Hnub no, yuav luag txhua lub tsev ntiag tug yog nruab nrog lub chimney. Thiab nyob rau hauv feem ntau, nws muaj ib tug tswv yim lub ntsiab lus, es tsis yog ib tug purely kho kom zoo nkauj. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias cov tsev ntiav yog heev tsis tshua muaj kev cob cog rua rau centralized cua sov, lawv yog rhuab siv boilers, qhov cub, thiab lwm yam. Thiab lub chimney plays ib tug tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv no tag nrho cov lag luam. Los ntawm nws, ncu thiab pa taws yog emissions. Nws pab kom ua haujlwm zoo txhua qhov cua sov. Txhim kho lub chimney yog ib txoj kev nyuaj heev thiab mob siab rau.
Introduction
Lub chimney yog ib tug complex qauv, lub hom phiaj ntawm uas yog tshem tawm los ntawm cov khoom cua sov los ntawm lub cub tawg rau hauv cov huab cua, uas tiv thaiv lub tsev los ntawm dampness, hlawv, tar thiab hlawv los ntawm cov phab ntsa. Nws yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm yuav luag txhua lub teb chaws tsev lossis tsev.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kev tsim no yog nyob rau hauv nws lub peev xwm los tsim cov cua ntsawj ntshab, uas tshem tawm cov ncu, tar, thiab lwm yam. Yog tias koj ua yuam kev thaum nws tsim kho, koj tsis tuaj yeem tau txais cov txiaj ntsig xav tau thiab khwv tau ntau yam teeb meem. Ib qho piv txwv yog tsis muaj zog traction rau ib yam ntawm cov cub tawg, uas yog fraught nrog carbon monoxide lom.gas.
Muaj ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv cov nqi teeb tsa thiab hauv kev sib tw thiab lwm yam ntxwv. Txhua tus ntawm lawv muaj nws tus kheej qhov tsis zoo thiab qhov zoo. Wb tham txog qhov sib txawv ntawm chimneys yog dab tsi, cov cuab yeej koj yuav tsum tau nruab rau lawv, thiab yuav ua li cas rau nruab lawv kom raug.
Toolkit
Peb yuav sau cov cuab yeej yam tsawg kawg nkaus uas yuav tsum tau ua thaum ua haujlwm hauv qhov chimney installation. Cov txheej no yuav txawv nyob ntawm seb hom kab ke koj tab tom txhim kho. Yog li cia peb pib. Koj yuav tsum npaj cov cuab yeej hauv qab no:
- Bulgarian (rau nws - ib txheej ntawm cov disks rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm pob zeb thiab hlau).
- Grinder.
- Hmoob.
- Puncher nrog cov txheej txheem ntawm cov kab sib txawv.
- theem tsev (kom yooj yim dua kom muaj qhov loj thiab me me).
- Ib thoob, ib lub trowel, square, daim kab xev ntsuas yog cov khoom siv me me uas yuav ua rau txoj haujlwm yooj yim dua.
- muas rab phom yog ua tau.
Tam sim no koj tuaj yeem pib ua haujlwm. Kev txhim kho lossis tsim lub chimney yuav tsis zoo li qhov loj yog tias koj muaj lub taub hau ntawm koj lub xub pwg nyom thiab tes ua haujlwm hnyav.
khoom
Hnub no, muaj ntau hom chimneys, uas yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom sib txawv. Nyob ntawm seb hom kev tsim kho, qee cov khoom siv yog yuav. Yog li, piv txwv li, kev txhim kho lub tsev pheeb suab paj nruag suav nrog kev siv cov khoom hauv qab no:
- pibsib txawv diameters, uas tau muab tso rau hauv ib leeg;
- filling (cov khoom siv insulating) nrog kev ua haujlwm kub txog li 700 degrees Celsius yog qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov kav dej;
- pipe fasteners;
- screws rau hlau;
- clamps thiab brackets;
- yeeb nkab luj tshib - tsim nyog rau cov yeeb nkab khoov, thiab lwm yam.
Rau qhov tso ib qho chaw cib cib, cov cement, cov cib tshwj xeeb refractory, lub kaus los npog cov yeeb nkab, thiab lwm yam yog xav tau. Yog li, tau txiav txim siab ntawm hom chimney, peb pib tshawb nrhiav thiab yuav txhua yam tsim nyog rau nws lub installation.
Yuav tsum muaj rau lub chimney niaj hnub
Txhua qhov hluav taws xob niaj hnub, yog nws cov qhaub cij lossis cib, yuav tsum ua raws li qee qhov kev xav tau thiab kev tswj hwm kev nyab xeeb. Cov kev cai no yog dab tsi?
- Nws yuav tsum tiv taus noo noo. Cov txheej txheem condensation coj mus rau qhov tseeb tias cov phab ntsa ntawm cov chimneys, ob qho tib si cib thiab hlau, muaj peev xwm ua rau nws tus kheej puas tsuaj.
- Muaj zog traction.
- Ib qhov chimney zoo tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub txog li 1000 degrees Celsius.
