Txhua tus neeg ua liaj ua teb paub tias yuav luag tsis tuaj yeem cog qoob loo nplua nuj thiab noj qab haus huv yam tsis muaj kev npaj ntau. Qhov no yog vim muaj kab mob thiab kab mob phem uas hem cov nroj tsuag ntawm yuav luag txhua theem ntawm kev loj hlob. Txog niaj hnub no, cov txee ntawm cov khw muag khoom kho vajtse thiab cov khw muag khoom tau littered nrog ntau yam ntawm ntau yam tshuaj uas pab tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kab tsuag. Tab sis yuav ua li cas xaiv cov tshuaj uas ua ke nrog cov khoom zoo thiab tus nqi tsim nyog? Niaj hnub no peb yuav qhia koj txog ib qho khoom siv pheej yig uas tau sim ntau xyoo. Nws yuav yog hais txog kev siv ferrous sulfate rau kev tiv thaiv thiab kho cov nroj tsuag.
Composition and properties
Cov mis ntawm ferrous sulfate tsis muaj dab tsi tab sis ferrous sulfate. Nws tseem hu ua hlau sulphate. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tau txais cov ntsev no yog kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm sulfuric acid nrog ferrous hlau. Nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, cov khoom no zoo li nruab nrab-loj crystals ntawm turquoise los yog ntsuab xim. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj nquag hauv cov crystals no yog kwv yees li 53 feem pua. Feem ntau nws tuaj yeem pom hauv daim ntawvpob khoom hnyav 200 lossis 250 grams. Iron vitriol yog ib qho tshuaj tua kab mob fungicidal uas pab tiv thaiv ntau yam kab mob fungal. Thiab cov tshuaj no yog ib qho zoo heev ntawm cov hlau, uas tuaj yeem siv ua chiv. Paub txog qhov tsis muaj hlau hauv cov nroj tsuag yog qhov yooj yim heev - los ntawm kev tuag ntxov ntxov thiab tig daj daj.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom paub qhov txawv ntawm tooj liab sulfate thiab hlau sulfate. Hlau sulphate tsis koom nrog hauv kev npaj ntawm Bordeaux sib tov, thiab nws tseem tsis tuaj yeem siv tshuaj tsuag txiv lws suav thiab qos yaj ywm.
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv
Caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab caij nplooj zeeg yog suav tias yog lub sijhawm nquag tshaj plaws rau kev txhim kho ntau yam kab mob. Iron vitriol yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tsim cov kab mob uas yuav tsis cuam tshuam koj cov peev nyiaj ntau dhau. Tab sis nws tsim nyog nco qab txog qib siab ntawm acidity ntawm cov tshuaj no, uas ua rau muaj tshuaj lom ntawm cov nplooj hluas.
Iron vitriol hauv horticulture yog siv rau cov laj thawj hauv qab no:
- Kev kho mob ntawm cov phab ntsa hauv qab daus npaj rau khaws cov qoob loo.
- Kho qhov txhab thiab kho cov tua tom qab pruning.
- Tshuaj txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm moss, lichen.
- Prophylactic and therapeutic spraying of grapes.
- Sib ntaus tawm tsam kab mob.
- Tiv thaiv cov kab mob mildew, anthracnose thiab rot.
Hlau vitriol yog siv tsis yog rau kev ua cov nroj tsuag xwb, tab sis kuj rau lub hom phiajtshem tawm cov ntxhiab tsw tsis zoo hauv lub vaj thiab lub teb chaws chav dej nyob ntawm txoj kev. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, npaj cov tshuaj 10 liv dej thiab 500 grams ferrous sulfate, uas yog siv los kho cov chav dej thiab thaj chaw ib puag ncig.
Txoj kev siv
Thaum ua cov tub ntxhais hluas cov noob, nws yuav tsum nkag siab tias lawv cov tawv ntoo nyias dua li cov neeg laus. Yog li ntawd, lawv yuav tsum tau ua ib zaug xwb - nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Cov ntoo laus thiab cov nroj tsuag tau ua tiav ob zaug - thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg thiab caij nplooj ntoos hlav.
Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv hlau sulfate yog nws ua ke nrog lwm cov kev npaj vaj. Piv txwv li, nws tsis tsim nyog los sib tov hlau sulfate nrog cov tshuaj tua kab organic uas muaj phosphorus. "Fufanon" thiab lwm yam tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj no yaj nyob rau hauv ib tug alkaline ib puag ncig, thiab yog li ntawd lub siab acidity ntawm vitriol yuav detrimental rau lawv. Lwm qhov txwv tsis pub ua ke yog sib xyaw ntawm hlau sulfate thiab txiv qaub.
Tiv thaiv kab mob fungal
Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob fungal nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg thiab caij nplooj ntoos hlav yog cov seem ntawm cov nplooj qub thiab cov ceg uas poob rau ntawm cov av ib ncig ntawm cov ntoo. Yog li ntawd, thaum lub sij hawm caij nplooj ntoos hlav, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los tsuag tsis tsuas yog tsob ntoo nws tus kheej, tab sis kuj nyob ib ncig ntawm nws. Tab sis nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, ib tug ntau zoo txoj kev ntawm kev tawm tsam yuav yog sau thiab hlawv ntawm poob nplooj thiab ceg. Tom qab ntawd, qhov ze ntawm lub pob tw yog khawb thiab tsob ntoo yog txau nrog ferrous sulfate. Yog hais tias cov nroj tsuag cuam tshuam los ntawm fungal kab mob, nws yuav tsum tau kho nrog ib tug daws ntawm hlauvitriol, npaj ntawm tus nqi ntawm tsis ntau tshaj 30 grams ferrous sulfate ib 10 liv dej. Txau nrog cov tshuaj no yog ua ob zaug lossis peb zaug, nrog kev so ntawm 7-8 hnub ntawm txhua qhov kev kho mob.
Tshuaj tiv thaiv chlorosis thiab lichens
Yog tias cov nroj tsuag tsis muaj fertilized lossis tsis muaj hlau, nws yuav raug cuam tshuam los ntawm chlorosis. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv tus kab mob no, koj yuav tsum siv cov tshuaj hauv cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no: yaj 50 grams ntawm cov hlau sulfate hauv 10 liv dej, sib tov kom huv si kom txog thaum cov crystals yaj tag thiab pib txau cov nroj tsuag. Qhov kev kho no yog nqa tawm txhua 3-5 hnub kom txog thaum cov nplooj rov qab mus rau lawv cov tsos zoo, nrog rau qhov chaw huv si thiab cov xim ntsuab. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev txau, qhov concentration ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tsum raug txo kom tsawg li tsib zaug.
Feem ntau cov ntoo qub raug cuam tshuam los ntawm mosses thiab lichens. Ferrous sulfate kuj tseem yuav pab tshem tawm cov kab mob no. Ua li no, dilute 300 grams ntawm hlau sulfate nyob rau hauv 10 liv dej - qhov no npaum li cas yog haum rau tshuaj tsuag txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo. Pome ntoo raug kho nrog tus neeg saib xyuas ntau dua - 500 grams ntawm cov tshuaj ib 10 liv dej.
Tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj tsuag cov qoob loo
Cov tshuaj tsis muaj zog ntawm ferrous sulfate (100 grams ib 10 liv dej) tuaj yeem siv los kho ntau yam kev raug mob, qhov txhab thiab txiav ntawm cov tua tom qab pruning. Cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem tua cov kab mob puas tsuaj ntawm cov nroj tsuag,tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob phem.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov qoob loo xws li raspberries, gooseberries, strawberries thiab currants, 3% kev daws ntawm cov tshuaj yog txaus. Txhawm rau npaj nws, dilute 300 grams ntawm ferrous sulfate hauv 10 liv dej thiab txau cov nroj tsuag nrog nws ua ntej pib lub caij loj hlob.
Iron vitriol thiab grapes
Iron sulphate yog siv los tiv thaiv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tab sis suav nrog qee qhov tshwj xeeb - nws ua rau cov txheej txheem ntawm cov paj tawg rau 7-8 hnub. Tab sis qhov no feature tuaj yeem hloov mus rau qhov zoo dua. Qhov kev ncua sij hawm ntawm kev loj hlob tom qab kev kho mob nrog ferrous sulfate nyob rau hauv ib qho kev daws teeb meem ntawm 3-4% pab cov kab lis kev cai ciaj sia lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav frosts thiab kub hloov. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ua kom tiav ib lub lim tiam tom qab tshem tawm lub caij ntuj no vaj tse.
