Yog tias xav tau kom sov lub tsev nyob qis qis, ces siv cov txheej txheem qhov cub tshwj xeeb yog ib txwm xaiv.
Yuav tsum siv
Ceramic cib, cov yam ntxwv uas tsis haum rau kev tsim kho ntawm lub qhov cub, tsis tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias. Cov khoom tsim nyog tshaj plaws rau kev tsim qauv yog qhov cub cib, uas muaj cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb. Ntawm lawv, tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv. Cov khoom zoo li no yog siv los tsim cov plhaub uas cais qhov qhib hluav taws thiab tiv thaiv cov qauv ntawm kev puas tsuaj.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov xuab zeb-lime cib kuj tsis haum. Thaum tshav kub kub-resistant bricks muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb lub hom phiaj, nws yog siv rau hauv ob sab phlu cov chaw ntawm industrial thiab domestic furnaces. Cov khoom siv hauv tsev no yog siv los tsim cov qauv nyob ruaj ruaj xws li barbecues thiab barbecues.
Kev piav qhia dav dav
Yog tias koj yuav siv qhov cub cib (saib hauv qab no rau cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb), nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias nws yuav tsum ua kom tau raws li qee qhov kev xav tau. Ntawmlawv tuaj yeem raug cais los ntawm kev ua haujlwm kub ntawm 1000 degrees yam tsis muaj kev poob. Cov thermal conductivity tsis tseem ceeb, uas muab kev tiv thaiv rau lub tsev, kuj tseem ceeb heev. Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tsis txhob ua ib qho kev tawm tsam ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, uas tso cai rau lub cib kom tiv taus ntau qhov cua txias thiab cua sov. Cov khoom piav qhia yog lub zog accumulators. Hauv lwm lo lus, lub cib ua kom sov sai thiab muab cov cua sov rau sab nraud.
Kiln cib, cov yam ntxwv uas yuav nthuav tawm hauv tsab xov xwm, muaj cov av nplaum refractory, graphite, feem loj ntawm quartz hmoov, thiab hmoov coke. Cov khoom zoo li no yog tsim los ntawm semi-qhuav nias, thev naus laus zis muaj ntau theem. Thawj yog qhov kev npaj ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv, thaum lub sij hawm uas cov av nplaum yog crushed thiab kneaded. Tom qab qhov kev taw qhia ntawm qhov sib tov, qhov sib tov yog coj mus rau ib homogeneous lub xeev. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm no, kwv yees li 10% dej ntxiv rau qhov sib xyaw kom ua tiav qhov xav tau noo noo.
Cib, cov yam ntxwv uas yuav zoo heev, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug tiav loj yog muab tso rau hauv lub bunker, thiab los ntawm qhov ntawd nws mus rau lub dispenser. Tom qab lub cib yog molded, nws yog pub rau hauv qab punch ntawm pwm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug xovxwm. Lub sab sauv ntawm lub tom kawg descends thiab exerts siab rau cov khoom, uas yuav txaus rau sealing. Tom qab cov txheej txheem tiav lawm, lub thaiv raug thawb tawm ntawm pwm mus rau qhov chaw.
kawg theem
Cov txheej txheem nias tau rov ua dua, thiab cov khoom raug xa mus rau kev tua, uas tshwm simntawm 1000 degrees.
Thaum cib cib tsim, cov yam ntxwv uas yuav tsum paub rau txhua tus neeg siv khoom, kev ziab ua ntej raug tshem tawm thiab lub sijhawm tsim khoom raug txo. Txoj kev no yog pheej yig dua li yas molding.
yam ntxwv puv thiab ntom
Ceramic bricks, uas nws cov yam ntxwv tsis haum rau tsim lub qhov cub, yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tsim tsev. Lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg cov khoom ntawm cov khoom yog txiav txim los ntawm cov qauv ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv. Rau kev tsim cov qhov cub, nrog rau qhov cub rau kev lag luam lossis hauv tsev, cov khoom siv cib yog siv. Raws li rau qhov ntom ntom, nws ua raws li ib qho ntawm qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Kev txheeb xyuas cov yam ntxwv no yog ua raws li cov txheej txheem tsim los ntawm GOST 24468-80. Thaum lub sij hawm ntsuas, tag nrho cov porosity thiab pom meej ceev yog txiav txim. Qhov kev pom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov kev ntsuas no tuaj yeem ua tiav lub zog siab tshaj plaws thiab ua haujlwm rau cov xwm txheej tsis zoo.
