Thaum lub sijhawm thaum tus kws sau paj lug legendary Sappho nyob rau hauv ancient Greece hu ua lub sawv ntawm huab tais ntawm paj, cov nroj tsuag no kuj muaj kev nyab xeeb cultivated nyob rau hauv ancient Tuam Tshoj, Is Nrias teb thiab Persia. Cov roj yog tsim los ntawm cov paj ntoo, lawv tau dai kom zoo nkauj rooj noj mov thiab cov txaj sib yuav, thiab ua rau txoj kev ntawm cov neeg muaj koob muaj npe thiab cov neeg muaj koob muaj npe. Raws li cov lus dab neeg, Earl ntawm Lancaster coj ib tug liab sawv los ntawm Fabkis, uas tau los ua lub cim ntawm nws tsev neeg nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 16th caug xyoo, tab sis lub tswvyim ntawm "Fabkis sawv" tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th, thaum ib tug hybrid yog bred, uas. hu ua La France.
Zaj Dab Neeg Fab Kis Teb
Qhov xav tau ntau ntawm cov paj no ua rau pom ntau lub vaj Roses hauv keeb kwm yav dhau los, tab sis dhau sijhawm, kev zam rau Roses tau dhau mus. Nws tau txhawb nqa los ntawm Napoleon tus poj niam Josephine. Nws lub vaj Rose tau ntxiv los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb tab tom nrhiav ntau yam tshiab hauv Tebchaws Europe thiab dhau mus.
Nyob hauv lub vaj pajJosephine, uas tau tsim nyob rau hauv 1804, tshaj 10 xyoo ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav, ntau tshaj 250 hom tshiab ntawm roses tau tshwm sim, cov khoom tseem ceeb uas yog Rosa Gallica (Fabkis). Xyoo 1829, lub vaj Rose twb muaj ntau dua 2,500 ntau yam, thiab tom qab Josephine tuag, nws tsis tso tseg nrog cov paj tshiab ntawm cov paj no.
Thaum cov neeg yug tsiaj bred re-flowering nroj tsuag, Fabkis Rose los ua tsis tshua muaj neeg nyiam thiab ib feem ntawm cov sau tau ploj. Tab sis txij li thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20, lawv rov qab los rau nws, thiab ib theem tshiab ntawm kev txhawb siab pib.
Rose ntau yam Cardinal de Richelieu
Cov paj ntoo, muaj npe tom qab Cardinal Richelieu ntawm Fabkis, tau yug hauv xyoo 1840. Nws cov xim liab doog ob lub paj, thaum qhib tag nrho, zoo ib yam li cov xim ntawm Nws Eminence's robes. Thaum pib ntawm flowering, lawv yog daj ntseg liab, thiab thaum lawv qhib, lawv tau ib tug liab-lilac xim, tig mus rau hauv ntshav. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm tsob ntoo yog li 140 cm, thiab qhov loj ntawm lub buds yog mus txog 8 cm.
Fabkis sawv Cardinal de Richelieu yog ntau yam Frost-resistant uas tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias li -12 degrees. Lub qia yog yuav luag tsis muaj pos, nplooj yog saturated ntsuab. Lub paj muaj cov nplaim paj nruj nreem nyob ib sab, uas qhib maj mam, ib hnub dhau ib hnub, kom txog thaum lub paj tawg tag. Nws muaj ib tug qab ntxiag aroma thiab ntau flowering. Nws txuas ntxiv rau ob peb lub lis piam ib xyoos ib zaug.
French rose no tsis zam tshav kub thiab tshav ntuj, yog li nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau cog nws qhov chaw nws yuav nyob hauv qhov ntxoov ntxoo thaum nruab nrab cua sov. Duab ntxoov ntxooib feem ntawm lub vaj kuj tsis haum rau nws, vim muaj nws yuav tsis qhib tag nrho.
Fabkis Rose Charles de Mills
Cov ntau yam ntawm roses no tau bred nyob rau hauv Denmark nyob rau hauv 1790 thiab belongs rau lub Bush ntau yam ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Rose Charles de Mills nyiam los ntawm cov neeg ua teb rau nws cov paj loj thiab muaj ntxhiab tsw. Lawv tuaj yeem ncav cuag 15 cm hauv txoj kab uas hla thiab muaj cov ntxhiab tsw zoo.
Ntau yam no yog ib qho yooj yim loj hlob, hardy, zoo tiv thaiv qhov chaw dub, powdery mildew resistant, hardy thiab ua zoo nyob rau hauv ntxoov ntxoo.
Paj muaj ntau, kav ntev, ib xyoos ib zaug. Lub buds yog sau nyob rau hauv inflorescences ntawm 3-5 paj. Lub hav txwv yeem yuav luag tsis muaj pos thiab ncav cuag qhov siab ntawm ib thiab ib nrab metres, yog li nws yuav tsum tau muab khi kom cov roses hnyav tsis tawg stems.
Charles de Mills paj muaj cov qauv kauv tshwj xeeb nrog cov paj zoo nkauj zoo nkauj. Cov buds muaj xim los ntawm crimson mus rau ntshav, feem ntau nrog cov lus qhia ntawm dub los yog ntshav. Lawv tsis tawg rau lub sijhawm ntev, uas ua rau lawv tseem nrov ntawm cov kiv cua rose.