Pom zoo kom muaj cov tshuaj ferrous sulfate rau txiv hmab txiv ntoo:
- caij nplooj ntoos hlav ua tom qab tshem tawm vaj tse - los ntawm 0.5 mus rau 1%;
- kev puas tsuaj ntawm kab tsuag (mildew, oidium, txiv hmab txiv ntoo cushion) - 4-5%;
- kev kho mob tawm tsam moss thiab lichen - los ntawm 3 mus rau 5%;
- tawm tsam chlorosis - 0.05%;
- kev kho lub caij nplooj zeeg, ua ntej vaj tse rau lub caij ntuj no - txij li 3 txog 5%.
Yog tias muaj kab mob fungal ntaus ib tsob ntoo thaum lub sijhawm loj hlob ntawm tsob ntoo ntsuab, ces cov tshuaj dawb huv ntawm vitriol siv tsis tau. Tab sis muaj ib daim ntawv qhia rau ib qho tshuaj zoo uas yuav tsis tsuas kho koj cov nroj tsuag, tab sis kuj tsis ua rau nws cov nyhuv.
Npaj qhov noKoj yuav xav tau ib qho kev daws teeb meem: 10 liv dej, 50 grams vitriol, 30 grams urea thiab 20 grams txiv qaub (yuav tsum tau slaked). Xws li ib tug muaj pes tsawg leeg nyob rau hauv daim ntawv diluted yuav tsum tau khaws cia tsis pub dhau ib hnub. Kua, plum thiab cherry ntoo yuav tsum tau txau nyob rau theem ntawm buds tawg, strawberries thiab strawberries - nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev loj hlob cov zaub ntsuab, thiab txiv lws suav thiab qos yaj ywm yuav tsum tau txau nrog cov tshuaj no nyob rau hauv lub active zaub theem..
Qhov zoo ntawm qhov sib tov no yog nws cov acidity qis, uas tsis hlawv cov nroj tsuag. Tsawg toxicity, nrog rau cov nplua nuj nyob hauv cov ntxhia thiab cov organic sib xyaw, tso cai rau koj los txhim kho qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke. Thiab zoo dua adhesion rau saum npoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag muab kev tiv thaiv ntev dua tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj. Tom qab txau nrog cov tshuaj no, cov nroj tsuag tso cai rau koj kom tau txais kev nplua nuj thiab noj qab haus huv.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Ferrous vitriol yog cov tshuaj txaus ntshai, yog li nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau ceev faj thaum ua haujlwm nrog nws kom tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj rau tib neeg thiab nroj tsuag.
Txoj cai yooj yim ntawm kev siv tshuaj yog ua raws li kev siv tshuaj ntau. Cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm hlau sulphate hauv cov tshuaj tsuas yog siv tau rau lub caij nplooj zeeg, tom qab nplooj poob, lossis ua ntej pib lub sijhawm cog qoob loo. Yog tias xav tau kev kho mob sai sai nrog cov tshuaj thaum lub caij cog qoob loo, nws tsim nyog txo qhov concentration ntawm hlau sulfate mus rau 1%.
Kev ua kom huv ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau nqa tawm hauv ntimtsuas yog iav los yog yas. Nco ntsoov hnav hnab looj tes kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib cuag ntawm ferrous sulfate nrog daim tawv nqaij thiab mucous daim nyias nyias. Feem ntau, toxicity thiab txaus ntshai ntawm tooj liab sulfate yog ntau dua li hlau sulfate, tab sis qhov no tsis cuam tshuam qhov kev ua raws li tag nrho cov kev ceev faj.
In xaus
Hnub no peb tau qhia koj txog qhov yooj yim, pheej yig thiab siv tau zoo kawg li cov cuab yeej siv ntau yam xws li hlau sulfate. Ua tib zoo ceev faj thaum ua haujlwm nrog cov tshuaj no thiab koj paub tseeb tias yuav tau txais kev noj qab haus huv thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo uas txawm tias cov kab mob hnyav tshaj plaws thiab kab tsuag tsis tuaj yeem ua rau puas tsuaj.
