Yog tias cov lus nug tshwm sim txog kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm phab ntsa, peb tuaj yeem hais nrog kev ntseeg siab: kev kho yog ze rau kev ua tiav. Tab sis nws tseem ntxov dhau los so, vim qhov no yog ib qho ntawm cov theem tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias kev ua tiav yuav ua tiav los ntawm tes. Thiab ntawm no cov lus nug tsis yog li ntawd ntau nyob rau hauv lub technical sab, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub aesthetic! Muaj ntau tus naj npawb ntawm cov phab ntsa décor xaiv, thiab txhua tus siv zog ua tus thawj hauv qhov teeb meem no, sim ua kom pom lawv cov tswv yim. Hmoov zoo, hnub no muaj ntau yam kev xaiv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas tso cai rau koj kom paub txog cov tswv yim uas txaus ntshai tshaj plaws.
Ua-nws-koj tus kheej zoo nkauj plaster los ntawm cov putty zoo tib yam tuaj yeem muab cov phab ntsa zoo li qub.
Plaster thiab putty li cov khoom tiav
Feem ntau, plaster yog cov khoom ntxhib ntxhib-grained npaj rau thawj phab ntsa cladding, tab sis hniav plaster tsis muaj dab tsi ua nrog qhov no thiab tej zaum yuav zoo npaj los ntawm qhov zoo tib yam.putties. Putty, nyob rau hauv lem, tsuas yog cov khoom uas yog siv rau theem phab ntsa thiab nkaum me me tsis xws luag. Muaj ob hom putty:
- Pib - tshem tawm cov kab nrib pleb, khawb thiab lwm qhov chaw me me.
- Tiav - tso cai rau koj ua kom lub ntsej muag du. Npaj phab ntsa rau painting, wallpapering, thiab lwm yam.
Kho kom zoo nkauj plaster feem ntau tsim nrog kev ua tiav putty. Xws li cov txheej txheem zoo li zoo nkauj heev thiab tso cai rau koj tsis txhob mus rau cov kev pabcuam kim ntawm cov kws tshaj lij txhawm rau txhawm rau tshem tawm ntau yam tsis xws luag. Cov txheej txheej zoo nkauj npog tag nrho cov roughness.
Npaj rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj
Yog li, yog tias koj ua siab ntev, kev mob siab rau thiab koj txoj kev xav, ces cov hniav plaster ua los ntawm cov putty zoo tib yam nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes yuav tig cov phab ntsa mus rau hauv kev tsim duab kos duab.
Mus ua haujlwm, koj yuav tsum ua kom txhua yam npaj tau. Namely:
- cov ntaub ntawv rau kev npaj cov hniav plaster;
- cov cuab yeej tsim nyog los ua haujlwm;
- phab ntsa yog npaj (levelled);
- xim, yog tias koj xav tau, muab xim rau koj tsim.
Cov cuab yeej thiab cov khoom siv sib xyaw tuaj yeem yuav ntawm cov khw muag khoom tshwj xeeb, lossis koj tuaj yeem siv cov cuab yeej improvised, tshem tawm cov txheej txheem qub ntawm cov menyuam uas twb muaj lawm thiab muab tshuaj txhuam nrog cov roj hmab loj-pore ua npuas ncauj lossis ua qhov hauv cov roj hmab zoo tib yam hauv kev chaotic. yam. Ib qho txiaj ntsig zoo tuaj yeem ua tiav siv daim txhuam cev zoo tib yam, txhuam, polyethylene, tab sisthawj yam ua ntej.
Ua ntej pib ua tiav, koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab tsis yog koj xav ua, tab sis yuav ua li cas. Tsis ntev los no, cov hniav plaster plaster feem ntau tau siv los ua cov tswv yim uas txaus ntshai tshaj plaws, tab sis tsis muaj kev txawj ntse nws yuav nyuaj. Tab sis yog tias muaj teeb meem tsis ua rau koj ntshai, koj tuaj yeem nyab xeeb rau kev lag luam.
Kos lub npoo thiab ntxuav, thiab muab tshuaj txhuam hla ciam teb ntawm thaj av nrog daim kab xev npog. Kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm phab ntsa tshwm sim maj mam, ntu los ntawm ntu.
Kev npaj sib tov:
- putty, qhuav mix;
- grout;
- primer (dawb).
