm lub tsev yuav coj tau qhov xav tau, thiab ntxiv rau, nws yuav pab txuag tau. nyiaj txiag tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob.