- Nws yuav tsum muaj tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo heev.
- Smooth inner deg (tus qauv no yuav yooj yim dua los ntxuav).
Ua raws li cov cai rau kev txhim kho lub chimney, koj tuaj yeem ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo thiab tsim kom muaj cov khoom tsim tau zoo, zoo heev.combustion.
ntau yam tseem ceeb
Muaj ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov chimney, tab sis hnub no peb yuav tham txog hom xws li:
- Brick chimney.
- Sandwich chimney.
- Coaxial tsim.
- Gas cua sov dab dej ua ib hom chimney.
Peb yuav tham txog lawv, vim lawv yog cov neeg nyiam tshaj plaws ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv lub caij ntuj sov thiab cov tswv tsev hauv lub tebchaws. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias txhua hom muaj nws qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo, yog li koj tsuas yog xaiv qhov twg yog qhov zoo rau koj.
Cib chimney
Txhim kho lub cib chimney, los yog nws qhov kev tsim kho los ntawm lub hauv paus mus rau lub visor, yog ib txoj kev nyuaj, nrog rau ntau theem thiab cov cai uas koj yuav tsum paub thiab ua raws. Cia peb pib nrog qhov tseeb tias ib qho kev tsim no yog tsim rau qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm ob lub qhov cub, yog tias lawv nyob hauv tib lub tsev.
Cov cai tswj qhov chimney yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv qhov no. Ib feem, lawv cuam tshuam rau masonry. Txhua lub cib yuav tsum sib tshooj sib koom ua ke hauv qab cov lus dag - qhov no yuav zam kev puas tsuaj rau tus kheej. Nws ntseeg tau tias tus qauv tsim los ntawm txoj kev no muaj zog ntau dua li lwm yam.
Qhov kub hauv qab ntawm qhov cub tuaj yeem dhau los. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias lub tsev yog cua sov nrog cov thee. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj rau lub hauv paus ntawm cov yeeb nkab, ib qho tshwj xeeb stainless hlau nozzle yog mounted rau ntawm lub cub tawg, uas yog ces lined nrog ob txheej ntawm cib. Qhov loj ntawm qhov tsim no nyob ntawm qhov siab ntawm lub qab nthab.thiab qhov cub nws tus kheej. Rau masonry, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau siv cov av nplaum mortar nrog ntxiv ntawm cov cement. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau ua ib lub valve tshwj xeeb uas yuav thaiv tag nrho lub qhov - nws yuav ua tus tswj kom nce lossis txo qis zog.
Nws tseem raug tso cai los tsim cov chimneys hauv cov phab ntsa sab nraud, nrog rau ib qho xwm txheej, tau kawg: yog tias lawv tau ua los ntawm cov khoom siv uas tsis yog-combustible. Tsis ntev los no, feem ntau ntawm cov tshuab no yog tsim los ntawm cov yeeb nkab steel, uas yog ntxiv insulated thiab lined nrog cib.
chimney installation: sandwich technology
Sandwich technology yog ib qho nyuaj thiab kim qauv uas tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias thiab cib. Ib qho ntxiv ntawm xws li chimney yog tias nws xyaum tsis tas yuav tsum tau muab kev pab. Qhov tsuas yog xav tau yog ntxuav nws ib ntus.
Lub tshuab hluav taws xob sandwich muaj peb lub ntsiab lus. Ua ntej, cov kav dej sab hauv thiab sab nrauv, uas tau muab tso rau hauv ib leeg. Cov seams ntawm txhua tus ntawm lawv yuav tsum tau zoo welded thiab qhwv nrog ib tug tiv thaiv hluav taws-resistant ntaub los yog fiber. Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kav dej yog ntim nrog cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb hluav taws-resistant thiab kub-resistant, uas tsis tso cai rau cov yeeb nkab sab nraud los ua kub heev. Nov yog qhov thib peb.
Kev txhim kho lub qhov cub tawg yuav siv sijhawm ntau thiab siv zog, tab sis nws tsim nyog. Cov theem kawg ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog kho cov qauv ntawm sab nrauv ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev. Cov txheej txheem no yog ua los ntawm kev tshwj xeeb clamps, fasteners thiabbrackets.
Coaxial chimney
Kev teeb tsa ntawm lub coaxial chimney feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob, cov roj boilers, thiab lwm yam. Cov tshuab no zoo ib yam li cov qhaub cij, tab sis tsis yog siv lub sealant, spacers tsuas yog ntsia sab hauv uas tsis pub cov kav dej. kov. Xws li cov txheej txheem, tsis zoo li lwm yam ntau yam, tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv txoj haujlwm kab rov tav los ntawm phab ntsa sab nraud. Lub installation ntawm chimneys rau roj boilers yog nrov heev niaj hnub no, thiab cov coaxial hom yog feem ntau siv.