Sib tov putty thiab primer kom cov muaj pes tsawg leeg yog qhov sib xws ntawm qaub cream. Yog tias xav tau, koj tuaj yeem ntxiv cov xim ntawm qhov xav tau ntxoov ntxoo rau qhov sib tov. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob ua yuam kev nrog qhov ceev, koj tuaj yeem ua ntej siv cov khoom sib xyaw rau ib qho me me ntawm phab ntsa ntub dej. Yog tias qhov sib tov tsis sib kis thiab tsis nyuaj, peb tuaj yeem xav tias cov hniav plaster ua los ntawm cov putty zoo tib yam, ua los ntawm tes, yog npaj rau daim ntawv thov. Tsis muaj dab tsi nyuab, raws li koj tau pom.
Muaj lwm daim ntawv qhia uas tuaj yeem siv los npaj cov hniav plaster los ntawm gypsum putty:
- 6 kg gypsum mix (qhuav);
- 2 litres dej;
- 0.2L PVA kua nplaum.
Ncuav cov gypsum sib tov rau hauv dej thiab sib tov siv cov khoom siv sib tov kom txog thaum du, ces ntxiv cov kua nplaum thiab sib tov dua. Qhov sib tov yuav tsum yog homogeneous thiab tuab. Txhawm rau hloov qhov sib xws, yog tias tsim nyog, koj tuaj yeem dilute qhov sib tov nrog dej los yog ntxiv qhuavplaster.
Qhov tseem ceeb! Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau siv cov gypsum putty nyob rau hauv 20-30 feeb. Yog li ntawd, nws tsim nyog xav txog koj lub peev xwm thiab kev daws teeb meem ntau npaum li cas koj yuav tsum tau npaj ib zaug.
YYuav ua li cas ua kom hniav plaster los ntawm zoo tib yam putty
Hmoov tsis zoo, nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov qauv kev ntxhib los mos thiab cov qauv ntawm koj tus kheej, yam tsis muaj kev npaj tsim nyog, tab sis txhua tus tuaj yeem tsim cov kev daws teeb meem yooj yim, txawm tias lawv zoo li tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig thiab qub. Hniav plaster yuav pab nrog qhov no. Nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes, kev daws teeb meem yog npaj los ntawm feem ntau putty thiab siv rau ib ntu ntawm phab ntsa nrog ib txheej ntawm tsis pub tshaj 10 hli. Tom qab ntawd qhov sib tov yuav tsum tau muab sijhawm me ntsis los tuav, thiab pib siv cov qauv.
Tom ntej no, cia peb mus saib ntau txoj hauv kev, cov tswv yim thiab hom putty.
Venetian hniav plaster
Ua-nws-koj tus kheej mortar yog npaj los ntawm cov putty zoo tib yam, muaj peev xwm ua raws li cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov pob zeb ntuj. Thiab cov phab ntsa ua tiav nrog "Venetian" yuav saib zoo nkauj tsis nco qab, nyob rau hauv lub siab ntawm Nruab Nrab Hnub nyoog.
Classic Venetian plaster yog sib tov ntawm cov xuab zeb ua los ntawm ntuj pob zeb (quartz, marble, malachite) thiab slaked txiv qaub nrog ntxiv ntawm dyes.
Koj tuaj yeem nqa cov khoom ua kom qhuav qhuav thiab ntxiv rau hauv lub thawv dej raws li cov chaw tsim khoom cov lus qhia. Siv cov khoom siv sib tov, sib tov kom huv si. Cov tshuaj yuav tsum muaj qhov sib xws ntawm qaub cream.
Cov txheej txheem thov tau nthuav tawmhauv daim duab hauv qab no.
Venetian plaster tsuas yog siv tau rau ntawm qhov chaw tiaj tiaj, qhuav thiab huv si.
Putty yog noj nyob rau hauv me me, strokes yog ua nrog ib tug spatula. Strokes tuaj yeem ua cheb thiab me me, koj tuaj yeem ua raws li cov khoom siv lossis tsim cov qauv rov ua dua. Tom qab ua tiav thawj txheej, nws raug tso cai kom qhuav kom huv si, ces lawv raug coj mus rau lwm qhov. Thawj txheej yog ua tas mus li, tom qab, ua tiav, yog thov nrog lub spatula hloov tau. Cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg maj mam rub kom tsis txhob muaj qhov tsis sib xws.
kauj ruam tom ntej hauv kev tsim kho kom zoo nkauj yog xuab zeb. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm no yog tsis overdo nws thiab du tawm tsuas yog cov ntse protrusions thiaj li tsis mus ua puas tus qauv. Siv daim tawv nqaij tawv los yog mesh rau qhov no.