Nyob specifications
Kiln cib, uas nws cov yam ntxwv yog txiav txim siab los ntawm kev tsim cov thev naus laus zis, raug rau qhov kub thiab txias txawm tias qhib nplaim taws. Lub zog tensile ntawm cov khoom nyob ntawm kev ua raws li daim ntawv qhia, hom thiab ntau lawm tshuab. Chamotte cib muaj lub zog tensile siab tshaj plaws, hom ntawm cov khoom no yog SHAK,qhov taw qhia hais txog qhov sib npaug ntawm 23 N / mm 2. Cov khoom siv no tau siv dav rau kev tso cov tshuab hluav taws xob thiab cov qhov cub hauv tsev, nrog rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas twb muaj lawm ntsia hauv tsev. Yog tias koj xav yuav lub cib cib, tus yam ntxwv ntawm lub zog yuav tsum yog qhov tseem ceeb.
ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas kub
Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, lub qhov cub thiab qhov cub hauv tsev yog nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog qhib hluav taws, xws li cov kav dej thiab lub qhov cub hluav taws xob, lawv ua kom sov txog qhov kub thiab txias thaum lawv tau ntsib nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv siv rau kev tsim cov qauv yuav tsum muaj qhov kub thiab txias txwv. Cov neeg siv khoom feem ntau xaiv cov cib uas muaj qhov kub siab tshaj plaws, lawv qhov ntsuas kub yog nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 1630 txog 1730 degrees. Rau kev tso lwm yam khoom ntawm qhov cub thiab qhov cub, cov khoom siv uas tsis raug raws li cov kev cai nruj heev. Cov kws paub txog qhov cub-tsim qhia siv cov khoom siv rau cov chimneys uas tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub ntawm 700 degrees.
Tshuaj xyuas ntawm thermal conductivity
Kiln cib, cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov uas tau nthuav tawm hauv tsab xov xwm, yuav tsum muaj qee theem ntawm thermal conductivity. Yog tias nws tsawg npaum li qhov ua tau, nws muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv cov vaj tsev nyob ib sab los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Yog hais tias peb tab tom tham txog fireclay cib, ces qhov hais parameter txawv ntawm 1.8 - 1.9W / (m° C). Magnesite cib nthuav tawm cov thermal conductivity ntawm 2.6 txog 2.8. Dinas cib muaj cov thermal conductivity txwv ntawm 1.95.
Chromomagnesite cov khoom muaj cov thermal conductivity siab tshaj plaws, uas txawv ntawm 1.75 txog 2.85 W / (m° C). Raws li cov neeg siv sau tseg thiab raws li cov duab saum toj no tau lees paub, nws yog fireclay cib uas muaj qis thermal conductivity. Yog li ntawd, nws tau dhau los ua dav hauv kev tsim kho. Cov khoom zoo li no muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv cov qauv ntawm kev raug kub siab.
Resilience tshuaj xyuas
Lub qhov cub cib puv lub cev, cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov tseem ceeb rau kev kawm ua ntej yuav khoom, yuav tsum muaj qee yam kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig hnyav. Cov tom kawg suav nrog cov khoom ntawm combustion thiab hluav taws. Alkalis thiab acids yuav tsis cuam tshuam rau saum npoo ntawm cib, yog li tsis muaj qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau qhov ntsuas no. Yog hais tias peb xav txog cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, nws yog tsim nyog sau cia hais tias refractory fireclay bricks yuav tsum tsis txhob siv nyob rau hauv cov qauv uas nto tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv ib puag ncig acidic. Raws li cov neeg yuav khoom, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau tsis ua tiav ntxov ntawm cov qauv.
tshuaj xyuas qhov nqus dej
Hluav taws kub tiv thaiv cib yog tsim los ntawm cov av nplaum, cov qauv yog npog nrog lub qhov hws thaum lub sijhawm tua. Voids ua rau muaj kev nqus dej siab ntawm cov dej los ntawm ib puag ncig sab nraud lossis hauv kev sib cuag nrog nws. Raws li cov khoom lag luam, cib tuaj yeem khaws tau txog li 30% ntawm cov kua los ntawm lawv lub ntim. Qhov ntsuas no tuaj yeem hu uaimpressive rau cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Cov neeg tau txais kev pom zoo hais tias cov cuab yeej no yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account yog tias yuav tsum tau khaws cia lossis khaws cov cib. Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob tso cov khoom tawm hauv qhov chaw sab nraum zoov ntev, qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb yog tias cov khoom siv hauv tsev tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm daus lossis los nag. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, lub cib khiav txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev poob nws lub zog thiab lwm yam ntxwv.