Koj nug: "Vim li cas lawv thiaj nruab tsuas yog cov roj boilers thiab cov tshuab hluav taws xob?" Cov lus teb yog pom tseeb. Qhov tseeb yog tias qhov kub thiab txias hauv cov boilers ntawm qhov hluav taws xob yog qis dua li ntawm qhov cub tiag tiag. Tias yog vim li cas hom no tsis siv nyob qhov twg. Txhim kho lub qhov cub hluav taws xob zoo ib yam li kev txhim kho lub tshuab sandwich.
Modular ceramic chimney
Hnub no, modular ceramic chimneys nyob rau hauv qhov kev thov zoo, txawm tias lawv cov nqi qis heev. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias xws li kev tsim kho muaj ob qho tseem ceeb qualities uas tseem ceeb heev rau ib tug neeg - lawv yog heev yooj yim rau nruab thiab heev txhim khu kev qha. Xws li chimneys tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv cov phab ntsa ntoo, tsuas yog yuav tsum tau saib qhov sib txawv ntawm phab ntsa thiab ceramics - 5 cm. Ntxiv rau, lawv muaj qhov zoo nkauj heev.
Kev teeb tsa ntawm lub chimney yog qhov yooj yim heev. Rau qhov no yog qhov tsim nyogtxuas cov uas twb tau tiav lawm ntawm cov yeeb nkab (modules) ua ke, fasten zoo thiab sau cov seams nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb sealing tov, tom qab uas tag nrho cov qauv yog tsau rau / nyob rau hauv lub phab ntsa.
chav dej chimney
Yuav luag txhua tus tswv ntawm thaj chaw suburban npau suav xav muaj chav sauna lossis chav da dej hauv lossis ze nws lub tsev. Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kawg yog qhov cub. Tom qab tag nrho, nws yog nws uas tsim kom muaj qhov kub thiab txias hauv chav chav. Thiab rau qhov no, qhov zoo tshaj plaws installation ntawm lub cub tawg thiab lub chimney yog yuav tsum tau, uas yuav ua hauj lwm, yog li hais, nyob rau hauv tandem. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv cov qauv cib tsoos rau rooj plaub no.
Peb twb tau txiav txim siab cov cai rau kev txhim kho lub chimney saum toj no. Yog li yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj teeb meem. Raws li rau txhua yam, kev teeb tsa ntawm lub chimney hauv chav da dej yog ua tau ob qho tib si sab hauv thiab sab nraud. Qhov kev txiav txim siab, ib txwm muaj, yog koj li. Tab sis kev paub txog cov kws tshaj lij qhia kev tsim cov qauv sab hauv. Cov phab ntsa ntawm lub chimney tau kub heev, lawv tuaj yeem ua kom sov hauv chav. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj tsis ntseeg koj lub peev xwm, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau kev tso siab rau cov haujlwm no rau cov kws tshaj lij uas yuav ua txhua yam kom tau txais txiaj ntsig thiab sai sai.
Teeb meem thaum txhim kho chimneys
Kev txhim kho cov kav dej chimney tuaj yeem nrog ntau yam teeb meem, thiab lub kaw lus ua haujlwm tsis zoo yuav tsuas tshem tawm tag nrho cov kev siv zog thiab ntxiv mob taub hau. Muaj ntau yam teeb meem tshwm sim. Ib qho laj thawj yuav yog cov khoom siv tsis raug. Piv txwv li, yog peb muablub hauv paus ntawm lub cub tawg yog ib tug phem cib, ces koj yuav tau sab laug yam tsis muaj chimney, raws li nws yuav sai sai tawg thiab crumble. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum paub cov qauv tsim ntawm xws li ib qho system txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev ploj ntawm kev thawb. Piv txwv li, qhov siab ntawm cov yeeb nkab saum toj ntawm qhov uas nyob ib sab ntawm lub ru tsev yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg yog 0.5 m, thiab rau cov tsev nrog ib lub ru tsev ua ke (pav ca) - tsawg kawg yog 2.0 m. Thiab ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Lub qhov ncauj ntawm cib raws mus rau qhov siab ntawm 0.2 m yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv los ntawm nag lossis daus nrog ib txheej ntawm cement mortar los yog lub hau ua los ntawm vov tsev los yog galvanized steel.
Tau kawg, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los kawm los ntawm kev ua yuam kev ntawm lwm tus kom tsis txhob ua rau koj tus kheej. Thiab kev ua yuam kev hauv qhov no yog fraught nrog teeb meem loj. Lub chimney tsis ncaj ncees tuaj yeem rhuav tshem koj lub tsev tag nrho. Piv txwv li, cov phab ntsa hlawv tau yooj yim ua rau hluav taws. Yog li ntawd, ua ntej koj pib ib yam dab tsi, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo npaj thiab xav txog txhua yam. Tham nrog cov neeg paub, rov nyeem cov ntawv tshwj xeeb, thaum kawg ua si nws nyab xeeb thiab tso siab rau kev teeb tsa ntawm cov tshuab tseem ceeb rau cov kws tshaj lij. Los ntawm qhov no, yuav muaj teeb meem tsawg dua, thiab koj yuav tau txais txoj haujlwm sai dua.