Cia li pleev xim rau saum npoo. Qhov no yog lub sijhawm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov Venetian attire ntawm phab ntsa. Cov xim yog siv rau hauv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, thiab cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg yuav tsum sib txawv ntawm qhov saturation ntawm thawj. Cov xim yog siv sai sai rau qhov chaw me me. Koj yuav tsum sim tshem qee cov xim ntawm qhov chaw tsa.
Kev ua tiav tuaj yeem npog cov phab ntsa nrog acrylic varnish lossis ntxiv cov nyhuv ntawm gilding. Tab sis koj tuaj yeem tso txhua yam raws li nws yog, nws yog qhov teeb meem ntawm saj.
Tsim Venetian plaster tsis yooj yim thiab muaj ntau yam nuances, tab sis nrog kev mob siab rau nws yog rau txhua tus.
qauv, embossing, cov menyuam textures
Los tsim cov qauv zoo nkauj, embossing, textures,kuj zoo nkauj plaster los ntawm dog dig putty. Ib tug menyuam npog nrog loj-pore ua npuas ncauj roj hmab los yog steel mesh yog siv los kho qhov chaw ntawm plaster. Nws yuav tsum ua li cas nrog kev xav: siv cov rollers sib txawv, sib txuas cov lus qhia ntawm kev txav, siv cov menyuam sib txawv. Koj tuaj yeem ua tus menyuam cov ntaub ntawv koj tus kheej siv:
- Khaub ncaws lossis hlua kom qhwv ib ncig ntawm cov menyuam. Nws puas yuav yog ib qho kev sib tw los yog nrog ntau qhov sib tshooj, tus tsim qauv txiav txim siab.
- Zaub net lossis hnab yas. Koj yuav tsum tau cua lawv ntawm lub tog raj kheej ntawm cov menyuam, tawm hauv folds. Siv cov cuab yeej zoo li no, koj tuaj yeem tau txais tus qauv uas yuav tsis muaj qhov rov ua dua ib zaug.
- Ib daim ntawm cov roj hmab ua npuas ncauj uas tuaj yeem txiav rau hauv koj tus kheej cov qauv tshwj xeeb.
Cia peb saib cov ntaub ntawv zoo nkauj tsim ua lwm txoj hauv kev.
Decor nrog spatula
Tsim qhov chaw zoo nkauj yog qhov muaj tswv yim zoo. Siv cov curly los yog cov spatula tsis tu ncua thiab siv cov mortar nyob rau hauv dav los yog me me strokes, undulating los yog arcuate txav, nyob rau hauv ib tug ncaj los yog chaotic txoj kev, koj muaj peev xwm tsim ib tug tshwj xeeb qauv ntawm phab ntsa.
Tsis tas li, tus qauv nthuav dav tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog trowel. Thawj txheej yog thov, thiab tom qab ntawd cov tshuaj maj mam muab faib rau trowel thiab pauv mus rau hauv paus. Kev txav ntawm lub trowel yuav tsim qhov txawv txav.
Lwm tus qauv siv lub trowel tuaj yeem tau los ntawm kev siv nws rau ntau qhov chawthiab nias me ntsis. Qhov randomness ntawm cov kev txav no yuav muab cov qauv phab ntsa tsis rov ua dua.
Siv cov cuab yeej ntoo lossis yas, koj tuaj yeem tsim ua tiav ib qho kev ua tiav hu ua bark beetle uas zoo li cov kab noj ntoo.
Ua li no, koj yuav tsum tau siv cov khoom sib xyaw rau saum npoo ntawm phab ntsa thiab muab sijhawm rau lob. Tom qab ntawd coj cov cuab yeej thiab ua cov kab rov tav, ntsug lossis ncig.
Daim txhuam cev thiab ntxhua khaub ncaws
Kho kom zoo nkauj plaster yuav kho cov phab ntsa hauv txoj kev qub tshaj plaws. Nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes, koj tuaj yeem tsim ib qho kev ntxhib los mos los ntawm cov putty zoo tib yam thiab daim txhuam cev. Ua li no, koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tau taug kev daim txhuam cev hla tag nrho saum npoo, me ntsis nias rau ntawm phab ntsa.