Masonry technique
Lub zog ntawm lub masonry yuav nyob ntawm seb qhov zoo ntawm lub cib, nws tau pw li cas, thiab tseem nyob ntawm seb lub mortar tau npaj zoo npaum li cas. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ua raws li cov cuab yeej technology, uas txhais tau hais tias yuav tsum muaj cov khoom ntub dej. Yog hais tias nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev ua hauj lwm ib tug ntau array yog tau raws li hom monolith, ces qhov zoo ntawm masonry yuav txhim khu kev qha. Nruam ntsug seams yuav tsum raug cais tawm, kom ntseeg tau tias lawv hnav khaub ncaws, tsuas yog tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem suav rau lub zog. Cov phab ntsa ntawm cov qauv yuav tsum yog gas-tight, yog li cov pa luam yeeb yuav tsis nkag mus rau hauv chav.
Koj yuav tsum tau siv cov av nplaum tov, tom qab ntub txhua yam khoom. Cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau siv los ntawm tes. Lub trowel yog siv thaum tso phab ntsa sab nraud. Koj tuaj yeem kis tau cov mortar hla saum npoo ntawm cib yam tsis muaj qhov khoob, tso cov khoom rau hauv qhov chaw. Qhov thaiv tom qab tso yuav tsum tau txav mus los, ntau tshaj qhov sib xyaw yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg. Tib txoj cai yuav tsum tau ua raws li thaum tso cov khoom hauv qab no. Tom qab koj tshem lub cib tawm ntawm cov dej, nws yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ntawm lub mortar, me ntsis tsa sab nraub qaum. Cov khoom yuav tsum tsis txhob tam sim ntawdmuab tso rau kab rov tav. Qhov no yuav tso cai rau koj tuaj nqa cov tshuaj nrog lub ntsej muag bonder thiab txav mus rau qhov chaw.
Nuance of work
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub tsev cib yuav tsum koom nrog cov khoom ntub dej. Lub thaiv tsuas tuaj yeem yaug, txawm li cas los xij, lub masonry yuav tsum tau nqa tawm sai dua. Ib me ntsis wetted cib yuav nqus noo noo sai, lub mortar yuav dehydrate thiab thicken.
Yog tias koj tsis muaj kev txawj txaus, nrog rau txoj hauv kev no koj tuaj yeem tau cov seams tuab. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yog pom zoo kom mus enlist kev pab los ntawm ib tug thib ob tus neeg uas yuav kis tau tus mortar rau saum npoo ntawm cib.
Lub ntsej muag cib, uas nws cov yam ntxwv txawv ntawm qhov cub cib, yog nteg siv tib lub tshuab. Txawm li cas los xij, cov pa cement mortar tuaj yeem siv tau. Nws yog qhov zoo dua rau moisten cov khoom nrog ib daim ntaub ntxhua khaub ncaws los yog cov ntaub qhwv, nthuav tawm qhov chaw uas lub block tom ntej yuav tsum raug cov dej noo. Ntawm lub ntsej muag sib txuas, lub mortar yuav tsum tau siv nrog ib lub cib lossis trowel.
Yog tias koj yuav tsum ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom siv refractory, ces koj yuav tsum yaug nws me ntsis nrog dej. Seams tuaj yeem ua tau ntau yam. Yog hais tias, tom qab ua tiav, lub masonry yuav tsum tau them nrog plaster, ces cov seams yuav tsum tau hollowed, thaum lawv tsis puv nrog mortar mus rau ib tug tob ntawm 10 millimeters. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev thov lub plaster, lub mortar yuav ntws mus rau hauv lub seams thiab ua raws li zoo rau saum npoo.
