Hlau etching qee zaum hloov casting thiab engraving, nws ua rau tag nrho cov txheej txheem yooj yim dua. Koj tuaj yeem tau txais cov qauv ob qho tib si concave - embossed, thiab convex - bas-relief. Hlau etching hauv tsev tuaj yeem yog tshuaj lom neeg thiab galvanic. Thawj qhov kev xaiv yog tshuaj lom ntau dua thaum siv hauv tsev, yog li peb yuav siv qhov thib ob ua ntej, nws tseem hu ua electrochemical.
khoom siv
Koj yuav tsum tau siv lub zog hluav taws xob lossis lub tshuab hloov hluav taws xob uas tuaj yeem tawm ntawm 4 txog 7 V. Ntxiv rau, koj xav tau lub da dej dielectric, nws yuav tsum muaj qhov tsim nyog thiab cov khoom siv hlau thib ob uas txuas nrog lub anode..
Txhawm rau ua kom tiav cov qauv ntawm cov hlau, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau siv cov tshuaj ferrous sulfate ua cov electrolyte. Yog tias xav tau kev kos duab ntawm tooj liab lossis tooj dag, ces tooj liab sulfate yog siv. Koj tuaj yeem thovferric chloride. Qhov tseem ceeb yog dej distilled.
Npaj ib feem rau etching
Yuav kom cov etching kom zoo ib yam thiab nyob rau hauv qhov chaw zoo, qhov yuav tsum tau ntxuav ntawm av thiab degreased. Rau kev ua haujlwm yooj yim dua, tooj liab hlau yog soldered rau ib feem nrog tin, nws yuav yooj yim tuav cov khoom rau nws. Txhawm rau ntxuav qhov chaw, koj yuav tsum tau txo cov khoom kom hloov mus rau 10% sodium hydroxide, qhov kub ntawm 50 ° C, tom qab ntawd rau hauv 15% sulfuric acid tov thiab tuav nws rau ob feeb, tom qab ntawd yaug nws hauv qhov kub. dej. Thaum cov txheej txheem tiav lawm, qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom yuav raug ntxuav kom huv si, thiab tau kawg, koj tsis tuaj yeem kov lawv nrog koj txhais tes.
Electrochemical hlau etching
Peb yuav tsum tiv thaiv qhov chaw uas yuav tsum tsis txhob khaws. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau thov ib qho tshwj xeeb mastic rau cov cheeb tsam ntawm qhov chaw. Nws yog tsim los ntawm peb feem ntawm wax thiab ob - rosin, lawv yog melted nyob rau hauv ib tug tin, stirring. Tom qab txhua yam hloov mus rau hauv homogeneous loj, nws raug tso cai kom txias thiab muab faib ua tej pawg. Txhua tus ntawm lawv yog muab tso rau hauv gauze, yog li ntawd thaum nias, ntau mastic raws li qhov tsim nyog tuaj yeem nkag los ntawm nws. Tom qab ntawd, lub workpiece, uas peb yuav pickle, heats li. Tam sim no peb muab cov sib tov tsim, uas tau muab tso rau hauv gauze, thiab rub lub nto nrog ib txheej txawm.
Tom qab txias, cov mastic yuav khov. Los ntawm saum toj no nws yog them nrog lub teeb dej-soluble xim. Nws tuaj yeem yog watercolor lossis gouache dawb. Tom qab ntawd, lub txheej yuav tsum qhuav. Ces koj ua tauthov ib daim duab, nws yuav tuav zoo ntawm cov xim. Nws tuaj yeem kos nrog xaum lossis txhais los ntawm cov ntawv carbon. Ces qhov contour no yuav tsum tau khawb nrog ib rab koob rau cov hlau heev.
Tam sim no cov hlau yog etched los ntawm electrolysis, peb txuas ib tug pas nrig rau lub anode - ntxiv, lwm tus mus rau cathode - rho tawm. Rau thawj peb txuas qhov uas daim duab yuav siv tau, mus rau lub thib ob ib tug steel phaj. Tom qab ntawd, txheej txheem ntawm etching cov hlau pib qhov twg cov duab raug khawb.
Yog tias koj xav tau los tsim ntau theem kev kos duab, txhua yam ua tiav tib yam li tau piav qhia saum toj no. Tsuas yog cov contours raug kuaj xyuas txhua zaus, thiab thaum qhov tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm lawv tau etched mus rau qhov tob tshaj plaws, ib feem raug muab tshem tawm thiab pleev xim rau nrog rhuab mastic siv txhuam. Thaum nws hardens, txhua yam yog rov ua dua mus txog rau theem tom ntej ntawm daim duab. Hauv cov txheej txheem, cov duab tau maj mam tsim.
Ua li no, hlau yog etched nyob rau hauv tsev, tom qab uas lub nto yog ntxuav nrog turpentine, thiab ces polished, muab cov khoom ib tug tiav saib.
tshuaj tua kab
Tam sim no cia peb saib yuav ua li cas los tsim cov qauv ntawm cov hlau tsis siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Ua li no, peb xav tau cov tshuaj uas tau muag dawb hauv cov khw muag khoom kho vajtse. Yog li, cia peb pib. Rau etching peb xav tau:
- Ntsuj Plig Dawb Huv;
- xim tsis yaj hauv Ntsuj Plig Dawb;
- acetone;
- resin siv los npog ru tsev;
- ntsevphau ntawv qhia;
- xiav vitriol.