Hatching
Koj tuaj yeem kho cov phab ntsa nrog cov zuag hlau, "combing" tshiab siv plaster nyob rau hauv ntau cov lus qhia. Koj tuaj yeem tau txais cov qauv "wicker" nthuav. Cov kev taw qhia ntawm kev txav tuaj yeem yog undulating, thiab ncig, thiab semicircular, thiab crosswise. Lub putty tau tso cai kom qhuav thiab ntxuav nrog ib daim ntaub kom tshem tawm cov khoom me me uas tsis cuam tshuam nrog qhov chaw. Hniav plaster siv nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, ua nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes los ntawm cov putty zoo tib yam, tso cai rau koj kom tau txais cov qauv uas tsis zoo li lwm yam.
Snowball
Cov txheej txheem zoo ib yam li kev tsim ntawm Venetian plaster. Txawm li cas los xij, cov xim sib txawv yog siv. Qhov tsaus nti yog muab tso rau hauv thawj txheej. Thiab lub teeb xim yog uatxaws. Txhawm rau simulate snowfall, cov khaubncaws sab saum toj zoo tshaj plaws yog ua dawb.
Silk
Lwm txoj hauv kev yooj yim los tsim kom zoo nkauj nto. Siv cov yeeb yaj kiab yas, koj tuaj yeem tau txais cov qauv uas zoo li cov ntaub qhwv. So:
- Ua ntej, siv cov tshuaj pleev xim rau saum npoo nrog ib txheej tuab txog 2 hli.
- Tam sim ntawd tom qab daim ntawv thov, ib zaj duab xis yas yog siv rau thaj tsam puttied (qhov "daim ntaub" no tsis tas yuav smoothed tawm, ntau daim ntawv folds, qhov nthuav ntau qhov kev ntxhib los mos).
- Tom qab npog li ib feem peb ntawm qhov chaw, pib zawm cov folds, twisting me ntsis, yog li cov qauv tshiab yuav tsim rau ntawm lub putty (rov ua qhov kev txiav txim kom txog thaum tag nrho cov phab ntsa yog npog).
- Tom qab 12-15 teev, tshem cov yeeb yaj kiab. Tom qab ntawd, cia cov phab ntsa qhuav rau lub sijhawm ntxiv.
- Tom qab ua tiav ziab, qhov saum npoo yog ntxuav me ntsis, tshem tawm cov khoom tawg thiab ua kom zoo dua qhov chaw tawm tsam.
theem tom ntej ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog pleev xim rau saum npoo. Xim yog siv nrog ib daim txhuam cev los yog daim txhuam cev. Nrog rau qhov ntub dej, daim txhuam cev huv si, qee qhov xim raug tshem tawm. Txhawm rau tshem tawm ntau cov xim pleev xim rau hauv cov ces kaum, lawv yuav tsum tau rubbed nrog spatula qhwv hauv ib daim ntaub huv. Qhov saum npoo tiav yog tso cai kom qhuav. Tom qab ntawd, txhawm rau txhim kho cov nyhuv ntawm "silk", cov xim pearl yog siv.
Tswv yim rau cov qauv thiab textures
Muaj kev xav zoo thiab qee yam kev txawj ntse, koj tuaj yeem tsim cov qauv qub tshaj plaws, cov plaster zoo nkauj los ntawm cov putty zoo tib yam yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev tsim cov qauv tshiab. Cov duab, yeeb yaj duab, cov lus qhia yuav pab taunrog txhua yam nyuaj. Txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb los tsim cov ntawv qub yog muab rau hauv kab lus, tab sis muaj ntau qhov sib txawv.
Zaj lus
Nws muaj kev nyab xeeb hais tias nrog kev ua siab ntev thiab kev xav zoo, kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm phab ntsa tuaj yeem ua tiav ntawm nws tus kheej, txo cov nqi khoom siv rau kev kho. Nyob rau saum npoo ntawm phab ntsa, koj tuaj yeem tsim thiab tsim cov tswv yim uas koj nyiam. Yog hais tias muaj ib tug artist lub peev xwm, ces siv cov hniav plaster, tsim los ntawm putty nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes, yuav txawm cia koj rov tsim paintings. Tau kawg, txhawm rau ua raws li cov tswv yim zoo tshaj plaws, nws yog qhov zoo dua los tig mus rau cov kws tshaj lij tiav. Tab sis yog tias, txawm li cas los xij, kev txiav txim siab tau txiav txim siab los kho qhov chaw ntawm lawv tus kheej, thiab tsis muaj kev paub tshwj xeeb hauv qhov teeb meem no, nws tsim nyog xyaum ua ib qho me me ntawm phab ntsa ntub dej thiab tom qab ntawd xav tias dawb los ua lub ntsiab décor.