Npaj av cog txiv pos French
Lub vaj Roses xav tau qee qhov kev saib xyuas thiab npaj av kom zoo. Tsis txhob cog cov bushes tshiab rau qhov qub. Qhov no yuav ua tau tsuas yog tias koj tshem tawm ib txheej ntawm av los ntawm 50-70 cm, ncuav ib tug tshiab, fertilize nws zoo thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd cog cov tub ntxhais hluas sprouts.
Nyob rau hauv cov av npaj rau lub vaj Rose, yuav tsum tau siv quav ciab nrogmineral chiv - rau 2 thoob ntiaj teb koj yuav tsum tau ntxiv:
- rotted manure - 1 thoob;
- peat - 1 thoob;
- rau av nplaum - ob peb lub thoob xuab zeb;
- rau cov av xuab zeb - 2 lub thoob av nplaum;
- pob txha noj - 2 khob;
- superphosphate - ob peb txhais tes.
Tag nrho cov khoom no yuav tsum tau muab sib xyaw kom zoo thiab ntim nrog lub qhov kom cov Fabkis rose yuav cag thiab loj hlob sai.
Y Rau cov nroj tsuag neeg laus, koj tuaj yeem npaj sib tov ntawm nitrogen, phosphorus thiab potash chiv hauv qhov sib piv ntawm 1: 2: 1. Yog hais tias cov organic chiv yog siv, qhuav manure los yog noog droppings yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev xaiv, uas yuav tsum tau qhuav rau ob peb lub lis piam, thiab ces diluted nyob rau hauv dej nyob rau hauv ib tug ratio ntawm 1: 4. Qhov sib tov yog infused rau ob peb hnub, tom qab ntawd nws tuaj yeem diluted hauv qhov sib piv ntawm 1 liter ntawm kev daws rau 1 liter dej.
Kev loj hlob ntawm cov noob
Y Kev cog roses nrog cuttings yog hom kev tshaj tawm ntawm cov nroj tsuag no. Amateur paj growers kuj paub tias nws muaj peev xwm cog Roses los ntawm cov noob. Kev cog qoob loo pib nrog kev npaj cov noob yuav, lossis los ntawm kev txiav cov noob pods los ntawm cov neeg laus cog.
Cov kauj ruam ntawm kev npaj cov noob:
- Cov noob ntawm ib lub hnab tsuas yog yuav tsum tau nchuav rau hauv lub hnab gauze. Yog hais tias lawv tau txais los ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm ib tug sawv, ces nws yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo txiav thiab tshem tawm cov noob, cais lawv los ntawm lub pulp, thiab ces muab tso rau hauv ib lub hnab.
- Lub thawv noob yuav tsum muab tso rau hauv 3% hydrogen peroxide tov rau 20-30 feeb, uas yuav tiv thaiv lawv ntawm kev lwj thiab pwm yav tom ntej.
- kauj ruam tom ntej yog stratification. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum tau tsau cov paj rwb hauv cov tshuaj hydrogen peroxide, kis cov noob rau lawv thiab npog nrog tib lub disks. Tom qab ntawd, cov noob tau muab qhwv rau hauv hnab yas thiab tso rau hauv lub tub yees ntawm qhov kub ntawm +4 … +5 degrees.
- Txhua 3-4 hnub, kuaj xyuas cov noob, thiab yog tias pwm tau tshwm sim, lawv yuav tsum tau ntxuav thiab tag nrho cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau pib dua. Tom qab 1.5-2 lub hlis, sprouts yuav sprouts, uas yuav transplanted rau hauv nyias pots los yog peat ntsiav tshuaj.
- Txhawm rau kom ua tiav kev loj hlob ntawm Roses los ntawm cov noob, cov noob tau loj hlob hauv qab 10 teev ntawm lub teeb. Ua li no, koj tuaj yeem siv lub teeb fluorescent.
Thaum cov av sov txaus rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav, cov sprouts tuaj yeem hloov mus rau sab nraum zoov.
Rose tu muaj xws li hnav khaub ncaws sab saum toj rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab lub caij ntuj sov, pruning tom qab paj, vaj tse rau lub caij ntuj no thiab kev yug me nyuam. Tsis muaj ib yam nyuaj rau kev tu cov paj no.
Pruning txhais tau tias tshem cov qub tua kom nyiam cov hluas thiab muaj zog. Ua li no, tsis deb ntawm kev loj hlob buds, koj yuav tsum tau txiav nrog ib tug ntse secateurs ntawm ib tug deb ntawm ib nrab ib centimeter nrog ib txoj kab nqes los ntawm lub bud. Nws yuav tsum tau txiav los ntawm sab nraud ntawm ceg, ua kom cov ntaub so ntswg txiav dawb, tsis yog xim av. Yog tias, tom qab qhov kev tswj hwm no, ntau qhov tua pib loj hlob ntawm lub raum ib zaug, cov tsis muaj zog yuav tsum tau tshem tawm sai sai.
Qhov no yuav pab cov nroj tsuag tsim cov ceg tshiab noj qab haus huv thiab tsim cov paj zoo nkauj thiab nplua nuj.