Pib nrog, qhov chaw uas daim duab tau npaj yog ntxuav nrog cov xuab zeb zoo thiab degreased. Thaum lub saum npoo yog npaj txhij, koj xav tau ib qho chaw uas tus qauv yuav siv tau, kaw nrog ib daim kab xev los yog ib yam dab tsi zoo sib xws. Tom qab ntawd, qhov seem ntawm qhov chaw, qhov twg tshuaj etching yuav tsum tsis txhob cuam tshuam cov hlau, yog pleev xim rau nrog cov xim. Nws tuaj yeem ua tau ntawm txhua yam xim, tsuav yog nws tiv taus Ntsuj Plig Dawb.
Thaum cov xim qhuav, koj tuaj yeem tshem cov nplaum nplaum. Hauv qab nws yog cov hlau ntshiab, npaj tau pleev xim rau. Tam sim no ntawm no "mini-canvas" koj yuav tsum tau siv cov duab. Nws yog tsim los ntawm cov resin, uas yog yaj nyob rau hauv Dawb Ntsuj Plig kom txog thaum nws ua kua, zoo li cov xim. Nws kos cov duab uas xav tau nrog txhuam. Dab tsi yog qhov zoo ntawm cov xim zoo li no yog tias yog ib yam dab tsi tsis ua haujlwm hauv daim duab, ces nws yuav muaj peev xwm tshem tau nws los ntawm moistening ib daim ntaub los yog paj rwb swab nyob rau hauv Dawb Ntsuj Plig. Yog tias muaj cov ntsiab lus me me hauv daim duab uas tsis zoo nrog txhuam, lawv tuaj yeem kho nrog rab koob, txhuam tawm qhov dhau los tom qab ziab.
Ua li no, koj tuaj yeem etch riam, cov yuam sij, feem ntau, txhua yam khoom siv hlau. Tam sim no hais tias daim duab yog npaj txhij, koj tuaj yeem mus rau qhov etching nws tus kheej.
Kev daws teeb meem
Peb xav tau ib liter dej, uas peb yuav tsum tau yaj 100 g ntawm tooj liab sulfate, thiab ces ntxiv ntsev. Nws yuav tsum tau nchuav kom txog thaum nws tsis yaj. Lub resulting sib tov yuav muaj xim xiav. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab ib qho khoom siv hlau nkag rau hauv nws, xim yuav pib hloov mus rau ntsuab.
Yog li, peb tab tom thauj khoom. Cov txheej txheem tshuaj pib tam sim ntawd. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov kev tsim no, tsis muaj tshuaj phem rau kev noj qab haus huv raug tso tawm, yog li no hlau etching nyob rau hauv tsev muaj kev nyab xeeb.
Kev ua haujlwm hauv tshuaj lom neeg
Thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, cov quav hniav raug tsim, uas yuav dhau los ua ntau dua. Nws qeeb tag nrho cov txheej txheem, yog li koj yuav tsum tau ntxuav nws tawm nrog dej ib ntus. Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob ua qhov no nrog kev pab ntawm ntau yam txhuam, txhuam thiab lwm yam cuab yeej, vim tias koj tuaj yeem ua rau cov xim puas. Tab sis nws zoo nkaus li tuav tag nrho cov duab kos, thiab nws yuav txaj muag yog tias, los ntawm etching ib rab riam, piv txwv li, koj inadvertently ua puas daim duab rau nws. Qhov no yog ib txoj hauj lwm ilv heev uas yuav tsum tau ib tes khov kho thiab ua siab ntev.
Qhov tob ntawm tus qauv ncaj qha nyob ntawm lub sijhawm uas cov hlau yuav nyob twj ywm hauv kev daws. Tsis muaj cov qauv qhia meej, yog li txhua tus tswv yuav tsum nws tus kheej saib xyuas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj. Thiab tsuas yog tom qab ua qhov no ob peb zaug, nws yuav muaj peev xwm hais nrog kev ntseeg siab ntau npaum li cas lub sijhawm xav tau rau tus qauv xav tau los txhim kho mus rau qhov xav tau qhov tob.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm electrochemical thiab tshuaj etching
Qhov zoo ntawm electrochemical hlau etching hauv tsev suav nrog qhov tseeb tias cov qauv tsim tau pom tseeb dua, qhov no tuaj yeem pom meej yog tias koj saibnws thaum magnified. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov downside yog tias txoj kev no yuav tsum muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, uas yuav tsis muaj rau txhua tus.
Qhov zoo ntawm cov tshuaj etching suav nrog qhov tseeb tias txhua yam koj xav tau tuaj yeem yuav ntawm lub khw muag khoom kho vajtse. Cov khoom xyaw no pheej yig, thiab qhov zoo tshaj plaws, koj tsis tas yuav nrhiav lub hwj chim lossis lwm yam khoom siv uas muaj peev xwm xa tau los ntawm 4 txog 7 V. Txawm li cas los xij, cov npoo tsis zoo ntawm cov qauv yog qhov rho tawm.
